Lishizhenite
A valid IMA mineral species
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Li Shizhen
Formula:
ZnFe2(SO4)4 · 14H2O
Colour:
Pale violet to yellowish brown.
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
3½
Specific Gravity:
2.206
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Name:
Named in honor of Li Shizhen (李時珍) (3 July 1518, Qizhou Town, Qichun County, Hubei, China - 1593, China), famous Chinese pharmacologist and naturalist. He wrote 'Compendium of Materia Medica' on medicinal herbs and other medications. It included sections on botany, zoology, mineralogy, and metallurgy and was considered the primary reference of its type for 400 years.
This page provides mineralogical data about Lishizhenite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2415
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2415:6
IMA Classification of Lishizhenite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Zn2+Fe3+2(S6+O4)4·14H2O
Approval year:
1989
First published:
1990
Classification of Lishizhenite
7.CB.75
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations
29.7.2.2
29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
7 : AB2(XO4)4·H2O
29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
7 : AB2(XO4)4·H2O
25.11.28
25 : Sulphates
11 : Sulphates of Fe and other metals
25 : Sulphates
11 : Sulphates of Fe and other metals
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Lsh | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Lishizhenite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Pale violet to yellowish brown.
Streak:
White
Hardness:
3½ on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
Nearly perfect on {010}
poor on {001}
Nearly perfect on {010}
poor on {001}
Density:
2.206 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.201 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Lishizhenite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.522(2) nβ = 1.568(1) nγ = 1.578(4)
2V:
Measured: 47° , Calculated: 48°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.056
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
relatively strong r>v
Chemistry of Lishizhenite
Mindat Formula:
ZnFe2(SO4)4 · 14H2O
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Lishizhenite
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:
P1
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.477(1) Å, b = 15.298(3) Å, c = 6.309(1) Å
α = 90.2(1)°, β = 101.11(1)°, γ = 93.97°
α = 90.2(1)°, β = 101.11(1)°, γ = 93.97°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.423 : 1 : 0.412
Unit Cell V:
611.85 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
1
Morphology:
Tabular to prismatic to 8mm, aggregates.
Elongated on [100], tabular prismatic and showing {010}, {01O}, and {0Ol}.
Elongated on [100], tabular prismatic and showing {010}, {01O}, and {0Ol}.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 4.79 Å | (100) |
| 3.61 Å | (78) |
| 5.07 Å | (70) |
| 4.06 Å | (68) |
| 3.98 Å | (38) |
| 2.859 Å | (36) |
| 4.11 Å | (29) |
Comments:
Xitieshan mine, China. Data from the type description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47b : [Sulfates and sulfites] |
Type Occurrence of Lishizhenite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Crystal aggregates and clusters and as veinlet-type aggregates and masses in cavities in anhydrite.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Geology Museum, Beijing, China.
Department of Geology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Department of Geology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Veinlets in anhydrite in oxidation zone of Pb-Zn deposit.
Synonyms of Lishizhenite
Other Language Names for Lishizhenite
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 7.CB. | Sarvodaite | Al2(SO4)3 · 5H2O |
| 7.CB.02 | Voudourisite | CdSO4 · H2O |
| 7.CB.05 | Szmikite | MnSO4 · H2O |
| 7.CB.05 | Szomolnokite | FeSO4 · H2O |
| 7.CB.05 | Cobaltkieserite | CoSO4 · H2O |
| 7.CB.05 | Dwornikite | Ni(SO4) · H2O |
| 7.CB.05 | Kieserite | MgSO4 · H2O |
| 7.CB.05 | Poitevinite | (Cu,Fe)SO4 · H2O |
| 7.CB.05 | Gunningite | ZnSO4 · H2O |
| 7.CB.07 | Sanderite | MgSO4 · 2H2O |
| 7.CB.10 | Bonattite | CuSO4 · 3H2O |
| 7.CB.12 | Belogubite | CuZn(SO4)2 · 10H2O |
| 7.CB.15 | Drobecite | CdSO4 · 4H2O |
| 7.CB.15 | Aplowite | CoSO4 · 4H2O |
| 7.CB.15 | Cranswickite | MgSO4 · 4H2O |
| 7.CB.15 | Rozenite | FeSO4 · 4H2O |
| 7.CB.15 | Starkeyite | MgSO4 · 4H2O |
| 7.CB.15 | Ilesite | Mn2+(SO4) · 4H2O |
| 7.CB.15 | Boyleite | ZnSO4 · 4H2O |
| 7.CB.20 | Siderotil | FeSO4 · 5H2O |
| 7.CB.20 | Jôkokuite | MnSO4 · 5H2O |
| 7.CB.20 | Pentahydrite | MgSO4 · 5H2O |
| 7.CB.20 | Chalcanthite | CuSO4 · 5H2O |
| 7.CB.25 | Chvaleticeite | Mn2+(H2O)6(SO4) |
| 7.CB.25 | Nickelhexahydrite | Ni2+(H2O)6(SO4) |
| 7.CB.25 | Hexahydrite | Mg(H2O)6(SO4) |
| 7.CB.25 | Bianchite | Zn(H2O)6(SO4) |
| 7.CB.25 | Moorhouseite | Co2+(H2O)6(SO4) |
| 7.CB.25 | Ferrohexahydrite | Fe2+(H2O)6(SO4) |
| 7.CB.30 | Retgersite | NiSO4 · 6H2O |
| 7.CB.35 | Zincmelanterite | Zn(H2O)6(SO4) · H2O |
| 7.CB.35 | Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6(SO4) · H2O |
| 7.CB.35 | Alpersite | (Mg,Cu2+)(H2O)6(SO4) · H2O |
| 7.CB.35 | Bieberite | Co2+(H2O)6(SO4) · H2O |
| 7.CB.35 | Boothite | Cu2+(H2O)6(SO4) · H2O |
| 7.CB.35 | Mallardite | Mn2+(H2O)6(SO4) · H2O |
| 7.CB.40 | Epsomite | MgSO4 · 7H2O |
| 7.CB.40 | Goslarite | ZnSO4 · 7H2O |
| 7.CB.40 | Morenosite | NiSO4 · 7H2O |
| 7.CB.45 | Meta-alunogen | Al2(SO4)3 · 12H2O |
| 7.CB.45 | Alunogen | Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O |
| 7.CB.50 | Aluminocoquimbite | Al2Fe2(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
| 7.CB.50 | Lazaridisite | Cd3(SO4)3 · 8H2O |
| 7.CB.52 | Pararaisaite | CuMg[Te6+O4(OH)2] · 6H2O |
| 7.CB.55 | Paracoquimbite | Fe4(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
| 7.CB.55 | Rhomboclase | (H5O2)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 7.CB.55 | Raisaite | CuMg[Te6+O4(OH)2] · 6H2O |
| 7.CB.55 | Coquimbite | AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
| 7.CB.57 | 'Caichengyunite' | Fe2+3Al2(SO4)6 · 30H2O |
| 7.CB.60 | Kornelite | Fe2(SO4)3 · 7H2O |
| 7.CB.65 | Quenstedtite | Fe2(SO4)3 · 11H2O |
| 7.CB.70 | Lausenite | Fe2(SO4)3 · 5H2O |
| 7.CB.75 | Römerite | Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 14H2O |
| 7.CB.80 | Ransomite | CuFe2(SO4)4 · 6H2O |
| 7.CB.85 | Dietrichite | ZnAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| 7.CB.85 | Halotrichite | Fe2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| 7.CB.85 | Apjohnite | Mn2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| 7.CB.85 | Redingtonite | Fe2+Cr3+2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| 7.CB.85 | Pickeringite | MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| 7.CB.85 | Bílinite | Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| 7.CB.85 | Wupatkiite | Co2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| 7.CB.90 | Meridianiite | MgSO4 · 11H2O |
Other Information
Notes:
Soluble in water, becomes dull and dark red or yellowish brown on exposure to air.
Special Storage/
Display Requirements:
Display Requirements:
Becomes dull and dark red or yellowish brown on exposure to air.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Lishizhenite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2415.html
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Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Lishizhenite
Localities for Lishizhenite
Showing 4 localities.
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The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
China (TL) | |
| Li Wanmao and Chen Guoying (1990) |
Costa Rica | |
| Ulloa et al. (2018) |
Iran | |
| Khorasanipour (2015) |
USA | |
| Journal of Geosciences (2015) +1 other reference |
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