Noonkanbahite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Noonkanbahite
Formula:
BaKNaTi2(Si4O12)O2
Colour:
Pinkish orange, brownish yellow, brown
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
6
Specific Gravity:
3.39
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
Named for the Noonkanbah sheep station, Australia, from where Prider (1965) had described a mineral of similar composition which was later discredited. The current authors of the (revalidated) mineral decided to keep the old name rather than rename it for the new type locality.
Co-Type Localities:
Isostructural with:
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
39304
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:39304:9
IMA Classification of Noonkanbahite
Approved
IMA Formula:
KNaBaTi4+2(Si4O12)O2
Approval year:
2009
First published:
1965
Type description reference:
Classification of Noonkanbahite
9.DH.20
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
H : Inosilicates with 4-periodic single chains, Si4O12
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
H : Inosilicates with 4-periodic single chains, Si4O12
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Noo | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Noonkanbahite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Pinkish orange, brownish yellow, brown
Hardness:
6 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Poor/Indistinct
On {010} and {100}
On {010} and {100}
Parting:
Weak on {011}
Density:
3.39(1) g/cm3 (Measured) 3.49 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Noonkanbahite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.730(5) nβ = 1.740(5) nγ = 1.765(5)
2V:
Measured: 75° (2), Calculated: 72.7°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.035
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
Medium, r
Optical Extinction:
X = a, Y = b, Z = c.
Pleochroism:
Strong
Comments:
X = colorless, Y = yellowish, Z = straw-yellow.
Chemistry of Noonkanbahite
Mindat Formula:
BaKNaTi2(Si4O12)O2
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Noonkanbahite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm(2/m2/m2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Imma
Setting:
Imma
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.0884(4) Å, b = 10.497(5) Å, c = 13.9372(6) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.771 : 1 : 1.328
Unit Cell V:
1,183.32 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2.907 Å | (100) |
| 8.353 Å | (70) |
| 3.196 Å | (50) |
| 2.097 Å | (50) |
| 2.241 Å | (40) |
| 2.179 Å | (40) |
| 3.377 Å | (30) |
Comments:
Liley, Eifel Mountains, Germany. Data from Uvarova et al. (2010).
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 3a: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust | >4.50 |
| 7 : Ultramafic igneous rocks |
Type Occurrence of Noonkanbahite
Co-Type Localities:
General Appearance of Type Material:
Sprays of prismatic crystals (up to 8 mm), free-standing single prismatic crystals (up to 4 mm) on walls of numerous cavities, or occurs as anhedral grains up to 1 cm.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Royal Ontario Museum (Department of Earth Sciences), Toronto, Ontario, Canada, catalogue# M54065.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Cavities in igneous alkaline rocks.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Noonkanbahite
Other Language Names for Noonkanbahite
Dutch:Noonkanbahiet
German:Noonkanbahit
Relationship of Noonkanbahite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Batisite Group:
| Batisite | BaNaNaTi2(Si4O12)O2 | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Imma |
| Shcherbakovite | (K,Ba)KNa(Ti,Nb)2(Si4O12)O2 | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Imma |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 8 photos of Noonkanbahite associated with Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| 4 photos of Noonkanbahite associated with Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| 2 photos of Noonkanbahite associated with Kalsilite | KAlSiO4 |
| 1 photo of Noonkanbahite associated with Schüllerite | Ba2Na(Mn,Ca)(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)2Ti2(Si2O7)2(O,F)4 |
| 1 photo of Noonkanbahite associated with Pyroxene Group | ADSi2O6 |
| 1 photo of Noonkanbahite associated with Sanidine | K(AlSi3O8) |
| 1 photo of Noonkanbahite associated with Perovskite | CaTiO3 |
| 1 photo of Noonkanbahite associated with Potassic-jeanlouisite | K(NaCa)(Mg4Ti)Si8O22O2 |
| 1 photo of Noonkanbahite associated with Leucite | K(AlSi2O6) |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.DH. | Devilliersite | Ca4Ca2Fe3+10O4[(Fe3+10Si2)O36] |
| 9.DH. | 'Gageite-2M' | (Mn,Mg,Zn)42Si16O54(OH)40 |
| 9.DH. | Bavsiite | Ba2V2O2[Si4O12] |
| 9.DH. | Yuzuxiangite | Sr3Fe3+(Si2O6)2(OH) · 3H2O |
| 9.DH. | Louisfuchsite | Ca2(Mg4Ti2)(Al4Si2)O20 |
| 9.DH.05 | Leucophanite | NaCaBeSi2O6F |
| 9.DH.10 | Ohmilite | Sr3(Ti,Fe3+)(Si4O12)(O,OH) · 2-3H2O |
| 9.DH.15 | Haradaite | SrVSi2O7 |
| 9.DH.15 | Suzukiite | BaVSi2O7 |
| 9.DH.20 | Shcherbakovite | (K,Ba)KNa(Ti,Nb)2(Si4O12)O2 |
| 9.DH.20 | Batisite | BaNaNaTi2(Si4O12)O2 |
| 9.DH.25 | Taikanite | Sr3BaMn2+2(Si4O12)O2 |
| 9.DH.30 | Krauskopfite | BaSi2O5 · 3H2O |
| 9.DH.35 | Gageite | Mn21(Si4O12)2O3(OH)20 |
| 9.DH.35 | Balangeroite | (Mg,Fe2+,Fe3+,Mn2+)42Si16O54(OH)40 |
| 9.DH.40 | Kuratite | Ca2(Fe2+5Ti)O2[Si4Al2O18] |
| 9.DH.40 | Aenigmatite | Na4[Fe2+10Ti2]O4[Si12O36] |
| 9.DH.40 | Dorrite | Ca4(Mg3Fe3+9)O4(Si3Al8Fe3+O36) |
| 9.DH.40 | Serendibite | Ca4[Mg6Al6]O4[Si6B3Al3O36] |
| 9.DH.40 | Rhönite | Ca4[Mg8Fe3+2Ti2]O4[Si6Al6O36] |
| 9.DH.40 | Khesinite | Ca4(Mg3Fe3+9)O4(Fe3+9Si3)O36 |
| 9.DH.40 | 'UM1991-29-SiO:FeMgNa' | Na4(Mg5Fe3+7)O4[Si9Fe3+3O36] |
| 9.DH.40 | Høgtuvaite | Ca4[Fe2+6Fe3+6]O4[Si8Be2Al2O36] |
| 9.DH.40 | 'Leucorhönite' | Ca2(Mg,Fe3+,Al)6(Si,Al)6O20 |
| 9.DH.40 | Welshite | Ca4Mg9Sb3O4[Si6Be3AlFe2O36] |
| 9.DH.40 | Wilkinsonite | Na2Fe2+4Fe3+2(Si6O18)O2 |
| 9.DH.40 | Krinovite | Na2Mg4Cr3+2(Si6O18)O2 |
| 9.DH.40 | Makarochkinite | (Ca,Na)4[Fe2+8Fe3+2Ti2]O4[Si8Be2Al2O36] |
| 9.DH.45 | Sapphirine | Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36] |
| 9.DH.50 | Khmaralite | (Mg,Al,Fe)16[(Al,Si,Be)12O36]O4 |
| 9.DH.55 | 'UM1988-26-SiO:AlMg' | Mg4Al2O[Si3Al2O15] |
| 9.DH.55 | Surinamite | (Mg,Fe)3Al4BeSi3O16 |
| 9.DH.60 | Deerite | Fe2+6Fe3+3(Si6O17)O3(OH)5 |
| 9.DH.65 | Taneyamalite | (Na,Ca)Mn2+12(Si,Al)12(O,OH)44 |
| 9.DH.65 | Howieite | Na(Fe2+,Fe3+,Al,Mg)12(Si6O17)2(O,OH)10 |
| 9.DH.70 | Johninnesite | Na2Mn2+9Mg7(OH)8[AsO4]2[Si6O17]2 |
| 9.DH.75 | Agrellite | NaCa2Si4O10F |
Radioactivity
Radioactivity:
| Element | % Content | Activity (Bq/kg) | Radiation Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Uranium (U) | 0.0000% | 0 | α, β, γ |
| Thorium (Th) | 0.0000% | 0 | α, β, γ |
| Potassium (K) | 6.1915% | 1,919 | β, γ |
For comparison:
- Banana: ~15 Bq per fruit
- Granite: 1,000–3,000 Bq/kg
- EU exemption limit: 10,000 Bq/kg
Note: Risk is shown relative to daily recommended maximum exposure to non-background radiation of 1000 µSv/year. Note that natural background radiation averages around 2400 µSv/year so in reality these risks are probably extremely overstated! With infrequent handling and safe storage natural radioactive minerals do not usually pose much risk.
Interactive Simulator:
Note: The mass selector refers to the mass of radioactive mineral present, not the full specimen, also be aware that the matrix may also be radioactive, possibly more radioactive than this mineral!
Activity: –
| Distance | Dose rate | Risk |
|---|---|---|
| 1 cm | ||
| 10 cm | ||
| 1 m |
The external dose rate (D) from a radioactive mineral is estimated by summing the gamma radiation contributions from its Uranium, Thorium, and Potassium content, disregarding daughter-product which may have a significant effect in some cases (eg 'pitchblende'). This involves multiplying the activity (A, in Bq) of each element by its specific gamma ray constant (Γ), which accounts for its unique gamma emissions. The total unshielded dose at 1 cm is then scaled by the square of the distance (r, in cm) and multiplied by a shielding factor (μshield). This calculation provides a 'worst-case' or 'maximum risk' estimate because it assumes the sample is a point source and entirely neglects any self-shielding where radiation is absorbed within the mineral itself, meaning actual doses will typically be lower. The resulting dose rate (D) is expressed in microsieverts per hour (μSv/h).
D = ((AU × ΓU) + (ATh × ΓTh) + (AK × ΓK)) / r2 × μshield
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Noonkanbahite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-39304.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Noonkanbahite
Reference List:
Prider, Rex T. (1965) Noonkanbahite, a potassic batisite from the lamproites of Western Australia. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 34 (268). 403-405 doi:10.1180/minmag.1965.034.268.35
Uvarova, Y. A., Sokolova, E., Hawthorne, F. C., Liferovich, R. P., Mitchell, R. H., Pekov, I. V., Zadov, A. E. (2010) Noonkanbahite, BaKNaTi2(Si4O12)O2, a new mineral species: description and crystal structure. Mineralogical Magazine, 74 (3) 441-450 doi:10.1180/minmag.2010.074.3.441
Localities for Noonkanbahite
Showing 8 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Prider (1965) +1 other reference |
Germany | |
| Skrzyńska et al. (2023) |
| Uvarova et al. (2010) |
| Christophe Boutry collection |
Russia (TL) | |
| Uvarova et al. (2010) |
USA | |
| Mitchell et al. (1991) |
| Mitchell (1990) | |
| Mitchell (1990) |
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Tausonitovaya Gorka, Ditmar stream, Murunskii Massif, Chara and Tokko Rivers Confluence, Aldan Shield, Russia