Bridgesite-(Ce)
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Bridgesite-(Ce)
Formula:
CaCe2Cu6(SO4)4(OH)12 · 8H2O
Colour:
blue
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
New structure type. Unique combination of elements.
Crystal structure details:
* 3 separate Cu sites, two of them with octahedral and one with square-pyramidal coordination;
* the octahedra share edges (|| b) to form chains;
* the linkages of the chais are provided by the square pyramids, thus comprising sheets || {100}; the latter are held together by interstitial REE3+, Ca2+, and hydrogen bonds;
* the sulfate tetrahedra decorate the sheets.
Crystal structure details:
* 3 separate Cu sites, two of them with octahedral and one with square-pyramidal coordination;
* the octahedra share edges (|| b) to form chains;
* the linkages of the chais are provided by the square pyramids, thus comprising sheets || {100}; the latter are held together by interstitial REE3+, Ca2+, and hydrogen bonds;
* the sulfate tetrahedra decorate the sheets.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
54033
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:54033:7
IMA Classification of Bridgesite-(Ce)
Approved
IMA Formula:
CaCe3+2Cu2+6(S6+O4)4(OH)12·8H2O
Classification of Bridgesite-(Ce)
7.DF.62
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
F : With large and medium-sized cations
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
F : With large and medium-sized cations
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Bdg-Ce | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Bridgesite-(Ce)
Transparency:
Translucent
Comment:
couldn't be determined due to crystal size
Colour:
Blue
Streak:
Pale blue
Comment:
couldn't be determined due to crystal size
Tenacity:
Brittle
Parting:
couldn't be determined due to crystal size
Fracture:
Splintery
Comment:
couldn't be measured due to crystal size
Optical Data of Bridgesite-(Ce)
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.526(2) nβ = 1.564(2) nγ = 1.572(2)
2V:
Calculated: 48.3°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.046
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Chemistry of Bridgesite-(Ce)
Mindat Formula:
CaCe2Cu6(SO4)4(OH)12 · 8H2O
Element Weights:
Chemical Analysis
Empirical formulas:
| Sample ID | Empirical Formula |
|---|---|
| 1 | Ca0.86REE1.99Al0.07Cu5.95(SO4)3.99(SiO4)0.05(PO4)0.02(OH)11.52 · 8H2O |
Sample references:
| ID | Locality | Reference | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tynebottom Mine, Garrigill, Alston Moor, Eden, Cumbria, England, UK | empirical formula basis: 44 negative charges; the below data [in wt.%] fulfills the requirement for the ideal formula |
Crystallography of Bridgesite-(Ce)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 24.801(5) Å, b = 6.352(1) Å, c = 11.245(2) Å
β = 114.51(3)°
β = 114.51(3)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 3.904 : 1 : 1.77
Unit Cell V:
1,611.86 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 6.376 Å | (99) |
| 6.131 Å | (51) |
| 4.116 Å | (55) |
| 3.187 Å | (65) |
| 2.822 Å | (52) |
| 2.764 Å | (98) |
| 2.698 Å | (94) |
| 2.503 Å | (41) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47b : [Sulfates and sulfites] |
Type Occurrence of Bridgesite-(Ce)
General Appearance of Type Material:
thin (1–2 μm) lath-like to acicular crystals, intergrown to comprise thin crusts; also intergrown with the associated minerals
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
mineralogical collections of the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom, registration number BM2007,81 (holotype), BM2007,82 and BM2007,83 (cotypes)
Geological Setting of Type Material:
secondary/weathering origin
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Other Language Names for Bridgesite-(Ce)
Dutch:Bridgesiet-(Ce)
German:Bridgesit-(Ce)
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 7.DF. | Siligiite | [Pb(H2O)5(SO4)][Zn9(OH)18] |
| 7.DF. | Alcaparrosaite | K3Ti4+Fe3+(SO4)4O(H2O)2 |
| 7.DF. | Flaggite | Pb4Cu2+4Te6+2(SO4)2O11(OH)2(H2O) |
| 7.DF. | Bairdite | Pb2Cu2+4Te6+2O10(OH)2(SO4) · H2O |
| 7.DF. | Tzeferisite | CaZn8(SO4)2(OH)12Cl2(H2O)9 |
| 7.DF. | Cherokeeite | [Pb2Zn(OH)4](SO4) · H2O |
| 7.DF. | Ammoniomathesiusite | (NH4)5(UO2)4(SO4)4(VO5) · 4H2O |
| 7.DF. | Sigogglinite | [Pb6Zn(OH)8]2(SO4)6 · (H2O)8-x |
| 7.DF.X | Blueridgeite | [Pb8Zn3Cu2+(OH)16](SO4)2(S2O3)2 · 2H2O |
| 7.DF. | Erssonite | Mg7Fe3+2(OH)18[Ca(H2O)6](SO4)2 · 12H2O |
| 7.DF. | Poellmannite | Ca6Al3(OH)18[Na(H2O)6](SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.DF. | Carlsonite | (NH4)5Fe3+3O(SO4)6 · 7H2O |
| 7.DF. | Cuprocherokeeite | [Pb8Zn3Cu2+(OH)16](SO4)4 · 4H2O |
| 7.DF. | Haywoodite | [Pb(H2O)10][Zn12(OH)20(H2O)(SO4)3] |
| 7.DF. | Chromschieffelinite | Pb10Te6+6O20(OH)14(CrO4)(H2O)5 |
| 7.DF.05 | Uklonskovite | NaMg(SO4)F · 2H2O |
| 7.DF.10 | Kainite | KMg(SO4)Cl · 3H2O |
| 7.DF.10 | Kaliochalcite | KCu2(SO4)2[(OH)(H2O)] |
| 7.DF.15 | Natrochalcite | NaCu2(SO4)2(OH) · 2H2O |
| 7.DF.17 | Genplesite | Ca3Sn(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 7.DF.17 | 'Unnamed (Ba-Sb Silicate-Sulphate-Hydroxide-Hydrate)' | Ba3Sb5+[(Si,S)O3(OH)]2(OH,O)6 · 3H2O |
| 7.DF.20 | Sideronatrite | Na2Fe(SO4)2(OH) · 3H2O |
| 7.DF.20 | Metasideronatrite | Na2Fe(SO4)2(OH) · H2O |
| 7.DF.25 | Fleischerite | Pb3Ge(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 7.DF.25 | Mallestigite | Pb3Sb5+(SO4)(AsO4)(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 7.DF.25 | Schaurteite | Ca3Ge(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O |
| 7.DF.25 | Despujolsite | Ca3Mn4+(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 7.DF.30 | Slavíkite | (H3O+)3Mg6Fe15(SO4)21(OH)18 · 98H2O |
| 7.DF.35 | Metavoltine | K2Na6Fe2+Fe3+6O2(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| 7.DF.40 | Lannonite | Mg2Ca4Al4(SO4)8F8 · 24H2O |
| 7.DF.40 | Vlodavetsite | AlCa2(SO4)2F2Cl · 4H2O |
| 7.DF.45 | Peretaite | Ca(SbO)4(SO4)2(OH)2 · 2H2O |
| 7.DF.50 | Gordaite | NaZn4(SO4)(OH)6Cl · 6H2O |
| 7.DF.50 | Calamaite | Na2TiO(SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 7.DF.52 | Huizingite-(Al) | [(NH4)9(SO4)2][(Al,Fe3+)3(OH)2(H2O)4(SO4)6] |
| 7.DF.52 | Scordariite | K8(Fe3+0.67◻0.33)[Fe3+3O(SO4)6]2 · 14H2O |
| 7.DF.55 | Clairite | (NH4)2Fe3(SO4)4(OH)3 · 3H2O |
| 7.DF.55 | Giacovazzoite | K5Fe3+3O(SO4)6 · 10H2O |
| 7.DF.57 | Magnanelliite | K3Fe3+2(SO4)4(OH)(H2O)2 |
| 7.DF.60 | Arzrunite | Cu4Pb2(SO4)(OH)4Cl6 · 2H2O (?) |
| 7.DF.60 | Evdokimovite | Tl4(VO)3(SO4)5(H2O)5 |
| 7.DF.65 | Elyite | Pb4Cu(SO4)O2(OH)4 · H2O |
| 7.DF.70 | Yecoraite | Fe3+3Bi5(Te6+O4)2(Te4+O3)O9 · 9H2O |
| 7.DF.70 | Lautenthalite | PbCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 7.DF.75 | Riomarinaite | Bi(SO4)(OH) · H2O |
| 7.DF.80 | Dukeite | Bi3+24Cr6+8O57(OH)6 · 3H2O |
Other Information
IR Spectrum:
spectrum is given
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Bridgesite-(Ce)
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-54033.html
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References for Bridgesite-(Ce)
Localities for Bridgesite-(Ce)
Showing 1 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
UK (TL) | |
| Miyawaki et al. (2019) +2 other references |
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Tynebottom Mine, Garrigill, Alston Moor, Eden, Cumbria, England, UK