Köttigite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Köttigite
Formula:
Zn3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Colour:
Should be colorless, but frequently is carmine-red, red-orange, brown, pale grey-blue, grey-green; light rose-pink in transmitted light.
Lustre:
Resinous, Waxy, Silky
Hardness:
2½ - 3
Specific Gravity:
3.33
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named by James Dwight Dana in 1850 in honour of Otto Friedrich Köttig (3 April 1824, Meissen, Kingdom of Saxony - 21 February 1892, Dresden, German Empire), chemist of Schneeberg, Saxony, who made the first chemical analysis.
Type Locality:
Dimorph of:
Vivianite Group. Köttigite-Parasymplesite Series, Erythrite-Köttigite Series.
The zinc analogue of parasymplesite and erythrite.
The zinc analogue of parasymplesite and erythrite.
Name Encoding
ASCII-7:
Kottigite
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2263
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2263:3
IMA Classification of Köttigite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Zn2+3(As5+O4)2·8H2O
Classification of Köttigite
8.CE.40
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
E : With only medium-sized cations, RO4:H2O about 1:2.5
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
E : With only medium-sized cations, RO4:H2O about 1:2.5
40.3.6.5
40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
3 : A3(XO4)2·xH2O
40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
3 : A3(XO4)2·xH2O
20.3.6
20 : Arsenates (also arsenates with phosphate, but without other anions)
3 : Arsenates of Zn, Cd or Hg
20 : Arsenates (also arsenates with phosphate, but without other anions)
3 : Arsenates of Zn, Cd or Hg
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Köt | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Köttigite
Resinous, Waxy, Silky
Transparency:
Translucent
Comment:
Fracture yields a silky luster.
Colour:
Should be colorless, but frequently is carmine-red, red-orange, brown, pale grey-blue, grey-green; light rose-pink in transmitted light.
Comment:
Colored by substituting elements.
Streak:
Reddish-white to white
Hardness:
2½ - 3 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Flexible
Cleavage:
Perfect
On {010}, perfect.
On {010}, perfect.
Fracture:
Fibrous
Density:
3.33 g/cm3 (Measured) 3.24 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Köttigite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.622 nβ = 1.638 nγ = 1.671
2V:
Measured: 74° , Calculated: 72°
Birefringence:
0.049
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.049
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
r > v to r < v strong
Optical Extinction:
z = b, z ^ c = 37°
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X, Y = colorless, Z = pale red
Comments:
Pleochroism should not be present if the mineral is colorless
Chemistry of Köttigite
Mindat Formula:
Zn3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Köttigite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.24 Å, b = 13.405 Å, c = 4.757 Å
β = 105.21°
β = 105.21°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.764 : 1 : 0.355
Unit Cell V:
630.11 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Crystals prismatic [001] and flattened {010}. Massive; crusts with a crystalline surface and fibrous structure.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 7.97 Å | (20) |
| 6.72 Å | (100) |
| 3.23 Å | (50) |
| 3.01 Å | (30) |
| 3.00 Å | (40) |
| 2.74 Å | (30) |
| 2.71 Å | (30) |
| 2.33 Å | (20) |
Comments:
ICDD 33-1467 synthetic, also 33-430 calculated
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47d : [Arsenates, antimonates, selenates, bismuthinates] |
Geological Setting:
Oxidized zones of arsenical ores containing zinc.
Type Occurrence of Köttigite
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Oxidized veins in a hydrothermal sulfide ore deposit
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Köttigite
Other Language Names for Köttigite
Varieties of Köttigite
| Cobalt-bearing Köttigite | A variety of köttigite coloured pale pink to pink by a minor cobalt content. |
Relationship of Köttigite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Vivianite Group:
| Annabergite | Ni3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Arupite | Ni3(PO4)2 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Babánekite | Cu3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Barićite | (Mg,Fe)3(PO4)2 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Cabrerite | NiMg2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Erythrite | Co3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Gritsenkoite | CoMg2(AsO4)2(H2O)8 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Hörnesite | Mg3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Manganohörnesite | Mn2+3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m : P2/m |
| Monteneroite | Cu2+Mn2+2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Pakhomovskyite | Co3(PO4)2 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Parasymplesite | Fe2+3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Vivianite | Fe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Zincocabrerite | ZnMg2(AsO4)2(H2O)8 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 17 photos of Köttigite associated with Parasymplesite | Fe2+3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| 16 photos of Köttigite associated with Legrandite | Zn2(AsO4)(OH) · H2O |
| 15 photos of Köttigite associated with Willemite | Zn2SiO4 |
| 14 photos of Köttigite associated with Franklinite | Zn2+Fe3+2O4 |
| 14 photos of Köttigite associated with Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| 12 photos of Köttigite associated with Sphalerite | ZnS |
| 11 photos of Köttigite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
| 10 photos of Köttigite associated with Ogdensburgite | Ca2Fe3+4(Zn,Mn2+)(AsO4)4(OH)6 · 6H2O |
| 8 photos of Köttigite associated with Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| 8 photos of Köttigite associated with Pharmacosiderite | KFe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 6-7H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.CE. | Monteneroite | Cu2+Mn2+2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| 8.CE. | Belmonteite | CaMn2(AsO4)2 · 7H2O |
| 8.CE.X | Babánekite | Cu3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| 8.CE.05 | Chudobaite | Mg5(AsO4)2(AsO3OH)2 · 10H2O |
| 8.CE.05 | Geigerite | Mn2+5(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 10H2O |
| 8.CE.10 | Newberyite | Mg(PO3OH) · 3H2O |
| 8.CE.10 | Manganonewberyite | Mn(PO3OH)(H2O)3 |
| 8.CE.15 | Fanguangite | (MoO2)(PO3OH) · 4H2O |
| 8.CE.15 | Brassite | Mg(HAsO4) · 4H2O |
| 8.CE.20 | Phosphorrösslerite | Mg(PO3OH) · 7H2O |
| 8.CE.20 | Rösslerite | Mg(HAsO4) · 7H2O |
| 8.CE.25 | Switzerite | Mn2+3(PO4)2 · 7H2O |
| 8.CE.25 | Metaswitzerite | Mn2+3(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 8.CE.30 | Pradetite | CoCu4(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 9H2O |
| 8.CE.30 | Veselovskýite | ZnCu4(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 9H2O |
| 8.CE.30 | Lindackerite | CuCu4(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 9H2O |
| 8.CE.30 | Klajite | MnCu4(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 9-10H2O |
| 8.CE.30 | Hloušekite | (Ni,Co)Cu4(AsO4)2(AsO3OH)2 · 9H2O |
| 8.CE.30 | Ondrušite | CaCu4(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 10H2O |
| 8.CE.35 | Bobierrite | Mg3(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| 8.CE.40 | Barićite | (Mg,Fe)3(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| 8.CE.40 | Parasymplesite | Fe2+3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| 8.CE.40 | Gritsenkoite | CoMg2(AsO4)2(H2O)8 |
| 8.CE.40 | Cabrerite | NiMg2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| 8.CE.40 | Pakhomovskyite | Co3(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| 8.CE.40 | Vivianite | Fe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| 8.CE.40 | Arupite | Ni3(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| 8.CE.40 | Erythrite | Co3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| 8.CE.40 | Hörnesite | Mg3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| 8.CE.40 | Manganohörnesite | Mn2+3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| 8.CE.40 | Ferrisymplesite | Fe3+3(AsO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O |
| 8.CE.40 | Annabergite | Ni3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| 8.CE.45 | Symplesite | Fe2+3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| 8.CE.50 | Cattiite | Mg3(PO4)2 · 22H2O |
| 8.CE.55 | Koninckite | Fe3+PO4 · 3H2O |
| 8.CE.60 | Kaňkite | FeAsO4 · 3.5H2O |
| 8.CE.60 | Hilarionite | Fe3+2(SO4)(AsO4)(OH) · 6H2O |
| 8.CE.65 | Steigerite | Al(VO4) · 3H2O |
| 8.CE.70 | Metaschoderite | Al2(PO4)(VO4) · 6H2O |
| 8.CE.70 | Schoderite | Al2(PO4)(VO4) · 8H2O |
| 8.CE.75 | Zigrasite | MgZr(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 8.CE.75 | 'UM2009-11-PO:CaHZr' | CaZr[PO4]2 · 4H2O |
| 8.CE.75 | Malhmoodite | FeZr(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 8.CE.80 | Santabarbaraite | Fe3+3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O |
| 8.CE.85 | Metaköttigite | (Zn,Fe,Fe)3(AsO4)2 · 8(H2O,OH) |
| 8.CE.90 | Slavkovite | Cu13(AsO4)6(AsO3OH)4 · 23H2O |
Fluorescence of Köttigite
not fluorescent
Other Information
Notes:
Soluble in acids.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Köttigite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2263.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Köttigite
Reference List:
Wolfe, C. W. (1940) Classification of minerals of the type A3(XO4)2·nH2O (concluded) American Mineralogist, 25 (12) 787-809 p.804
Cesbron, Fabien; Sichère, Marie-Claude; Vachey, Hélène (1977) Propriétés cristallographiques et comportement thermique des termes de la série koettigite-parasymplésite. Bulletin de Minéralogie, 100 (6). 310-314 doi:10.3406/bulmi.1977.7154
Hill, Roderick J. (1979) The crystal structure of köttigite. American Mineralogist, 64 (3-4) 376-382
Kusachi, Isao, Henmi, Chiyoko, Kishi, Shigetomo (1986) Legrandite and koettigite from the Ogibira mine, Okayama, Japan. Mineralogical Journal, 13 (3) 141-150 doi:10.2465/minerj.13.141
Yoshiasa, Akira, Miyano, Yumiko, Isobe, Hiroshi, Sugiyama, Kazumasa, Arima, Hiroshi, Nakatsuka, Akihiko, Momma, Koichi, Miyawaki, Ritsuro (2016) Structural refinement of köttigite–parasymplesite solid solution: Unique cation site occupancy and chemical bonding with water molecules. Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, 111 (5) 363-369 doi:10.2465/jmps.151207
Ciesielczuk, Justyna; Dulski, Mateusz; Janeczek, Janusz; Krzykawski, Tomasz; Kusz, Joachim; Szełęg, Eligiusz (2020) Crystal Chemistry of an Erythrite-Köttigite Solid Solution (Co3–xZnx)(AsO4)2·8H2O. Minerals, 10 (6). 548 doi:10.3390/min10060548
Majzlan, Juraj, Reichstein, Anna, Haase, Patrick, Števko, Martin, Sejkora, Jiří, Dachs, Edgar (2024) Thermodynamics of vivianite-group arsenates M3(AsO4)2 ⋅ 8H2O (M is Ni, Co, Mg, Zn, Cu) and chemical variability in the natural arsenates of this group. European Journal of Mineralogy, 36 (1). doi:10.5194/ejm-36-31-2024
Localities for Köttigite
Showing 84 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Birch (1999) |
| Museum Victoria collection (originally collected and analysed by Uwe Kolitsch) | |
| Muller (1972) +1 other reference |
| R Bottrill unpub data |
| Haupt et al. (1995) |
Austria | |
| Carinthia II (2017) |
| Gröbner et al. (2008) |
| Strasser (1989) |
| Niedermayr et al. (2009) | |
| Kolitsch (2021) |
Chile | |
| analysed material from a german Museum ... |
Czech Republic | |
| RÜSENBERG et al. (1996) |
| Ondruš et al. (1989) |
| Hloušek et al. (2002) |
| Lesenechal et al. (05/2023) | |
| Hloušek et al. (2002) +1 other reference | |
| Gramblička (n.d.) |
| Fiala V. (1977) | |
| Pauliš P. Nejzajímavější ... | |
| Gramblička (n.d.) |
| Sejkora (1998) |
France | |
| Georges FAVREAU collection & EDX ... |
| Pascal Chollet collection - SEM-EDS ... |
| Fourcault et al. (2018) |
| Favreau et al. (2024) |
| Valerie GALEA-CLOLUS collection +2 other references | |
Germany | |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Lapis (4) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Walenta (1994) +2 other references |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Norbert Stötzel material |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Gröbner (2007) |
| Schnorrer-Köhler (1988) +1 other reference |
| |
| Gröbner et al. (2011) |
| Weiß (1990) | |
| Schnorrer (1993) | |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Henrich et al. (2019) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Rolf Golze +3 other references |
| Blaß et al. (1995) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Der Aufschluss Vol.55 |
| Desor (04/2020) |
| Gröbner et al. (2007) |
| Gröbner et al. (2007) |
| Hajek (2010) |
| Dana 1850 +4 other references |
| Haake et al. (1994) |
Greece | |
| |
| Rieck (1999) | |
| |
Ireland | |
| Moreton et al. (2007) |
Italy | |
| Boscardin M. (1990) |
| Orlandi et al. (2005) |
| P.Stara |
| Stara P. (1996) | |
| - (n.d.) |
| Lecca et al. (2022) |
Japan | |
| Kusachi et al. (1986) |
Mexico | |
| Sturman (1976) +1 other reference |
| Moore (2008) | |
Morocco | |
| Favreau et al. (2006) |
| Favreau (2026) |
| Georges FAVREAU collection & EDX ... |
Namibia | |
| Gebhard (1999) |
Norway | |
| Kristiansen (2022) |
Poland | |
| SiudaR. et al. (2006) +6 other references |
Portugal | |
| Alves (n.d.) |
Russia | |
| Popov +1 other reference |
Slovakia | |
| Števko et al. (2016) |
Spain | |
| Rewitzer et al. (2020) |
| Calvo (2015) |
UK | |
| Steve Rust collection. |
| - (2006) |
USA | |
| Carnegie Museum of Natural History ... |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Dunn (1995) |
| Rick Dalrymple Collection |
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Ojuela Mine, Mapimí, Mapimí Municipality, Durango, Mexico