Vote for your favorite mineral in #MinCup26! - Quartz vs. Asagiite
It's a classic vs a newbie as the most common named mineral in the crust Quartz is up against an exceedingly-rare sea foam-green mineral discovered just a few years ago Asagiite.
Log InRegister
Quick Links : The Mindat ManualThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryMindat Newsletter [Free Download]
Home PageAbout MindatThe Mindat ManualHistory of MindatCopyright StatusWho We AreContact UsAdvertise on Mindat
Donate to MindatCorporate SponsorshipSponsor a PageSponsored PagesMindat AdvertisersAdvertise on Mindat
Learning CenterWhat is a mineral?The most common minerals on earthInformation for EducatorsMindat ArticlesThe ElementsThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryGeologic TimeExplore Fossils
Minerals by PropertiesMinerals by ChemistryMineral Visual ExplorerAdvanced Locality SearchRandom MineralRandom LocalitySearch by minIDLocalities Near MeSearch ArticlesSearch GlossaryMore Search Options
Search For:
Mineral Name:
Locality Name:
Keyword(s):
 
The Mindat ManualAdd a New PhotoRate PhotosLocality Edit ReportCoordinate Completion ReportAdd Glossary Item
Mining CompaniesStatisticsUsersMineral MuseumsClubs & OrganizationsMineral Shows & EventsThe Mindat DirectoryDevice SettingsThe Mineral QuizTime Machine
Photo SearchPhoto GalleriesSearch by ColorPhoto Colour ExplorerNew Photos TodayNew Photos YesterdayMembers' Photo GalleriesPast Photo of the Day GalleryPhotography

Panaro Valley, Emilia-Romagna, Italyi
Regional Level Types
Panaro ValleyValley
Emilia-RomagnaRegion
ItalyCountry

This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
PhotosSearch
Type:
Largest Settlements:
PlacePopulation
Vignola22,397 (2015)
Spilamberto8,770 (2014)
Castelvetro di Modena3,648 (2014)
Marano sul Panaro3,301 (2014)
Savignano sul Panaro2,658 (2014)
Formica2,209 (2014)
Mindat Locality ID:
292579
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:292579:3
GUID (UUID V4):
0
Other Languages:
Emilian-Romagnol:
Vâl del Panèr (Vàl dal Panèr; Vâl d'la Panèra), Emîlia-Rumâgna (Emélia-Rumâgna; Emégglia-Rumâgna), Itâlia
Italian:
Val Panaro, Emilia-Romagna, Italia


Valley drained by River Panaro, the last right tributary of River Po. The upper hydrographic basin is drained by the Scoltenna and Leo streams, which merge to form River Panaro in the municipal territory of Pavullo nel Frignano.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

38 valid minerals. 1 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

'Actinolite-Tremolite Series'
Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Almandine
Formula: Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Analcime
Formula: Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Anatase
Formula: TiO2
Ankerite
Formula: Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Antigorite
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Azurite
Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Brookite
Formula: TiO2
Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region.
Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
'Chlorite Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Chrysotile
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Clinochlore
Formula: Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'
Covellite
Formula: CuS
Datolite
Formula: CaB(SiO4)(OH)
Dolomite
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
Epidote
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Goethite
Formula: Fe3+O(OH)
Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
Ilmenite
Formula: Fe2+TiO3
Jamborite (TL)
Formula: Ni2+1-xCo3+x(OH)2-x(SO4)x · nH2O
'K Feldspar'
Lizardite
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
References:
Magnesio-hornblende
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Malachite
Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Millerite
Formula: NiS
Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Muscovite var. Illite
Formula: K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Native Copper
Formula: Cu
Natrolite
Formula: Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
'Petrified Wood'
'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Prehnite
Formula: Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
'Pumpellyite Subgroup'
Formula: Ca2XAl2[Si2O6(OH)][SiO4](OH)2A
Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.
Quartz var. Agate
Formula: SiO2
Quartz var. Chalcedony
Formula: SiO2
'Serpentine Subgroup'
Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4
'Serpentine Subgroup var. Bastite'
Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Talc
Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
Titanite
Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O
Vaesite
Formula: NiS2
Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
Native Copper1.AA.05Cu
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
Covellite2.CA.05aCuS
Sphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
Chalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
Millerite2.CC.20NiS
Pyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Vaesite2.EB.05aNiS2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
Goethite4.00.Fe3+O(OH)
Magnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Hematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
Ilmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
Quartz
var. Agate
4.DA.05SiO2
var. Chalcedony4.DA.05SiO2
4.DA.05SiO2
Anatase4.DD.05TiO2
Brookite4.DD.10TiO2
Jamborite (TL)4.FL.05Ni2+1-xCo3+x(OH)2-x(SO4)x · nH2O
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
Calcite5.AB.05CaCO3
Ankerite5.AB.10Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Dolomite5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
Azurite5.BA.05Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Malachite5.BA.10Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
Baryte7.AD.35BaSO4
Gypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 · 2H2O
Group 9 - Silicates
Chrysotile9.00.Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Almandine9.AD.25Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Zircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
Titanite9.AG.15CaTi(SiO4)O
Datolite9.AJ.20CaB(SiO4)(OH)
Epidote9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Magnesio-hornblende9.DE.10◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Prehnite9.DP.20Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Talc9.EC.05Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
Muscovite
var. Illite
9.EC.15K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Clinochlore9.EC.55Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Antigorite9.ED.15Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Lizardite9.ED.15Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Albite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
Natrolite9.GA.05Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Analcime9.GB.05Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Unclassified
'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
'Chlorite Group'-
'Pumpellyite Subgroup'-Ca2XAl2[Si2O6(OH)][SiO4](OH)2A
'Serpentine Subgroup
var. Bastite'
-D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'-
'Petrified Wood'-
'Actinolite-Tremolite Series'-
'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
'K Feldspar'-
'Serpentine Subgroup'-D3[Si2O5](OH)4
'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
H AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
H AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
H AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
H BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
H ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
H ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
H DatoliteCaB(SiO4)(OH)
H Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
H GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
H GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
H Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
H JamboriteNi2+1-xCox3+(OH)2-x(SO4)x · nH2O
H LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
H Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
H MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
H MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
H NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
H PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
H Pumpellyite SubgroupCa2XAl2[Si2O6(OH)][SiO4](OH)2A
H TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
H Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
H Actinolite-Tremolite Series
H Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
H ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
BBoron
B DatoliteCaB(SiO4)(OH)
CCarbon
C AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
C AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
C CalciteCaCO3
C DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
C MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
OOxygen
O Quartz var. AgateSiO2
O AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
O AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
O AnataseTiO2
O AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
O AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
O AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
O AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
O BaryteBaSO4
O BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
O BrookiteTiO2
O CalciteCaCO3
O Quartz var. ChalcedonySiO2
O ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
O ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
O DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
O DatoliteCaB(SiO4)(OH)
O Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
O GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
O GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
O HematiteFe2O3
O Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
O IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
O JamboriteNi2+1-xCox3+(OH)2-x(SO4)x · nH2O
O LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
O Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
O MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
O MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
O MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
O PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
O Pumpellyite SubgroupCa2XAl2[Si2O6(OH)][SiO4](OH)2A
O QuartzSiO2
O TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
O TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
O ZirconZr(SiO4)
O Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
O Actinolite-Tremolite Series
O Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
O Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
O ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
FFluorine
F BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
F ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
NaSodium
Na AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Na AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Na NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Na Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
MgMagnesium
Mg AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Mg AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mg BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Mg ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mg ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Mg DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Mg LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mg Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Mg TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Mg Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Mg Actinolite-Tremolite Series
AlAluminium
Al AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Al AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Al AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Al BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Al ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Al Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Al Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Al Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Al MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Al NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Al PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Al Pumpellyite SubgroupCa2XAl2[Si2O6(OH)][SiO4](OH)2A
Al Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Al Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
SiSilicon
Si Quartz var. AgateSiO2
Si AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Si AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Si AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Si AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Si BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Si Quartz var. ChalcedonySiO2
Si ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Si ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Si DatoliteCaB(SiO4)(OH)
Si Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Si Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Si LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Si Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Si MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Si PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Si Pumpellyite SubgroupCa2XAl2[Si2O6(OH)][SiO4](OH)2A
Si QuartzSiO2
Si TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Si TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Si ZirconZr(SiO4)
Si Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Si Actinolite-Tremolite Series
Si Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Si Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
PPhosphorus
P ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
SSulfur
S BaryteBaSO4
S ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
S CovelliteCuS
S GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
S JamboriteNi2+1-xCox3+(OH)2-x(SO4)x · nH2O
S MilleriteNiS
S PyriteFeS2
S SphaleriteZnS
S VaesiteNiS2
ClChlorine
Cl ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
KPotassium
K BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
K Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
K MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Ca AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Ca CalciteCaCO3
Ca DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Ca DatoliteCaB(SiO4)(OH)
Ca Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Ca GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Ca Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Ca PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Ca Pumpellyite SubgroupCa2XAl2[Si2O6(OH)][SiO4](OH)2A
Ca TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Ca Actinolite-Tremolite Series
Ca Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Ca ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
TiTitanium
Ti AnataseTiO2
Ti BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Ti BrookiteTiO2
Ti IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Ti TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
MnManganese
Mn Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
FeIron
Fe AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Fe AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Fe BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Fe ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Fe Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Fe GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Fe HematiteFe2O3
Fe IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Fe MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Fe PyriteFeS2
Fe Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Fe Actinolite-Tremolite Series
CoCobalt
Co JamboriteNi2+1-xCox3+(OH)2-x(SO4)x · nH2O
NiNickel
Ni JamboriteNi2+1-xCox3+(OH)2-x(SO4)x · nH2O
Ni MilleriteNiS
Ni VaesiteNiS2
Ni Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
CuCopper
Cu AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Cu ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cu CovelliteCuS
Cu Native CopperCu
Cu MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
ZnZinc
Zn SphaleriteZnS
Zn Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
ZrZirconium
Zr ZirconZr(SiO4)
BaBarium
Ba BaryteBaSO4

Fossils

There are 3 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.

These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.

Occurrences25
Youngest Fossil Listed2.59 Ma (Pleistocene)
Oldest Fossil Listed299 Ma (Carboniferous)
Fossils from RegionClick here to show the list.
Accepted NameHierarchy Age
Crassopleura
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Drilliidae : Crassopleura3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Turriclavus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Drilliidae : Turriclavus3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Ingaunoturricula
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Ingaunoturricula3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Protohaploxypinus
genus
Protohaploxypinus298.9 - 252.17 Ma
Paleozoic
Striatopodocarpites
genus
Striatopodocarpites298.9 - 252.17 Ma
Paleozoic
Cedripites
genus
Cedripites298.9 - 252.17 Ma
Paleozoic
Klausipollenites
genus
Plantae : Klausipollenites298.9 - 252.17 Ma
Paleozoic
Sulcatisporites
genus
Plantae : Sulcatisporites298.9 - 252.17 Ma
Paleozoic
Fossil LocalitiesClick to show 3 fossil localities

Localities in this Region

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate
EuropeContinent
Italy

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

 
and/or  
Mindat.org® is an outreach project of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization. Mindat® and mindat.org® are registered trademarks of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy.
Copyright © mindat.org and the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy 1993-2026, except where stated. Most political location boundaries are © OpenStreetMap contributors. Mindat.org relies on the contributions of thousands of members and supporters. Founded in 2000 by Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau.
Content on this site may not be used to train, fine-tune, or otherwise develop artificial intelligence or machine learning models without prior written permission - see our Terms & Conditions.
To cite: Ralph, J., Von Bargen, D., Martynov, P., Zhang, J., Que, X., Prabhu, A., Morrison, S. M., Li, W., Chen, W., & Ma, X. (2025). Mindat.org: The open access mineralogy database to accelerate data-intensive geoscience research. American Mineralogist, 110(6), 833–844. doi:10.2138/am-2024-9486.
Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Contact Us / DMCA issues - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: September 6, 2026 10:03:49 Page updated: December 25, 2025 21:18:52
Go to top of page