Argutite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Argutite
Formula:
GeO2
Hardness:
6 - 7
Specific Gravity:
6.28 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Member of:
Name:
Named after the type locality.
Type Locality:
Dimorph of:
Isostructural with:
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
330
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:330:4
Similar Names
IMA Classification of Argutite
Approved
Approval year:
1980
First published:
1983
Type description reference:
Johan, Z.; Oudin, E.; Picot, P. (1983) Analogues germanifères et gallifères des silicates et oxydes dans les gisements de zinc des Pyrénées centrales, France; argutite et carboirite, deux nouvelles espèces minérales [Germanium and gallium analogs of silicates and oxides from zinc deposits of the French central Pyrenees; argutite and carboirite, two new mineral species]. TMPM Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 31 (1). 97-119 doi:10.1007/bf01084764
Classification of Argutite
4.DB.05
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
B : With medium-sized cations; chains of edge-sharing octahedra
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
B : With medium-sized cations; chains of edge-sharing octahedra
4.4.1.7
4 : SIMPLE OXIDES
4 : AX2
4 : SIMPLE OXIDES
4 : AX2
7.11.14
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
11 : Oxides of Sn and Pb
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
11 : Oxides of Sn and Pb
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Agt | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Agt | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Argutite
Optical Data of Argutite
Type:
Uniaxial
Anisotropism:
Distinct
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 (%) |
|---|---|
| 400nm | 14.8% |
| 420nm | 13.7% |
| 440nm | 12.6% |
| 460nm | 11.6% |
| 480nm | 11.2% |
| 500nm | 11.0% |
| 520nm | 11.0% |
| 540nm | 11.0% |
| 560nm | 11.0% |
| 580nm | 10.9% |
| 600nm | 10.9% |
| 620nm | 10.9% |
| 640nm | 10.9% |
| 660nm | 10.9% |
| 680nm | 11.0% |
| 700nm | 11.0% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 14.8%.
Colour in reflected light:
Light grey; dark gray in oil.
Internal Reflections:
Frequent white to brownish internal reflections (the brown color likely due to enclosing sphalerite).
Comments:
The optical properties are very close to those of cassiterite.
Chemistry of Argutite
Mindat Formula:
GeO2
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Zn,Mn,Fe
Crystallography of Argutite
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) - Ditetragonal Dipyramidal
Space Group:
P42/mnm
Cell Parameters:
a = 4.3975 Å, c = 2.8625 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 0.651
Unit Cell V:
55.36 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Crystals are showing {111}, {100} and {101}
Twinning:
Occasionally, on {101}
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0010475 | Argutite | Rosales I, Juarez-Arellano E A, Magana C R, Bucio L, Orozco E (2007) Incorporation of vanadium(V) into the rutile-type phase of GeO2: the solid solution Ge0.74V0.21[box]0.05O2 Acta Crystallographica E63 i99-i101 |  | 2007 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0019240 | Argutite | Bolzan A A, Fong C, Kennedy B J, Howard C J (1997) Structural studies of rutile-type metal dioxides Acta Crystallographica B53 373-380 | | 1997 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0009405 | Argutite | Baur W H, Khan A A (1971) Rutile-type compounds. VI. SiO2, GeO2 and a comparison with other rutile-type structures Acta Crystallographica B27 2133-2139 | | 1971 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0008431 | Argutite | Haines J, Leger J M, Chateau C, Pereira A S (2000) Structural evolution of rutile-type and CaCl2-type germanium dioxide at high pressure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 27 575-582 | 2000 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0011759 | Argutite | Wyckoff R W G (1963) Second edition. Interscience Publishers, New York, New York Rutile structure Crystal Structures 1 239-444 | 1963 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0009164 | Argutite | Baur W H (1956) Uber die verfeinerung der kristallstrukturbestimmung einiger vertreter des rutiltyps: TiO2, SnO2, GeO2 und MgF2 Acta Crystallographica 9 515-520 | | 1956 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0008432 | Argutite | Haines J, Leger J M, Chateau C, Pereira A S (2000) Structural evolution of rutile-type and CaCl2-type germanium dioxide at high pressure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 27 575-582 | 2000 | 4.2 | 293 | ||
| 0008433 | Argutite | Haines J, Leger J M, Chateau C, Pereira A S (2000) Structural evolution of rutile-type and CaCl2-type germanium dioxide at high pressure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 27 575-582 | 2000 | 6.2 | 293 | ||
| 0008434 | Argutite | Haines J, Leger J M, Chateau C, Pereira A S (2000) Structural evolution of rutile-type and CaCl2-type germanium dioxide at high pressure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 27 575-582 | 2000 | 8.9 | 293 | ||
| 0008435 | Argutite | Haines J, Leger J M, Chateau C, Pereira A S (2000) Structural evolution of rutile-type and CaCl2-type germanium dioxide at high pressure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 27 575-582 | 2000 | 10.4 | 293 | ||
| 0008436 | Argutite | Haines J, Leger J M, Chateau C, Pereira A S (2000) Structural evolution of rutile-type and CaCl2-type germanium dioxide at high pressure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 27 575-582 | 2000 | 10.5 | 293 | ||
| 0008437 | Argutite | Haines J, Leger J M, Chateau C, Pereira A S (2000) Structural evolution of rutile-type and CaCl2-type germanium dioxide at high pressure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 27 575-582 | 2000 | 16.1 | 293 | ||
| 0008438 | Argutite | Haines J, Leger J M, Chateau C, Pereira A S (2000) Structural evolution of rutile-type and CaCl2-type germanium dioxide at high pressure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 27 575-582 | 2000 | 20.3 | 293 | ||
| 0008439 | Argutite | Haines J, Leger J M, Chateau C, Pereira A S (2000) Structural evolution of rutile-type and CaCl2-type germanium dioxide at high pressure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 27 575-582 | 2000 | 25 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.11 Å | (100) |
| 2.399 Å | (60) |
| 1.620 Å | (50) |
| 1.3045 Å | (20) |
| 1.5546 Å | (18) |
| 1.3004 Å | (18) |
| 2.199 Å | (16) |
Reference:
Johan, Z.; Oudin, E.; Picot, P. (1983) Analogues germanifères et gallifères des silicates et oxydes dans les gisements de zinc des Pyrénées centrales, France; argutite et carboirite, deux nouvelles espèces minérales [Germanium and gallium analogs of silicates and oxides from zinc deposits of the French central Pyrenees; argutite and carboirite, two new mineral species]. TMPM Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 31 (1). 97-119 doi:10.1007/bf01084764
Comments:
Recorded on material from the type locality
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits |
Type Occurrence of Argutite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Subhedral crystals to 20 µm, included in sphalerite.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, Paris, France, number 54619.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
In a zinc deposit formed in metamorphosed lower Paleozoic sediments.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Johan, Z.; Oudin, E.; Picot, P. (1983) Analogues germanifères et gallifères des silicates et oxydes dans les gisements de zinc des Pyrénées centrales, France; argutite et carboirite, deux nouvelles espèces minérales [Germanium and gallium analogs of silicates and oxides from zinc deposits of the French central Pyrenees; argutite and carboirite, two new mineral species]. TMPM Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 31 (1). 97-119 doi:10.1007/bf01084764
Synonyms of Argutite
Other Language Names for Argutite
Relationship of Argutite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Rutile Group:
| Cassiterite | SnO2 | Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P42/mnm |
| Paratellurite | TeO2 | Tet. 422 |
| Plattnerite | PbO2 | Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P42/mnm |
| Pyrolusite | Mn4+O2 | Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P42/mnm |
| Rutile | TiO2 | Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P42/mnm |
| Tripuhyite | Fe3+Sb5+O4 | Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P42/mnm |
| 'UM2000-35-O:FeNbScTaTi' | (Sc,Fe2+,Fe3+,Mn)(Ti,Sn,Zr)1.5(Nb,Ta,W)1.33O8 |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 7 photos of Argutite associated with Sphalerite | ZnS |
| 5 photos of Argutite associated with Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| 5 photos of Argutite associated with Tennantite-(Zn) | Cu6(Cu4Zn2)As4S12S |
| 1 photo of Argutite associated with Brunogeierite | Ge4+Fe2+2O4 |
| 1 photo of Argutite associated with Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| 1 photo of Argutite associated with Germanite | Cu13Fe2Ge2S16 |
| 1 photo of Argutite associated with Pyrite | FeS2 |
| 1 photo of Argutite associated with Renierite | (Cu+,Zn)11Fe4(Ge4+,As5+)2S16 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 4.DB. | Tianhongqiite | CrTiO3(OH) |
| 4.DB. | Nioboheftetjernite | ScNbO4 |
| 4.DB. | Huangshanite | Fe3+TaO4 |
| 4.DB. | Nioboixiolite-(Mn2+) | (Nb0.67Mn2+0.33)O2 |
| 4.DB. | Shakhdaraite-(Y) | ScYNb2O8 |
| 4.DB.05 | Varlamoffite | Sn1-xFexO2-x(OH) |
| 4.DB.05 | Cassiterite | SnO2 |
| 4.DB.05 | Rutile | TiO2 |
| 4.DB.05 | Plattnerite | PbO2 |
| 4.DB.05 | Tripuhyite | Fe3+Sb5+O4 |
| 4.DB.05 | Tugarinovite | MoO2 |
| 4.DB.05 | Pyrolusite | Mn4+O2 |
| 4.DB.10 | Byströmite | MgSb2O6 |
| 4.DB.10 | Ordoñezite | ZnSb2O6 |
| 4.DB.10 | Tredouxite | NiSb2O6 |
| 4.DB.10 | Tapiolite-(Mn) | Mn2+Ta2O6 |
| 4.DB.10 | Tapiolite-(Fe) | Fe2+Ta2O6 |
| 4.DB.15a | Paramontroseite | V4+O2 |
| 4.DB.15a | Ramsdellite | Mn4+O2 |
| 4.DB.15b | Akhtenskite | ε-Mn4+O2 |
| 4.DB.15c | Nsutite | (Mn4+,Mn2+)(O,OH)2 |
| 4.DB.20 | Scrutinyite | α-PbO2 |
| 4.DB.20 | Nioboixiolite-([]) | (Nb0.8◻0.2)4+O2 |
| 4.DB.25 | Ishikawaite | U4+Fe2+Nb2O8 |
| 4.DB.25 | Yttrocolumbite-(Y) | Y(U4+,Fe2+)Nb2O8 |
| 4.DB.25 | Calciosamarskite | (Ca,U4+)Fe3+(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O8 |
| 4.DB.25 | Samarskite-(Yb) | YbFe3+(Nb,Ta)2O8 |
| 4.DB.25 | Ixiolite-(Sc) | (Ta0.5Sc0.5)O2 |
| 4.DB.25 | Ixiolite-(Fe2+) | (Ta0.67Fe2+0.33)O2 |
| 4.DB.25 | Ixiolite-(Mn2+) | (Ta0.67Mn2+0.33)O2 |
| 4.DB.25 | Nioboixiolite-(Fe2+) | (Nb0.67Fe2+0.33)O2 |
| 4.DB.25 | Srilankite | TiO2 |
| 4.DB.25 | Samarskite-(Y) | YFe3+Nb2O8 |
| 4.DB.25 | Nioboixiolite-(Fe3+) | (Nb0.5Fe3+0.5)O2 |
| 4.DB.30 va | Wolframite Group | |
| 4.DB.30 | Rossovskyite | (Fe3+,Ta)(Nb,Ti)O4 |
| 4.DB.30 | Huanzalaite | MgWO4 |
| 4.DB.30 | Heftetjernite | ScTaO4 |
| 4.DB.30 | Hübnerite | MnWO4 |
| 4.DB.30 | Sanmartinite | (Zn,Fe)WO4 |
| 4.DB.30 | Ferberite | FeWO4 |
| 4.DB.30 | 'Krasnoselskite' | CoWO4 |
| 4.DB.35 | Qitianlingite | (Fe,Mn)2(Nb,Ta)2WO10 |
| 4.DB.35 | Tantalaeschynite-(Ce) | Ce(TiTa)O6 |
| 4.DB.35 | Tantalite-(Mg) | (Mg,Fe2+)(Ta,Nb)2O6 |
| 4.DB.35 | Columbite-(Mn) | Mn2+Nb2O6 |
| 4.DB.35 | Tantalite-(Mn) | Mn2+Ta2O6 |
| 4.DB.35 | Columbite-(Fe) | Fe2+Nb2O6 |
| 4.DB.35 | Columbite-(Mg) | (Mg,Fe,Mn)(Nb,Ta)2O6 |
| 4.DB.35 | Tantalite-(Fe) | Fe2+Ta2O6 |
| 4.DB.40 | Ferrotitanowodginite | Fe2+TiTa2O8 |
| 4.DB.40 | 'Wolframowodginite' | Mn(Mn,Sn,Fe,Ta)(W,Ta,Nb)2O8 |
| 4.DB.40 | Lithiotantite | LiTa3O8 |
| 4.DB.40 | Lithiowodginite | LiTa3O8 |
| 4.DB.40 | Titanowodginite | Mn2+TiTa2O8 |
| 4.DB.40 | Tantalowodginite | (Mn2+0.5◻0.5)TaTa2O8 |
| 4.DB.40 | Wodginite | Mn2+Sn4+Ta2O8 |
| 4.DB.40 | Ferrowodginite | Fe2+Sn4+Ta2O8 |
| 4.DB.45 | Tivanite | V3+TiO3(OH) |
| 4.DB.50 | Carmichaelite | (Ti,Cr,Fe)[O2-x(OH)x] |
| 4.DB.55 | Alumotantite | AlTaO4 |
| 4.DB.60 | Biehlite | ((Sb,As)O)2[MoO4] |
Other Information
Thermal Behaviour:
Melting point of 1086 °C.
Notes:
Insoluble in water, NaOH and acids.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Argutite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-330.html
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References for Argutite
Reference List:
Baur, W. H. (1956) Über die Verfeinerung der Kristallstrukturbestimmung einiger Vertreter des Rutiltyps: TiO2, SnO2, GeO2 und MgF2 [On the refinement of the crystal structure determination of some representatives of the rutile type: TiO2, SnO2, GeO2 and MgF2]. Acta Crystallographica, 9 (6) 515-520 doi:10.1107/s0365110x56001388
Johan, Z.; Oudin, E.; Picot, P. (1983) Analogues germanifères et gallifères des silicates et oxydes dans les gisements de zinc des Pyrénées centrales, France; argutite et carboirite, deux nouvelles espèces minérales [Germanium and gallium analogs of silicates and oxides from zinc deposits of the French central Pyrenees; argutite and carboirite, two new mineral species]. TMPM Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 31 (1). 97-119 doi:10.1007/bf01084764
Dunn, Pete J.; Cabri, Louis J.; Chao, George Y.; Fleischer, Michael; Francis, Carl A.; Grice, Joel D.; Jambor, John L.; Pabst, Adolf (1984) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 69 (3-4). 406-412
Localities for Argutite
Showing 21 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Austria | |
| |
China | |
| Meng et al. (2023) |
| Niu et al. (2024) |
| Niu et al. (2024) |
France | |
| Aye et al. (1978) |
| Aye et al. (1978) |
| Aye et al. (1978) |
| Johan et al. (1983) +1 other reference |
| Aye et al. (1978) | |
| Aye et al. (1978) |
| Aye et al. (1978) | |
| Aye et al. (1978) | |
| Cugerone et al. (2018) |
| Aye et al. (1978) +1 other reference | |
| Aye et al. (1978) |
Namibia | |
| Baturin et al. (2003) | |
| Desor (02/2022) |
Romania | |
| minerals-of-the-carpathians.eu (2008) |
| Hîrtopanu (1997) +1 other reference |
Russia | |
| Ryabov et al. (2013) |
USA | |
| Paradis et al. (2023) |
Quick NavTopAbout ArgutiteUnique IdentifiersSimilar NamesIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesRelationshipsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Rimbatz, Argut-Dessous, Saint-Gaudens, Haute-Garonne, Occitanie, France