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Kirchhoffite

A valid IMA mineral species

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Kirchhoffite, etc.

Dara-i-Pioz Massif, Districts of Republican Subordination, Tajikistan

Kirchhoffite, etc.

Dara-i-Pioz Massif, Districts of Republican Subordination, Tajikistan

Kirchhoffite, etc.

Dara-i-Pioz Massif, Districts of Republican Subordination, Tajikistan

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About KirchhoffiteHide

Gustav Kirchhoff

Formula:

Cs(BSi₂O₆)

Colour:

Colorless

Lustre:

Vitreous, Sub-Vitreous

Hardness:

6 - 6½

Specific Gravity:

3.622

Crystal System:

Tetragonal

Member of:

Zeolite Group

Name:

Named in 2010 by Atali A. Agakhanov, Leonid A. Pautov, Vladimir Yu. Karpenko, Elena Sokolova, and Frank C. Hawthorne in honor of Gustav Kirchhoff [b. March 12, 1824 in Königsberg, East Prussia (Germany), d. October 17, 1887 in Berlin, Germany] who was co-discoverer of cesium and who co-developed the field of chemical spectroscopy. Kirchhoff also developed, among many other discoveries, laws governing electrical circuits and proposed the fundamentals of what he termed "black body radiation."

Type Locality:

ⓘ Dara-i-Pioz Massif, Districts of Republican Subordination, Tajikistan

Boron analogue of tetragonal pollucite.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

40071

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:40071:0

IMA Classification of KirchhoffiteHide

IMA status:

Approved

IMA Formula:

CsBSi₂O₆

Approval year:

2009

First published:

2012

Type description reference:

Agakhanov, A. A., Pautov, L. A., Karpenko, V. Y., Sokolova, E., Hawthorne, F. C. (2012) Kirchhoffite, CsBSi₂O₆, a new mineral species from the Darai-Pioz alkaline massif, Tajikistan: description and crystal structure. The Canadian Mineralogist, 50 (2) 523-529 doi:10.3749/canmin.50.2.523

Classification of KirchhoffiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):

9.GB.05

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
G : Tektosilicates with zeolitic H₂O; zeolite family
B : Chains of single connected 4-membered rings

Dana 8th ed.:

77.1.1.8

77 : TECTOSILICATES Zeolites
1 : Zeolite group - True zeolites

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference for Standard
Khf	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of KirchhoffiteHide

Lustre:

Vitreous, Sub-Vitreous

Transparency:

Transparent

Colour:

Colorless

Hardness:

6 - 6½ on Mohs scale

Tenacity:

Brittle

Cleavage:

None Observed

Fracture:

Conchoidal

Density:

3.622 g/cm³ (Measured) 3.639 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of KirchhoffiteHide

Type:

Uniaxial (+)

RI values:

n_ω = 1.592(2) n_ε = 1.600(2)

Birefringence:

0.008

Max. Birefringence:

δ = 0.008
Based on recorded range of RI values above.

Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.

Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.

Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.

Thickness: 30 µm Order divisions

Rotation:

Surface Relief:

Moderate

Pleochroism:

Non-pleochroic

Chemistry of KirchhoffiteHide

Mindat Formula:

Cs(BSi₂O₆)

Element Weights:

Element	% weight
Cs	44.918 %
O	32.444 %
Si	18.984 %
B	3.654 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.

Elements listed:

B, Cs, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of KirchhoffiteHide

Crystal System:

Tetragonal

Class (H-M):

4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) - Ditetragonal Dipyramidal

Space Group:

I4₁/acd

Setting:

I4₁/acd

Cell Parameters:

a = 13.019(2) Å, c = 12.900(2) Å

Ratio:

a:c = 1 : 0.991

Unit Cell V:

2,186.48 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0019219	Kirchhoffite	Agakhanov A A, Pautov L A, Karpenko V Y, Sokolova E, Hawthorne F C (2012) Kirchhoffite, CsBSi2O6, a new mineral species from the Darai-Pioz Alkaline Massif,Tajikistan: Description and crystal structure The Canadian Mineralogist 50 523-529		2012	Upper Dara-Pioz alkaline massif, Garm district, Tajikistan	0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Kirchhoffite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Agakhanov A A'
'Pautov L A'
'Karpenko V Y'
'Sokolova E'
'Hawthorne F C'
_journal_name_full 'The Canadian Mineralogist'
_journal_volume 50 
_journal_year 2012
_journal_page_first 523
_journal_page_last 529
_publ_section_title
;
 Kirchhoffite, CsBSi2O6, a new mineral species from the
 Darai-Pioz Alkaline Massif,Tajikistan: Description and crystal structure
;
_database_code_amcsd 0019219
_chemical_compound_source 'Upper Dara-Pioz alkaline massif, Garm district, Tajikistan'
_chemical_formula_sum 'Cs B Si2 O6'
_cell_length_a 13.019
_cell_length_b 13.019
_cell_length_c 12.899
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 2186.308
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      3.596
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'I 41/a c d'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2+y,1/2+z'
  '1/4-y,3/4-x,3/4+z'
  '3/4-y,1/4-x,1/4+z'
  '1/4+y,3/4+x,3/4-z'
  '3/4+y,1/4+x,1/4-z'
  '1/4+y,3/4-x,1/4-z'
  '3/4+y,1/4-x,3/4-z'
  '1/4-y,3/4+x,1/4+z'
  '3/4-y,1/4+x,3/4+z'
  '1/2+x,-y,z'
  '+x,1/2-y,1/2+z'
  '1/2-x,y,-z'
  '-x,1/2+y,1/2-z'
  '1/2+x,y,1/2-z'
  '+x,1/2+y,-z'
  '1/2-x,-y,1/2+z'
  '-x,1/2-y,+z'
  '1/4+y,1/4+x,1/4+z'
  '3/4+y,3/4+x,3/4+z'
  '1/4-y,1/4-x,1/4-z'
  '3/4-y,3/4-x,3/4-z'
  '1/4-y,1/4+x,3/4-z'
  '3/4-y,3/4+x,1/4-z'
  '1/4+y,1/4-x,3/4+z'
  '3/4+y,3/4-x,1/4+z'
  '-x,y,1/2+z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+y,+z'
  'x,-y,1/2-z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,-z'
  '-x,-y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2-y,1/2-z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
Cs   0.12323   0.37323   0.12500   0.01930
B   0.33620   0.58620   0.12500   0.00800
Si   0.09119   0.11581   0.33656   0.00880
O1   0.12960   0.14680   0.03630   0.01640
O2   0.13820   0.21910   0.39000   0.01810
O3   0.27400   0.10180   0.14480   0.01510
loop_
_atom_site_aniso_label
_atom_site_aniso_U_11
_atom_site_aniso_U_22
_atom_site_aniso_U_33
_atom_site_aniso_U_12
_atom_site_aniso_U_13
_atom_site_aniso_U_23
Cs 0.02010 0.02010 0.01760 -0.00090 0.00231 -0.00231
B 0.01000 0.01000 0.00400 -0.00500 0.00300 -0.00300
Si 0.00960 0.00730 0.00940 0.00050 0.00020 -0.00120
O1 0.02000 0.01500 0.01500 0.00160 -0.00090 0.00340
O2 0.02300 0.01000 0.02100 -0.00080 -0.00200 -0.00540
O3 0.01100 0.02100 0.01300 -0.00450 -0.00170 0.00290

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
5.32 Å	(32)
3.48 Å	(82)
3.26 Å	(100)
2.770 Å	(67)
2.373 Å	(21)
2.294 Å	(41)
2.109 Å	(34)
1.768 Å	(22)

Locality:

Dara-i-Pioz Massif, Districts of Republican Subordination, Tajikistan

Reference:

Comments:

The crystal structure of kirchhoffite was refined to an R1 index of 3.1% based on 487 observed reflections collected on a four-circle diffractometer with MoKα X-radiation. In the structure, there are two tetrahedrally coordinated sites: Si is occupied by silicon, Si–O = 1.610 Å, B is occupied by boron, B–O = 1.465 Å, and Cs is [12]-coordinated, Cs–O = 3.301 Å. Tetrahedra form a [BSi2O6] framework, the topology of which is identical to that of tetragonal pollucite, CsAlSi2O6. The [12]-coordinated Cs atoms occupy the channels along [111] formed by six-membered rings of tetrahedra. Kirchhoffite, CsBSi2O6, is a B analogue of the tetragonal modification of pollucite.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks	>3.0
34 : Complex granite pegmatites

Type Occurrence of KirchhoffiteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Dara-i-Pioz Massif, Districts of Republican Subordination, Tajikistan

General Appearance of Type Material:

Occurs as colorless equant grains 10 to 80 μm in diameter

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Moscow, russia, reg. no. 3923/1

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Aegirine	Baratovite	Fluorite	Leucosphenite	Neptunite
Pectolite	Polylithionite	Pyrochlore Group	Quartz	Reedmergnerite

Reference:

Synonyms of KirchhoffiteHide

IMA2009-094

Other Language Names for KirchhoffiteHide

Dutch:Kirchhoffiet

German:Kirchhoffit

Spanish:Kirchhoffita

Relationship of Kirchhoffite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Zeolite Group

Other Members of Zeolite Group:

Alflarsenite	NaCa₂Be₃Si₄O₁₃(OH) · 2H₂O	Mon. 2 : P2₁
Amicite	K₂Na₂Al₄Si₄O₁₆ · 5H₂O	Mon. 2
Ammonioleucite	(NH₄)(AlSi₂O₆)	Tet. 4/m : I4₁/a
Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O	Tric. 1 : P1
Arzamastsevite	K₆Al₅Si₆O₂₀(OH)₄Cl	Tet. 42m : I42m
Bellbergite	(K,Ba,Sr)₂Sr₂Ca₂(Ca,Na)₄[Al₃Si₃O₁₂]₆ · 30H₂O	Hex.
Bikitaite	LiAlSi₂O₆ · H₂O	Tric. 1 : P1
Boggsite	Ca₈Na₃(Si,Al)₉₆O₁₉₂ · 70H₂O	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Imma
Brewsterite Subgroup	Zeolite Group.
Chabazite-Levyne Subgroup	M[Al₂Si₄O₁₂] · 6H₂O
Chiavennite	CaMnBe₂Si₅O₁₃(OH)₂ · 2H₂O	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
Clinoptilolite Subgroup	(Na/Ca/K)_3-6[Al_6-7Si_29-30O₇₂] · 20H₂O
Cowlesite	CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 6H₂O	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
Dachiardite Subgroup	Zeolite Group.
Direnzoite	NaK₆MgCa₂(Al₁₃Si₄₇O₁₂₀) · 36H₂O	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pmmn
Edingtonite	Ba[Al₂Si₃O₁₀] · 4H₂O	Orth. 222 : P2₁2₁2₁
Epistilbite	CaAl₂Si₆O₁₆ · 5H₂O	Mon.
Erionite Subgroup	M₂[Al₄Si₁₄O₃₆] · 15H₂O
Fabrièsite	Na₃Al₃Si₃O₁₂ · 2H₂O	Orth. mm2 : Pmm2
Faujasite Subgroup	M_3.5[Al₇Si₁₇O₄₈] · 32H₂O
Ferrierite Subgroup	Name used for unanalysed specimens that could be either ferrierite-K, ferrierite-Mg, ...
Ferrochiavennite	Ca_1-2Fe[(Si,Al,Be)₅Be₂O₁₃(OH)₂] · 2H₂O	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
Flörkeite	(K₃Ca₂Na)[Al₈Si₈O₃₂] · 12H₂O	Tric. 1 : P1
Garronite Subgroup
Gaultite	Na₄Zn₂Si₇O₁₈ · 5H₂O	Orth. mm2 : Fdd2
Gismondine Subgroup	Zeolite Group.
Gmelinite Subgroup	In 1997, gmelinite was split into Gmelinite-Ca, Gmelinite-Na and Gmelinite-K.
Gobbinsite	Na₅(Si₁₁Al₅)O₃₂ · 11H₂O	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
Goosecreekite	Ca[Al₂Si₆O₁₆] · 5H₂O	Mon. 2 : P2₁
Gottardiite	Na₃Mg₃Ca₅Al₁₉Si₁₁₇O₂₇₂ · 93H₂O	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmca
Heulandite Subgroup	(Na/Ca/K)_5-6[Al_8-9 Si_27-28 O₇₂] · nH₂O
Hsianghualite	Ca₃Li₂(Be₃Si₃O₁₂)F₂	Iso. 23 : I2₁3
Kalborsite	K₆Al₄BSi₆O₂₀(OH)₄Cl	Tet. 42m : P42₁c
Laumontite	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
Leucite	K(AlSi₂O₆)	Tet. 4/m : I4₁/a
Limousinite	BaCa[Be₄P₄O₁₆] · 6H₂O	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
Lithosite	K₆Al₄Si₈O₂₅ · 2H₂O	Mon.
Loomisite	Ba[Be₂P₂O₈] · H₂O	Mon. m
Lovdarite	K₂Na₆Be₄Si₁₄O₃₆ · 9H₂O	Orth. mm2
Maricopaite	Pb₇Ca₂(Si,Al)₄₈O₁₀₀ · 32H₂O	Orth.
Martinandresite	Ba₂(Al₄Si₁₂O₃₂) · 10H₂O	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pmmn
Mazzite Subgroup	Zeolite Group.
Meierite	Ba₄₄Si₆₆Al₃₀O₁₉₂Cl₂₅(OH)₃₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Im3m
Merlinoite	K₅Ca₂(Si₂₃Al₉)O₆₄ · 24H₂O	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Immm
Montesommaite	(K,Na)₉Al₉Si₂₃O₆₄ · 10H₂O	Orth. mm2 : Fdd2
Mordenite	(Na₂,Ca,K₂)₄(Al₈Si₄₀)O₉₆ · 28H₂O	Orth.
Mountainite	KNa₂Ca₂[Si₈O₁₉(OH)] · 6H₂O	Mon. 2/m : P2/b
Mutinaite	Na₃Ca₄Si₈₅Al₁₁O₁₉₂ · 60H₂O	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
Nabesite	Na₂BeSi₄O₁₀ · 4H₂O	Orth. 222 : P2₁2₁2₁
Natrolite Subgroup	A subgroup of the Zeolite Group.
Offretite	KCaMg(Si₁₃Al₅)O₃₆ · 15H₂O	Hex. 6m2 : P6m2
Pahasapaite	Li₈(Ca,Li,K)_10.5Be₂₄(PO₄)₂₄ · 38H₂O	Iso. 23 : I23
Parthéite	Ca₂(Si₄Al₄) O₁₅ (OH)₂ · 4H₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
Paulingite Subgroup	Paulingite was originally described in 1960.
Perlialite	K₉Na(Ca,Sr)[Al₂Si₄O₁₂]₆ · 15H₂O	Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mmm
Phillipsite Subgroup	(Ca_0.5,K,Na,Ba_0.5)_4-7[Al_4-7Si_12-9O₃₂] ^. 12H₂O
Pollucite	(Cs,Na)₂(Al₂Si₄O₁₂) · 2H₂O	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
Roggianite	Ca₂Be(OH)₂Al₂Si₄O₁₃ · 2.5H₂O	Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mcm
Rongibbsite	Pb₂(Si₄Al)O₁₁(OH)	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
Stilbite Subgroup	M_6-7[Al_8-9Si_27-28O₇₂] · nH₂O
Terranovaite	(Na,Ca)₈(Si₆₈Al₁₂)O₁₆₀ · 29H₂O	Orth.
Thomsonite Subgroup	The large majority of "thomsonite" is thomsonite-Ca.
Thornasite	Na₁₂Th⁴⁺₃(Si₈O₁₉)₄ · 18H₂O	Trig. 3m : R3m
Tschernichite	(Ca,Na₂)[Al₂Si₄O₁₂] · 4-8H₂O	Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/mmm
Tschörtnerite	Ca₄(Ca,Sr,K,Ba)₃Cu₃[Al₃Si₃O₁₂]₄(OH)₈ · nH₂O	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m
'UM1996-38-SiO:AlCaHNa'	Na-Ca-Al-Si-O-H
'UM1999-33-SiO:AlHKNa'	K₇Na₅Al₁₂Si₂₀O₆₄ · 24H₂O
'UM2002-40-SiO:AlCaHKMgNa'	(Mg,Ca,Na,K)_7.5(Al_12.8Si_51.2)O₁₂₈ · 65H₂O	Tet. 422 : P4₁22
'Unnamed (Ca analogue of Merlinoite)'	(Ca,K,Na)₅(Ca,Ba)₂Al₉Si₂₃O₆₄ · 23H₂O ?
Wairakite	Ca(Al₂Si₄O₁₂) · 2H₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
Weinebeneite	CaBe₃(PO₄)₂(OH)₂ · 4H₂O	Mon. m : Bb
Wenkite	(Ba,K)₄(Ca,Na)₆[(Si,Al)₂₀O₃₉(OH)₂](SO₄)₃ · 0.5H₂O	Hex. 6m2 : P62m
Wilancookite	(Ba₅Li₂◻)Ba₆Be₂₄P₂₄O₉₆ · 26H₂O	Iso. 23 : I23
Willhendersonite	KCa[Al₃Si₃O₁₂] · 5H₂O	Tric. 1 : P1
Yugawaralite	CaAl₂Si₆O₁₆ · 4H₂O	Mon. m : Pb

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:

1 photo of Kirchhoffite associated with Pectolite	NaCa₂Si₃O₈(OH)
1 photo of Kirchhoffite associated with Quartz	SiO₂

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

9.GB.05	Fabrièsite	Na₃Al₃Si₃O₁₂ · 2H₂O	Orth. mm2 : Pmm2
9.GB.05	Lithosite	K₆Al₄Si₈O₂₅ · 2H₂O	Mon.
9.GB.05	Wairakite	Ca(Al₂Si₄O₁₂) · 2H₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.GB.05	Hsianghualite	Ca₃Li₂(Be₃Si₃O₁₂)F₂	Iso. 23 : I2₁3
9.GB.05	Leucite	K(AlSi₂O₆)	Tet. 4/m : I4₁/a
9.GB.05	Pollucite	(Cs,Na)₂(Al₂Si₄O₁₂) · 2H₂O	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
9.GB.05	Ammonioleucite	(NH₄)(AlSi₂O₆)	Tet. 4/m : I4₁/a
9.GB.05	Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O	Tric. 1 : P1
9.GB.10	Laumontite	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.GB.15	Yugawaralite	CaAl₂Si₆O₁₆ · 4H₂O	Mon. m : Pb
9.GB.20	Roggianite	Ca₂Be(OH)₂Al₂Si₄O₁₃ · 2.5H₂O	Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mcm
9.GB.25	Goosecreekite	Ca[Al₂Si₆O₁₆] · 5H₂O	Mon. 2 : P2₁
9.GB.30	Montesommaite	(K,Na)₉Al₉Si₂₃O₆₄ · 10H₂O	Orth. mm2 : Fdd2
9.GB.35	Parthéite	Ca₂(Si₄Al₄) O₁₅ (OH)₂ · 4H₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/b

Fluorescence of KirchhoffiteHide

In UV light:

Not fluorescent

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for KirchhoffiteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-40071.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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External Links:

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

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References for KirchhoffiteHide

Reference List:

Williams, P. A., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. (2010) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2010, CNMNC Newsletter No 2. Mineralogical Magazine, 74 (2) 375-377 doi:10.1180/s0026461x00056036

Belakovskiy, D., Cámara, F., Diego Gatta, G. (2014) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 99: 870-875.

(2014) Kirchhoffite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for KirchhoffiteHide

Showing 1 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.

Tajikistan (TL)

Districts of Republican Subordination

ⓘ Dara-i-Pioz Massif (TL)

Williams et al. (2010) +4 other references

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Kirchhoffite

About KirchhoffiteHide

Unique IdentifiersHide

IMA Classification of KirchhoffiteHide

Classification of KirchhoffiteHide

Mineral SymbolsHide

Physical Properties of KirchhoffiteHide

Optical Data of KirchhoffiteHide

Chemistry of KirchhoffiteHide

Crystallography of KirchhoffiteHide

Crystal StructureHide

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Geological EnvironmentHide

Type Occurrence of KirchhoffiteHide

Synonyms of KirchhoffiteHide

Other Language Names for KirchhoffiteHide

Relationship of Kirchhoffite to other SpeciesHide

Common AssociatesHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

Fluorescence of KirchhoffiteHide

Other InformationHide

Internet Links for KirchhoffiteHide

References for KirchhoffiteHide

Localities for KirchhoffiteHide

Locality ListHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide