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Whitlockite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered

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Photos of Whitlockite (92)Discuss Whitlockite

Whitlockite Gallery Search Photos of Whitlockite

Edit Whitlockite Add Synonym Edit CIF structures Clear Cache

Whitlockite, etc.

Tip Top Mine, Fourmile, Custer Mining District, Custer County, South Dakota, USA

Whitlockite

Palermo No. 1 Mine, Groton, Grafton County, New Hampshire, USA

Whitlockite

Big Fish River, Dawson mining district, Yukon, Canada

Whitlockite, etc.

Tip Top Mine, Fourmile, Custer Mining District, Custer County, South Dakota, USA

Whitlockite

Palermo No. 1 Mine, Groton, Grafton County, New Hampshire, USA

Whitlockite

Big Fish River, Dawson mining district, Yukon, Canada

Whitlockite, etc.

Tip Top Mine, Fourmile, Custer Mining District, Custer County, South Dakota, USA

Whitlockite

Palermo No. 1 Mine, Groton, Grafton County, New Hampshire, USA

Hide all sections | Show all sections

About WhitlockiteHide

Herbert P. Whitlock

Formula:

Ca₉Mg(PO₄)₆(PO₃OH)

The IMA formula for whitlockite originally showed the monofluorophosphate (PO₃F)^2- ion rather than hydroxylated phosphate (PO₃OH)^2- ion. The latter anionic group is correct; the former, attributed to the now-discredited whitlockite group mineral bobdownsite, was determined to be an analytical error (see McCubbin et al., 2018).

Colour:

Colourless, grey-white, light pink, light yellow; colourless in transmitted light.

Lustre:

Vitreous, Resinous

Hardness:

Specific Gravity:

3.12

Crystal System:

Trigonal

Member of:

Whitlockite Subgroup > Merrillite Group > Cerite Supergroup

Name:

Named after Herbert Percy Whitlock (31 July 1868, New York City, New York, USA - 22 February 1948), Curator of Minerals, American Museum of Natural History, New York (USA).

Type Locality:

ⓘ Palermo No. 1 Mine, Groton, Grafton County, New Hampshire, USA

Whitlockite Group.
Structurally related to wopmayite.

All non-terrestrial whitlockites are actually merrillite (Dowty, 1977).

Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Whitlockite.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

4280

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:4280:8

IMA Classification of WhitlockiteHide

IMA status:

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

IMA Formula:

Ca₉Mg(PO₄)₆(PO₃F)

First published:

1941

Type description reference:

Frondel, Clifford (1941) Whitlockite: a new calcium phosphate, Ca3(PO4)2. American Mineralogist, 26 (3) 145-152

Classification of WhitlockiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):

8.AC.45

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
A : Phosphates, etc. without additional anions, without H₂O
C : With medium-sized and large cations

Dana 8th ed.:

38.3.4.1

38 : ANHYDROUS NORMAL PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, AND VANADATES
3 : (AB)₃(XO₄)₂

Hey's CIM Ref.:

19.4.8

19 : Phosphates
4 : Phosphates of Ca

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

Symbol	Source	Reference for Standard
Wht	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
Wht	Whitney & Evans (2010)	Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371

Physical Properties of WhitlockiteHide

Lustre:

Vitreous, Resinous

Transparency:

Transparent, Translucent

Colour:

Colourless, grey-white, light pink, light yellow; colourless in transmitted light.

Streak:

White

Hardness:

5 on Mohs scale

Tenacity:

Brittle

Cleavage:

None Observed

Fracture:

Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal

Density:

3.12 g/cm³ (Measured) 3.102 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of WhitlockiteHide

Type:

Uniaxial (-)

RI values:

n_ω = 1.629 n_ε = 1.626

Max. Birefringence:

δ = 0.003
Based on recorded range of RI values above.

Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.

Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.

Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.

Thickness: 30 µm Order divisions

Rotation:

Surface Relief:

High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).

This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral colouration.

Focus:

In focus

Interference Figure:

This shows the idealized uniaxial interference figure - the conoscopic (convergent-light, Bertrand-lens-in) view, for a grain cut with the optic axis centred and vertical. The coloured rings are isochromatics, computed with the same physics as the Michel-Lévy bar above; the dark cross is the isogyre.

For a genuinely uniaxial mineral viewed this way, that cross stays perfectly stationary if you rotate the stage - unlike a biaxial mineral, where it splits apart on rotation. That invariance is itself the standard diagnostic test for telling uniaxial and biaxial minerals apart at the microscope.

Thickness: 30 µm

Chemistry of WhitlockiteHide

Mindat Formula:

Ca₉Mg(PO₄)₆(PO₃OH)

The IMA formula for whitlockite originally showed the monofluorophosphate (PO₃F)^2- ion rather than hydroxylated phosphate (PO₃OH)^2- ion. The latter anionic group is correct; the former, attributed to the now-discredited whitlockite group mineral bobdownsite, was determined to be an analytical error (see McCubbin et al., 2018).

Element Weights:

Element	% weight
O	42.632 %
Ca	34.326 %
P	20.633 %
Mg	2.313 %
H	0.096 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.

Elements listed:

Ca, H, Mg, O, P - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of WhitlockiteHide

Crystal System:

Trigonal

Class (H-M):

3m - Ditrigonal Pyramidal

Space Group:

R3c

Cell Parameters:

a = 10.33 Å, c = 37.103(5) Å

Ratio:

a:c = 1 : 3.592

Unit Cell V:

3,428.79 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Morphology:

Crystals exhibit rhombohedral development; rarely tabular {0001}. Coarse-granular to earthy. Cave pearls.

Crystal StructureHide

Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4

View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c

Rotation
Stop | Start

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Year	Locality	Temp (K)
0018920	Whitlockite	Tait K T, Barkley M C, Thompson R M, Origlieri M J, Evans S H, Prewitt C T, Yang H (2011) Bobdownsite, a new mineral species from Big Fish River, Yukon, Canada, and its structural relationship with whitlockite-type compounds The Canadian Mineralogist 49 1065-1078	2011	Palermo #1 quarry, New Hampshire, USA	293
0004625	Whitlockite	Hughes J M, Jolliff B L, Rakovan J (2008) The crystal chemistry of whitlockite and merrillite and the dehydrogenation of whitlockite to merrillite American Mineralogist 93 1300-1305	2008	synthetic	293
0004624	Whitlockite	Hughes J M, Jolliff B L, Rakovan J (2008) The crystal chemistry of whitlockite and merrillite and the dehydrogenation of whitlockite to merrillite American Mineralogist 93 1300-1305	2008	synthetic	293
0004623	Whitlockite	Hughes J M, Jolliff B L, Rakovan J (2008) The crystal chemistry of whitlockite and merrillite and the dehydrogenation of whitlockite to merrillite American Mineralogist 93 1300-1305	2008	Tip Top Pegmatite, Custer County, South Dakota	293
0004622	Whitlockite	Hughes J M, Jolliff B L, Rakovan J (2008) The crystal chemistry of whitlockite and merrillite and the dehydrogenation of whitlockite to merrillite American Mineralogist 93 1300-1305	2008	Palermo Mine, North Groton, Grafton County, New Hampshire	293
0010333	Whitlockite	Tsirlin A A, Dikarev E V, Shpanchenko R V, Antipov E V (2006) A new whitlockite, Ca8.42Na1.16V(PO4)7 Acta Crystallographica C62 i13-i15	2006	synthetic	293
0013352	Whitlockite	Schroeder L W, Dickens B, Brown W E (1977) Crystallographic studies of the role of Mg as a stabilizing impurity in beta-Ca3(PO4)2. II. Refinement of Mg-containing beta-Ca3(PO4)2 Journal of Solid State Chemistry 22 253-262	1977	synthetic	293
0013351	Whitlockite	Schroeder L W, Dickens B, Brown W E (1977) Crystallographic studies of the role of Mg as a stabilizing impurity in beta-Ca3(PO4)2. II. Refinement of Mg-containing beta-Ca3(PO4)2 Journal of Solid State Chemistry 22 253-262	1977	synthetic	293
0009550	Whitlockite	Kostiner E, Rea J R (1976) The crystal structure of manganese-whitlockite, Ca18Mn2H2(PO4)14 Acta Crystallographica B32 250-253	1976	synthetic	293
0012160	Whitlockite	Gopal R, Calvo C, Ito J, Sabine W K (1974) Crystal structure of synthetic Mg-whitlockite, Ca18Mg2H2(PO4)14 Canadian Journal of Chemistry 52 1155-1164	1974	synthetic	293
0014686	Whitlockite	Gopal R, Calvo C (1972) Structural relationship of whitlockite and beta-Ca3(PO4)2 Nature Physical Science 237 30-32	1972	Palermo Quarry	293
0014685	Whitlockite	Gopal R, Calvo C (1972) Structural relationship of whitlockite and beta-Ca3(PO4)2 Nature Physical Science 237 30-32	1972	Palermo Quarry	293
0000445	Whitlockite	Calvo C, Gopal R (1975) The crystal structure of whitlockite from the Palermo quarry American Mineralogist 60 120-133	1975		293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Whitlockite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Tait K T'
'Barkley M C'
'Thompson R M'
'Origlieri M J'
'Evans S H'
'Prewitt C T'
'Yang H'
_journal_name_full 'The Canadian Mineralogist'
_journal_volume 49 
_journal_year 2011
_journal_page_first 1065
_journal_page_last 1078
_publ_section_title
;
 Bobdownsite, a new mineral species from Big Fish River, Yukon, Canada,
 and its structural relationship with whitlockite-type compounds
;
_database_code_amcsd 0018920
_chemical_compound_source 'Palermo #1 quarry, New Hampshire, USA'
_chemical_formula_sum 'Ca9 Mg.62 Fe.35 Mn.02 Al.02 P7 O28 H'
_cell_length_a 10.3590
_cell_length_b 10.3590
_cell_length_c 37.0857
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 120
_cell_volume 3446.456
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      3.072
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'R 3 c'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '2/3+x,1/3+y,1/3+z'
  '1/3+x,2/3+y,2/3+z'
  'x,x-y,1/2+z'
  '2/3+x,1/3+x-y,5/6+z'
  '1/3+x,2/3+x-y,1/6+z'
  '-y,-x,1/2+z'
  '2/3-y,1/3-x,5/6+z'
  '1/3-y,2/3-x,1/6+z'
  '-x+y,y,1/2+z'
  '2/3-x+y,1/3+y,5/6+z'
  '1/3-x+y,2/3+y,1/6+z'
  '-y,x-y,z'
  '2/3-y,1/3+x-y,1/3+z'
  '1/3-y,2/3+x-y,2/3+z'
  '-x+y,-x,z'
  '2/3-x+y,1/3-x,1/3+z'
  '1/3-x+y,2/3-x,2/3+z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_occupancy
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
Ca1   0.29278   0.15662   0.67220   1.00000   0.02062
Ca2   0.28035   0.14623   0.56520   1.00000   0.00930
Ca3   0.38769   0.18008   0.76765   1.00000   0.00975
Mg   0.00000   0.00000  -0.00028   0.62000   0.00842
Fe   0.00000   0.00000  -0.00028   0.35000   0.00842
Mn   0.00000   0.00000  -0.00028   0.02000   0.00842
Al   0.00000   0.00000  -0.00028   0.02000   0.00842
P1A   0.00000   0.00000   0.75326   0.85000   0.01108
P1B   0.00000   0.00000   0.73176   0.15000   0.00001
P2   0.31690   0.14343   0.86428   1.00000   0.00802
P3   0.35083   0.15788   0.96718   1.00000   0.00818
O1   0.27579   0.09357   0.82513   1.00000   0.01713
O2   0.24620   0.23279   0.87771   1.00000   0.01379
O3   0.27237   0.00161   0.88627   1.00000   0.01107
O4   0.48768   0.24153   0.86884   1.00000   0.01190
O5   0.40292   0.19613   0.00664   1.00000   0.01408
O6   0.39991   0.04894   0.95358   1.00000   0.01285
O7   0.41667   0.30451   0.94644   1.00000   0.01458
O8   0.17933   0.07942   0.96326   1.00000   0.01118
O-H9   0.00000   0.00000   0.79758   0.85000   0.03592
O-H9B   0.00000   0.00000   0.68932   0.15000   0.02042
O10  -0.01931   0.12946   0.74202   1.00000   0.01738
loop_
_atom_site_aniso_label
_atom_site_aniso_U_11
_atom_site_aniso_U_22
_atom_site_aniso_U_33
_atom_site_aniso_U_12
_atom_site_aniso_U_13
_atom_site_aniso_U_23
Ca1 0.03638 0.01881 0.01595 0.02075 -0.01259 -0.00863
Ca2 0.01040 0.00952 0.00875 0.00556 -0.00041 -0.00112
Ca3 0.01074 0.00889 0.00949 0.00482 -0.00238 -0.00091
Mg 0.00824 0.00824 0.00880 0.00412 0.00000 0.00000
Fe 0.00824 0.00824 0.00880 0.00412 0.00000 0.00000
Mn 0.00824 0.00824 0.00880 0.00412 0.00000 0.00000
Al 0.00824 0.00824 0.00880 0.00412 0.00000 0.00000
P1A 0.00742 0.00742 0.01842 0.00371 0.00000 0.00000
P1B 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
P2 0.00854 0.00890 0.00737 0.00493 0.00116 0.00122
P3 0.00864 0.00901 0.00704 0.00453 0.00001 0.00041
O1 0.02506 0.02073 0.00765 0.01299 0.00020 -0.00054
O2 0.01576 0.01741 0.01485 0.01328 0.00271 0.00169
O3 0.01098 0.00806 0.01155 0.00280 0.00214 0.00168
O4 0.00960 0.00745 0.01702 0.00306 0.00308 0.00117
O5 0.02107 0.01642 0.00747 0.01140 -0.00222 -0.00219
O6 0.01482 0.01564 0.01260 0.01099 -0.00076 -0.00297
O7 0.01473 0.01139 0.01331 0.00330 0.00211 0.00459
O8 0.00748 0.00978 0.01400 0.00260 0.00045 -0.00039
O-H9 0.03017 0.03017 0.04742 0.01508 0.00000 0.00000
O-H9B 0.01484 0.01484 0.03158 0.00742 0.00000 0.00000
O10 0.01831 0.00950 0.02690 0.00887 0.00857 0.00398

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Loading XRD data...

2θ (degrees) d-spacing (Å)

Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
2.88 Å	(100)
3.21 Å	(90)
2.60 Å	(90)
5.24 Å	(80)
3.47 Å	(70)
1.72 Å	(70)
1.93 Å	(60)
6.55 Å	(50)
1.88 Å	(50)
1.55 Å	(50)

Comments:

North Groton, New Hampshire, USA. Data from Frondel (1943).

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 2: Planetesimal differentiation and alteration	4.566-4.550
6 : Secondary asteroid phases	4.566-4.560
Near-surface Processes
21 : Chemically precipitated carbonate, phosphate, iron formations
22 : Hydration and low-? subsurface aqueous alteration (see also #23)
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere	<0.6
49 : Oxic cellular biomineralization (see also #44)	<0.54
Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals	<10 Ka
57 : Other minerals formed by human processes

Geological Setting:

Pegmatites; phosphate-rock deposits.

Type Occurrence of WhitlockiteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Palermo No. 1 Mine, Groton, Grafton County, New Hampshire, USA

General Appearance of Type Material:

Occurs as coarse granular masses with small open cavities lined with crystals. The crystals range in size from about 1 mm to 1.5 cm along the c-axis with an embedded crystal measuring about 3 cm. The crystals usually are simple rhombohedra.

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 95030; National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 146196.

Geological Setting of Type Material:

Pegmatite

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

'Apatite'	Fairfieldite	Ludlamite	Quartz	Siderite
Triphylite	Xanthoxenite

Reference:

Frondel, Clifford (1941) Whitlockite: a new calcium phosphate, Ca3(PO4)2. American Mineralogist, 26 (3) 145-152

Synonyms of WhitlockiteHide

Bobdownsite

Pyrophosphorite

Other Language Names for WhitlockiteHide

Dutch:Whitlockiet

German:Whitlockit

Russian:Витлокит

Spanish:Whitlockita

Varieties of WhitlockiteHide

Martinite (of Kloos)	A carbonate-bearing variety of whitlockite.
Zeugite	A carbonate-bearing Whitlockite.

Relationship of Whitlockite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Whitlockite Subgroup > Merrillite Group > Cerite Supergroup

Other Members of Whitlockite Subgroup:

Hedegaardite	(Ca,Na)₉(Ca,Na)Mg(PO₄)₆(PO₃OH)	Trig. 3m : R3c
Strontiowhitlockite	Sr₉Mg(PO₄)₆(PO₃OH)	Trig. 3m : R3c
Wopmayite	Ca₆Na₃◻Mn(PO₄)₃(PO₃OH)₄	Trig. 3m : R3c

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:

51 photos of Whitlockite associated with Montgomeryite	Ca₄MgAl₄(PO₄)₆(OH)₄ · 12H₂O
27 photos of Whitlockite associated with Robertsite	Ca₂Mn³⁺₃(PO₄)₃O₂ · 3H₂O
15 photos of Whitlockite associated with Hydroxylapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(OH)
13 photos of Whitlockite associated with Kulanite	Ba(Fe²⁺,Mn²⁺,Mg)₂(Al,Fe³⁺)₂(PO₄)₃(OH)₃
12 photos of Whitlockite associated with Gormanite	(Fe²⁺,Mg)₃(Al,Fe³⁺)₄(PO₄)₄(OH)₆ · 2H₂O
12 photos of Whitlockite associated with Mitridatite	Ca₂Fe³⁺₃(PO₄)₃O₂ · 3H₂O
11 photos of Whitlockite associated with Quartz	SiO₂
8 photos of Whitlockite associated with Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
8 photos of Whitlockite associated with Laueite	Mn²⁺Fe³⁺₂(PO₄)₂(OH)₂ · 8H₂O
8 photos of Whitlockite associated with Fairfieldite	Ca₂Mn²⁺(PO₄)₂ · 2H₂O

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

8.AC.	'Crocobelonite-1M'	CaFe³⁺₂O(PO₄)₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
8.AC.	Magnesioqingheiite	Na₂Mg(MgAl)(PO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m
8.AC.	Manganobadalovite	NaNaMn(MgFe³⁺)(AsO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.	Changesite-(Y)	(Ca₈Y)◻Fe²⁺(PO₄)₇	Trig. 3m : R3c
8.AC.	Babunaite-(Nd)	NdAsO₄	Tet. 4/m : I4₁/a
8.AC.	Crocobelonite	CaFe³⁺₂O(PO₄)₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
8.AC.	Wopmayite	Ca₆Na₃◻Mn(PO₄)₃(PO₃OH)₄	Trig. 3m : R3c
8.AC.	Beershevaite	CaFe³⁺₃(PO₄)₃O	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
8.AC.	Epiebnerite	(NH₄)Zn(PO₄)	Mon. 2 : P2₁
8.AC.	Ebnerite	(NH₄)Zn(PO₄)	Hex. 6 : P6₃
8.AC.X	Dyrnaesite-(La)	Na₈Ce⁴⁺(La,REE)₂(PO₄)₆	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
8.AC.	Edtollite	K₂NaCu₅Fe³⁺O₂(AsO₄)₄	Tric. 1 : P1
8.AC.	Angarfite	NaFe³⁺₅(PO₄)₄(OH)₄ · 4H₂O	Orth. 222 : C222₁
8.AC.	Kabalovite	Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₄(PO₄)₆	Tric. 1 : P1
8.AC.	Nazarchukite	Ca₂NiFe³⁺₂(PO₄)₄	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.AC.	Calciohatertite	NaNaCa(CaFe³⁺)(AsO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.	Alumoedtollite	K₂NaCu₅AlO₂(AsO₄)₄	Tric. 1 : P1
8.AC.02	Grigorievite	Cu₃Fe³⁺₂Al₂(VO₄)₆	Tric. 1 : P1
8.AC.02	Koksharovite	CaMg₂Fe³⁺₄(VO₄)₆	Tric. 1 : P1
8.AC.02	Ziminaite	Fe³⁺ ₆ (VO₄)₆	Tric. 1 : P1
8.AC.05	Hatertite	Na₂(Ca,Na)(Fe³⁺,Cu)₂(AsO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.05	Erikapohlite	Cu₃(Zn,Cu,Mg)₄Ca₂(AsO₄)₆ · 2H₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
8.AC.05	'Unnamed (Na-Mg Arsenate Hydroxyarsenate)'	NaMg₃(AsO₄)(AsO₃OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.05	'Unnamed (Na-Zn-H Arsenate Hydroxyarsenate)'	Na(Na_0.6Zn_0.4)Zn₂(H_0.6AsO₄)(AsO₃OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.05	Calciojohillerite	NaCaMg₃(AsO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.05	Magnesiohatertite	(Na,Ca)₂Ca(Mg,Fe³⁺)₂(AsO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.05 va	'Alluaudite-Na[]'	◻₄Na₄Mn²⁺₄Fe³⁺₈(PO₄)₁₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.05 va	'Alluaudite-Ca[]'	◻₄Ca₄Mn²⁺₄Fe³⁺₈(PO₄)₁₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.05 va	'Ferroalluaudite-NaNa'	Na₄Na₄Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺₈(PO₄)₁₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
8.AC.05	'Hagendorfite-NaNa'	NaNaFe²⁺(Mn²⁺,Mn³⁺)(PO₄)₃ (?)	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.05	O'Danielite	Na(Zn,Mg)₃(AsO₄)(AsO₃OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.05	Howardevansite	NaCuFe₂(VO₄)₃	Tric. 1 : P1
8.AC.05	Khrenovite	Na₃Fe³⁺₂(AsO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.05	Zincobradaczekite	NaZn₂Cu₂(AsO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.05	Paraberzeliite	NaCa₂Mg₂(AsO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.05	Badalovite	Na₂Mg₂Fe(AsO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.05	Magnesiocanutite	NaMnMg₂[AsO₄]₂[AsO₂(OH)₂]	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.05	Manganohatertite	NaNaCa(MnFe³⁺)(AsO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.05	Camanchacaite	NaCaMg₂[AsO₄][AsO₃(OH)]₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.07	Zhanghuifenite	Na₃Mn₄Mg₂Al(PO₄)₆	Mon. 2/m
8.AC.07	Ferrobobfergusonite	Na₂Fe²⁺₅Fe³⁺Al(PO₄)₆	Mon.
8.AC.10	Hagendorfite	NaCaMn²⁺Fe²⁺₂(PO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.10	'Ferrohagendorfite'	NaCaFe²⁺Fe²⁺₂(PO₄)₃	Mon.
8.AC.10	Johillerite	Na(Mg,Zn)₃Cu(AsO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.10	Varulite	NaCaMn²⁺Mn²⁺₂(PO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.10	Nickenichite	Na_0.8Ca_0.4Cu_0.4(Mg,Fe)₃(AsO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.10	Arseniopleite	NaCaMnMn₂(AsO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m
8.AC.10	Groatite	NaCaMn₂(PO₄)[PO₃(OH)]₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.10	Alluaudite	(Na,Ca)Mn²⁺(Fe³⁺,Mn²⁺,Fe²⁺,Mg)₂(PO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.10	Bradaczekite	NaCu₄(AsO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.10	Caryinite	(Na,Pb)(Ca,Na)CaMn²⁺₂(AsO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m
8.AC.10	Ferroalluaudite	(Na,Ca)Fe²⁺(Fe³⁺,Mn²⁺,Fe²⁺)₂(PO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.AC.10	Maghagendorfite	(Na,◻)MgMn²⁺(Fe²⁺,Fe³⁺)₂(PO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m
8.AC.15	Ferrowyllieite	(Na,Ca,Mn)(Fe,Mn)(Fe,Fe,Mg)Al(PO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
8.AC.15	Qingheiite	NaNaMn²⁺(MgAl)(PO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
8.AC.15	Rosemaryite	(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe²⁺)(Fe³⁺,Mg)Al(PO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
8.AC.15	Ferroqingheiite	NaNaFe²⁺(MgAl)(PO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
8.AC.15	Ferrorosemaryite	◻NaFe²⁺Fe³⁺Al(PO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m
8.AC.15	Bobfergusonite	Na₂Mn₅FeAl(PO₄)₆	Mon. 2/m : P2/b
8.AC.15	Wyllieite	(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO₄)₃	Mon. 2/m
8.AC.17	Czochralskiite	Na₄Ca₃Mg(PO₄)₄	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
8.AC.18	Manitobaite	Na₁₆Mn²⁺ ₂₅Al₈(PO₄)₃₀	Mon. m : Pb
8.AC.20	Marićite	NaFe²⁺(PO₄)	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pmna
8.AC.25	Schäferite	(NaCa₂)Mg₂(VO₄)₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
8.AC.25	Berzeliite	(NaCa₂)Mg₂(AsO₄)₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
8.AC.25	Matyhite	Ca₁₈(Ca,◻)₂Fe²⁺₂(PO₄)₁₄	Trig. 3m : R3c
8.AC.25	Hedegaardite	(Ca,Na)₉(Ca,Na)Mg(PO₄)₆(PO₃OH)	Trig. 3m : R3c
8.AC.25	Manganberzeliite	(NaCa₂)Mn²⁺₂(AsO₄)₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
8.AC.25	Palenzonaite	(NaCa₂)Mn²⁺₂(VO₄)₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
8.AC.30	Brianite	Na₂CaMg(PO₄)₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
8.AC.35	Vitusite-(Ce)	Na₃(Ce,La,Nd)(PO₄)₂	Orth. mm2 : Pca2₁
8.AC.40	Bario-olgite	(Ba,Sr)(Na,Sr,REE)₂Na(PO₄)₂ ·	Trig. 3 : P3
8.AC.40	Olgite	(Sr,Ba)(Na,Sr,REE)₂Na(PO₄)₂	Trig. 3m(32/m) : P3m1
8.AC.45	Magnesiochangesite-(Ce)	(Ca₈Ce)◻Mg(PO₄)₇	Trig. 3m : R3c
8.AC.45	Tuite	Ca₃(PO₄)₂	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
8.AC.45	Ferromerrillite	Ca₉NaFe²⁺(PO₄)₇	Trig. 3m : R3c
8.AC.45	Strontiowhitlockite	Sr₉Mg(PO₄)₆(PO₃OH)	Trig. 3m : R3c
8.AC.45	Magnesiochangesite-(Y)	(Ca₈Y)◻ Mg(PO₄)₇	Trig. 3m : R3m
8.AC.45	Changesite-(Ce)	(Ca₈Ce)◻Fe²⁺(PO₄)₇	Trig. 3m : R3c
8.AC.45	Merrillite	Ca₉NaMg(PO₄)₇	Trig. 3m : R3m
8.AC.47	Iwateite	Na₂BaMn(PO₄)₂	Trig. 3 : P3
8.AC.47	Ozerovaite	Na₂KAl₃(AsO₄)₄	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmca
8.AC.47	Yurmarinite	Na₇(Fe³⁺,Mg,Cu)₄(AsO₄)₆	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3c
8.AC.47	Pansnerite	K₃Na₃(Fe³⁺,Al)₆(AsO₄)₈	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
8.AC.47	Anatolyite	Na₆(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe³⁺)₃Al(AsO₄)₆	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3c
8.AC.50	Fillowite	Na₃CaMn²⁺₁₁(PO₄)₉	Trig. 3 : R3
8.AC.50	Galileiite	Na₃Fe²⁺Fe²⁺₁₁(PO₄)₉	Trig. 3 : R3
8.AC.50	Johnsomervilleite	Na₃CaFe₁₁(PO₄)₉	Trig. 3 : R3
8.AC.50	Xenophyllite	Na₄Fe²⁺₇(PO₄)₆	Tric. 1 : P1
8.AC.50	Udinaite	NaMg₄(VO₄)₃	Tet. 42m : I42d
8.AC.50	Arsenudinaite	NaMg₄(AsO₄)₃	Tet. 42m : I42d
8.AC.50	Chladniite	Na₃CaMg₁₁(PO₄)₉	Trig. 3 : R3
8.AC.52	Lasnierite	(Ca,Sr)(Mg,Fe²⁺)₂Al(P[O,F]₄)₃	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbcn
8.AC.55	Pharmazincite	KZnAsO₄	Hex. 6 : P6₃
8.AC.57	Zubkovaite	Ca₃Cu₃(AsO₄)₄	Mon. 2 : B2
8.AC.60	Kosnarite	KZr₂(PO₄)₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3c
8.AC.65	Panethite	(Na,Ca)₂(Mg,Fe²⁺)₂(PO₄)₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
8.AC.70	Stanfieldite	Ca₄Mg₅(PO₄)₆	Mon.
8.AC.75	Ronneburgite	K₂MnV₄O₁₂	Mon. 2/m
8.AC.80	Tillmannsite	Ag₃Hg[(V,As)O₄]	Tet. 4 : I4
8.AC.85	Filatovite	K(Al,Zn)₂(As,Si)₂O₈	Mon. 2/m

Fluorescence of WhitlockiteHide

In UV light:

Not fluorescent.

Other InformationHide

IR Spectrum:

Spectrum very similar to that of synthetic tricalcium phosphate.

Electrical:

Piezoelectric, pyroelectric.

Notes:

Readily soluble in dilute acids.

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for WhitlockiteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-4280.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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External Links:

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

Mineral Dealers:

Buy from D. Joyce minerals

References for WhitlockiteHide

Reference List:

Julien, A.A. (1865) On metabrushite, zeugite, ornithite, and other minerals of the Key of Sombrero, W.I.. American Journal of Science: 40: 367-379. (as Zeugite)

Shepard, C.U., Jr. (1878) On a new mineral, pyrophosporite: an anhydrous pyrophosphate of lime from the West Indies. American Journal of Science: 15: 49-51. (as Pyrophosphorite)

American Mineralogical Society, Program and Abstracts (1940): 7.

Frondel, Clifford (1941) Whitlockite: a new calcium phosphate, Ca3(PO4)2. American Mineralogist, 26 (3) 145-152

Frondel, Clifford (1943) Mineralogy of the calcium phosphates in insular phosphate rock. American Mineralogist, 28 (4) 215-232

Bannister, F. A. (1947) Whitlockite from Sebdou, Oran, Algeria. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 28 (196) 29-30 doi:10.1180/minmag.1947.028.196.06

Frondel, Clifford (1949) Wolfeite, xanthoxenite and whitlockite from the Palermo Mine, New Hampshire. American Mineralogist, 34 (9-10) 692-705

Palache, Charles; Berman, Harry; Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. John Wiley and Sons.pp.684-686

Fisher, D. Jerome (1960) Morinite-apatite-whitlockite. American Mineralogist, 45 (5-6) 645-667

GOPAL, R.; CALVO, C. (1972) Structural Relationship of Whitlockite and βCa3(PO4)2. Nature Physical Science, 237 (71). 30-32 doi:10.1038/physci237030a0

Gopal, Ramanathan, Calvo, Crispin, Ito, Jun, Sabine, W. K. (1974) Crystal Structure of Synthetic Mg-Whitlockite, Ca18Mg2H2(PO4)14. Canadian Journal of Chemistry, 52 (7). 1155-1164 doi:10.1139/v74-181

Calvo, C, Gopal R. (1975) The crystal structure of whitlockite from the Palermo quarry. American Mineralogist, 60 (1-2) 120-133

Kostiner, E., Rea, J. R. (1976) The crystal structure of manganese-whitlockite, Ca18Mn2H2(PO4)14. Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry, 32 (1) 250-253 doi:10.1107/s0567740876002690

Schroeder, L.W., Dickens, B., Brown, W.E. (1977) Crystallographic studies of the role of Mg as a stabilizing impurity in β-Ca3(PO4)2. II. Refinement of Mg-containing β-Ca3(PO4)2. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 22. 253-262 doi:10.1016/0022-4596(77)90002-0

Dowty, Eric (1977) Phosphate in Angra dos Reis: Structure and composition of the Ca3(PO4)2 minerals. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 35 (2) 347-351 doi:10.1016/0012-821x(77)90136-4

Horvath, L. (2003). Whitlockit vom Big Fish River, Yukon, Kanada. Lapis, 28(9), 39-40 + 58.

(2005) Whitlockite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Tsirlin, Alexander A.; Dikarev, Evgeny V.; Shpanchenko, Roman V.; Antipov, Evgeny V. (2006) A new whitlockite, Ca_8.42Na_1.16V(PO₄)₇. Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications, 62 (2). i13-i15 doi:10.1107/s0108270105039041

Hughes, J. M., Jolliff, B. L., Rakovan, J. (2008) The crystal chemistry of whitlockite and merrillite and the dehydrogenation of whitlockite to merrillite. American Mineralogist, 93 (8) 1300-1305 doi:10.2138/am.2008.2683

Tait, K. T.; Barkley, M. C.; Thompson, R. M.; Origlieri, M. J.; Evans, S. H.; Prewitt, C. T.; Yang, H. (2011) Bobdownsite, a new mineral species from Big Fish River, Yukon, Canada, and its structural relationship with whitlockite-type compounds. The Canadian Mineralogist, 49 (4). 1065-1078 doi:10.3749/canmin.49.4.1065

Adcock, C. T., Hausrath, E. M., Forster, P. M., Tschauner, O., Sefein, K. J. (2014) Synthesis and characterization of the Mars-relevant phosphate minerals Fe- and Mg-whitlockite and merrillite and a possible mechanism that maintains charge balance during whitlockite to merrillite transformation. American Mineralogist, 99 (7) 1221-1232 doi:10.2138/am.2014.4688

McCubbin, Francis M., Phillips, Brian L., Adcock, Christopher T., Tait, Kimberly T., Steele, Andrew, Vaughn, John S., Fries, Marc D., Atudorei, Viorel, Vander Kaaden, Kathleen E., Hausrath, Elisabeth M. (2018) Discreditation of bobdownsite and the establishment of criteria for the identification of minerals with essential monofluorophosphate (PO3F2–) American Mineralogist, 103 (8) 1319-1328 doi:10.2138/am-2018-6440("bobdownsite" = whitlockite)

Capitelli, Francesco, Bosi, Ferdinando, Capelli, Silvia C., Radica, Francesco, Della Ventura, Giancarlo (2021) Neutron and XRD Single-Crystal Diffraction Study and Vibrational Properties of Whitlockite, the Natural Counterpart of Synthetic Tricalcium Phosphate. Crystals, 11 (3). 225 doi:10.3390/cryst11030225

Jia, Muhua, Liu, Yungui, Jiang, Sheng, Wen, Wen, Zhai, Shuangmeng (2024) Compressibility, thermal expansion and Raman scattering of synthetic whitlockite Ca9Mg (PO3OH)(PO4) 6 at high pressures and high temperatures. American Mineralogist, 109 (11). 1973-1981

Localities for WhitlockiteHide

Showing 138 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Algeria
Tlemcen Province Sebdou District ⓘ Sebdou	Bannister (1947) +1 other reference

Anguilla
ⓘ Sombrero Island (Hat Island)	Palache et al. (1951)

Antarctica
East Antarctica ⓘ MacAlpine Hills 88105 Lunar meteorite	Semenova et al. (1992, March)
Queen Maud Land Steingarden Nunataks site ⓘ Steingarden Nunataks 07002 meteorite	Brandstätter et al. (2014)
ⓘ Steingarden Nunataks 07003 meteorite	Brandstätter et al. (2014)
ⓘ Steingarden Nunataks 07004 meteorite	Brandstätter et al. (2014)

Argentina
Buenos Aires Province Coronel Suaréz D'Orbigny ⓘ D'Orbigny meteorite	Hwang et al. (2014)
Chaco Province Doce de Octubre Department Gancedo ⓘ Campo del Cielo meteorite ?	Bunch et al. (1970)

Australia
South Australia District Council of Mount Remarkable Wilmington ⓘ Spring Creek Mine	Pring et al. (1999) +1 other reference
Naracoorte Lucindale Council Naracoorte Caves National Park ⓘ Robertson Cave	Forbes et al. (2006)
Pastoral Unincorporated Area Gammon Ranges Vulkathunha-Gammon Ranges National Park ⓘ Wooltana Cave	Snow et al. (2014)
Weekeroo Station ⓘ Weekeroo Station meteorite ?	Bunch et al. (1970)
Western Australia Dundas Shire Cocklebiddy Roadhouse ⓘ Murra-El-Elevyn Cave	Caves: processes +1 other reference
Madura Roadhouse ⓘ Petrogale Cave	Bridge (1977)

Austria
Carinthia Spittal an der Drau District Millstatt lake ⓘ Laggerhof	Walter (1998) +1 other reference
Spittal an der Drau Wolfsberg ⓘ Feldspar quarry	Pichler (2009)

Bahamas
San Salvador District San Salvador Island ⓘ San Salvador caves	Onac et al. (2001) +1 other reference

Brazil
Ceará Salitre ⓘ Campos Sales meteorite	adsabs.harvard.edu (n.d.)
Minas Gerais Martinho Campos Ibitira ⓘ Ibitira meteorite	Heim et al. (March 1999)
Paraíba Picuí ⓘ Alto Lagoa do André	Sergio Varvello collection
Rio de Janeiro Angra dos Reis Ilha Grande ⓘ Angra dos Reis meteorite	Prinz et al. (1977) +1 other reference

Canada
Manitoba Lac-du-Bonnet area Bernic Lake ⓘ Tanco Mine	153-155. +2 other references
Newfoundland and Labrador Labrador Seal Lake alkaline complex (Letitia Lake) ⓘ Mann 1 (Letitia Lake)	GSC locality database +1 other reference
Saskatchewan Springwater ⓘ Springwater meteorite	Davis et al. (1989, March)
Yukon Dawson mining district ⓘ Big Fish River	Horvath (2003) +1 other reference
ⓘ Locality 16	Richard Gunter Collection.
ⓘ Rapid Creek	[MinRec 23:Yukon 34] +1 other reference

Cape Verde
Barlavento Islands Sal Island ⓘ Morrinho do Açúcar	Maffeis et al. (2026)
ⓘ Morrinho do Filho	Maffeis et al. (2026)

Chile
Antofagasta Antofagasta Province Taltal ⓘ Vaca Muerta meteorite	Kimura et al. (1991)

China
Anhui Bozhou Qiaocheng District Xiaoyanzhuang ⓘ Boxian meteorite	Kuiren Wang and Junxin Wang (1987)
Guangdong Shaoguan Wengyuan Co. ⓘ Yanzhuang meteorite	Xie et al. (2014)
Hubei Suizhou Zengdu District Xihe ⓘ Suizhou meteorite (Suizhou L6 chondrite)	Chen et al. (2008) +1 other reference
Jiangsu Taizhou Gaogang District Sixiangkou ⓘ Sixiangkou meteorite	Chen et al. (2004)
Jilin Jilin Chuanying District ⓘ Jilin meteorite (Jilin H5 chondrite) ?	Wankang Huang et al. (1978)
Shaanxi Hanzhong Ningqiang County ⓘ Ningqiang meteorite (Ningqiang carbonaceous chondrite)	Wang et al. (2009)
Xinjiang Changji Autonomous Prefecture (Sanji Autonomous Prefecture) Fukang Co. ⓘ Fukang meteorite	Connolly et al. (2006)

Cuba
Santiago de Cuba Province ⓘ Atabex cave (Cueva Atabex)	Anthony et al. (2016)

Curaçao
ⓘ Santa Barbara Tafelberg quarry	Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference

France
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Alpes-Maritimes Grasse Arrondissement Saint-Cézaire-sur-Siagne ⓘ Guano Cave	Audra et al. (2019)

Germany
Bavaria Upper Bavaria Traunstein District ⓘ Chiemsee pseudocrater	Neumair et al. (2016)
Upper Palatinate Neustadt an der Waldnaab District Waidhaus Hagendorf ⓘ Hagendorf South Pegmatite	Dill (2015)
Hesse Giessen Region Lahn-Dill-Kreis Lahnau Waldgirmes ⓘ Rotläufchen Mine	Weiß (1990)
North Rhine-Westphalia Cologne Aachen Stolberg ⓘ Münsterbusch zinc smelter slag locality ?	Blaß et al. (1995)
Saxony-Anhalt Altmarkkreis Salzwedel Salzwedel Hohenlangenbeck ⓘ Salzwedel meteorite	Matthes (1995)
Schleswig-Holstein Nordfriesland Joldelund ⓘ Kammberg slag locality	Wittern (2001)
Thuringia Greiz District Kauern ⓘ Lichtenberg Absetzer dump	Witzke et al. (1998)

India
Bihar Gaya District ⓘ Shergotty Martian meteorite	Lundberg et al. (1988)
Tamil Nadu Dindigul district ⓘ Kodaikanal meteorite	Kurat et al. (2005)

Iran
Kurdistan Province Divandarreh County ⓘ Kraftu cave	Amin et al. (2022)
Markazi Province Delijan County Naragh (Naraq; Narāq; Narāk) ⓘ Naragh meteorite	Adib D. (1979)

Italy
Marche Macerata Province Pollenza ⓘ Monte Milone meteorite	Maras et al. (1979)
Sicily Agrigento Province Agrigento ⓘ Girgenti meteorite	Levi-Donati G.R. (1972)

Kenya
Laikipia County ⓘ Rumuruti meteorite	Schulze et al. (1993) +1 other reference

Malaysia
Sarawak Miri Division ⓘ Niah Great Cave (Gunong Jerneb)	Bridge et al. (1983) +1 other reference

Mexico
Coahuila Cuatro Ciénegas Municipality Cuatro Ciénegas Limestone caves ⓘ Rosillo cave	Forti (2006)
Durango Mapimí Municipality Mapimí ⓘ San Ilario Mine	Panczner (1987)
Guerrero Acapulco de Juárez Municipality ⓘ Acapulco meteorite	Michel-Lévy et al. (1978)

Middle East
ⓘ Hatrurim Formation	Vapnik et al. (2006)

Morocco
Drâa-Tafilalet Region Ouarzazate Province Amerzgane Cercle Ouisselsate Caïdat ⓘ Angarf-South pegmatite	Favreau (2012)
Marrakesh-Safi Region Rehamna Province Sidi Bou Othmane Cercle Jebilet Mountain (Djebilet Mountain) Sidi Bou Othmane ⓘ Mrirat pegmatite	Favreau (2012)

Namibia
Erongo Region Dâures Constituency ⓘ Sandamap North Farm 115	von Bezing (2007)
ⓘ Sandamap pegmatite	Keller (1974)
Karibib Constituency Okatjimukuju Farm 55 (Friedrichsfelde Farm) ⓘ Clementine II pegmatite	Keller et al. (1989)
Oshikoto Region Tsumeb ⓘ Tsumeb Mine (Ongopolo Mine)	New Mineral Names. Mineral News et al. (January 2012)

Nigeria
Katsina Faskari ⓘ Zagami Martian meteorite	McCoy et al. (1999) +2 other references

Northwest Africa Meteorites
ⓘ Northwest Africa 6828 meteorite (NWA 6828)	Greshake (2014)

Norway
Telemark Bamble ⓘ Ødegården apatite mines	Morton (1961)

Oman
Al Wusta Governorate Sayh al Uhaymir ⓘ Sayh al Uhaymir 094 Martian meteorite (SaU 094) ?	MPS 37 (2002)
ⓘ Sayh al Uhaymir 169 Lunar meteorite (SaH 169)	Meteoritical Bulletin et al. (2003)
Dhofar Governorate ⓘ Dhofar 019 Martian meteorite (Dho 019)	Taylor et al. (2000)
ⓘ Dhofar 378 Martian meteorite (Dho 378)	Yukio et al. (2006)

Philippines
Luzon Calabarzon Region Quezon province ⓘ Bondoc meteorite	H. J. Axon and M. J. Nasir (1977)

Poland
Greater Poland Voivodeship Poznań ⓘ Morasko meteorite	Karwowski et al. (2015)
Lower Silesian Voivodeship Dzierżoniów County Gmina Niemcza Gilów ⓘ Gilów pegmatite	Pieczka A. et al. (2004)
Świdnica County Gmina Świdnica ⓘ Lutomia Górna	Włodek et al. (2011)
ⓘ Michałkowa pegmatites	Pieczka et al. (2015)
ⓘ Góry Sowie Block	Pieczka et al. (2017)
Masovian Voivodeship Warsaw ⓘ Baszkówka meteorite	Stepniewski et al. (1998)
Silesian Voivodeship Rybnik County Gmina Czerwionka-Leszczyny ⓘ Dębieńsko Mine heap ?	Kruszewski et al. (2012)

Portugal
Viana do Castelo Ponte da Barca Touvedo (São Lourenço e Salvador) ⓘ Pedra da Moura Mine	Leal Gomes et al. (2009)

Romania
Galați County Galați ⓘ Galați smelter	HÎRTOPANU et al. (2014)
Maramureș County Târgu Lăpuș ⓘ Răzoare	HÎRTOPANU et al. (2025)
Mehedinti County Dubova ⓘ Bats’ Cave (Pestera Liliecilor; Gura Ponicovei Cave; Ponicova Cave)	Puşcaş et al. (2014)

Russia
Altai Krai ⓘ Denisova Cave	Sokol et al. (2022)
Buryatia Zakamensky District Dzhida W-Mo District ⓘ Kholtoson Mine	Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Chaunskii District (Chaun) ⓘ Chaunskij meteorite (Chaunskiy meteorite)	Zaslavskaya et al. (1991, March)
Magadan Oblast Severo-Evensky District ⓘ Omolon meteorite	Sharygin et al. (2006)
Murmansk Oblast Kolsky District ⓘ Kemer meteorite	- (2010)

Saint Helena， Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
ⓘ Ascension Island	[var: Martinite (of Kloos)] Richards (1928) +1 other reference

Saudi Arabia
Mecca Region ⓘ Hibashi Cave	Saudi Geological Survey Open-File ... +1 other reference

South Africa

Gauteng West Rand District Municipality Far West Rand Western Sector Carletonville ⓘ West Driefontein cave	Martini et al. (1978)
Mpumalanga Ehlanzeni District Municipality Mbombela Local Municipality Mbombela ⓘ Mbobo Mkulu Cave	Martini (1997)
North West Dr Kenneth Kaunda District Municipality JB Marks Local Municipality Ventersdorp ⓘ Boons Cave	Martini et al. (1978)
Western Cape West Coast District Municipality Cederberg Local Municipality ⓘ Elands Bay Cave	Miller et al. (2016)

Spain
Andalusia Granada Colomera ⓘ Colomera meteorite	Takeda et al. (2003)
Aragon Huesca Isábena Roda de Isábena ⓘ Roda meteorite	Domanik et al. (2005)
Castile and Leon Salamanca Garcirrey ⓘ Julita quarry (Cañada pegmatite)	Calvo (2015)
Catalonia Barcelona Vallès Occidental Montcada i Reixac ⓘ Montcada Hill Quarry	Rosell et al. (2010)

USA
California Trinity County Klamath Mountains Hyampom ⓘ Unnamed Phosphate occurrence [1]	Lydon (1964) +3 other references
Illinois Jo Daviess County Woodbine ⓘ Woodbine meteorite ?	Bunch et al. (1970)
Iowa Emmet County ⓘ Estherville meteorite ?	Fuchs L H (1967)
Kentucky Carroll County ⓘ Eagle Station meteorite	Davis et al. (1989, March)
Maine Oxford County Newry ⓘ Bell pit	King et al. (1994) +1 other reference
ⓘ Dunton Gem Quarry	Anthony et al. (2016)
ⓘ Nevel Quarry	King et al. (6)
Nevada ⓘ Goldstrike Mines	Barrick Gold Corporation
Humboldt County Osgood Mountains Potosi Mining District Twin Creeks Mine ⓘ Vista Pit	Min News (1999)
Mineral County Candelaria Mining District ⓘ Argentum Mining Co. Mine (Northern Belle Mine; Holmes Mine)	Kampf et al. (2016)
Candelaria Silver Mine ⓘ Northern Belle pit	Adams (2019)
New Hampshire Grafton County Groton ⓘ Palermo No. 1 Mine (TL)	Rocks & Minerals: 16: 208-211. +6 other references
Strafford County Strafford ⓘ Parker Mountain Mine	Rocks & Min.:64:504. +1 other reference
Puerto Rico Mayagüez ⓘ Mona Island	[var: Martinite (of Kloos)] Anthony et al. (2016)
ⓘ Monito Island (Moneta Island; Muna Muna Island)	Wise (1997)
South Dakota Custer County Custer Mining District Custer ⓘ Bull Moose Mine	Januzzi et al. (1976)
Fourmile ⓘ Tip Top Mine	Rocks & Minerals: 60: 117. +2 other references
Pringle Cicero Peak ⓘ White Elephant Mine	Smith et al. (2000)
Texas Castro County Dimmitt ⓘ Dimmitt meteorite	Rubin et al. (1983)
Utah Rich County Crawford Mountains ⓘ Arickaree Mine (Arikaree Mine)	- (2005)
ⓘ Benjamin Mine	- (2005)
ⓘ Emma Mine	- (2005)
ⓘ Mandan Mine	- (2005)
ⓘ Otto Mine	- (2005)
ⓘ Sioux Claim	- (2005)
ⓘ Unnamed Mines (MRDS - 10041747)	- (2005)
Laketown Mining District ⓘ Laketown Canyon	- (2005)
Woodruff Creek ⓘ Phosphate Deposits (MRDS - 10041748)	- (2005)
West Virginia Grant County Landes ⓘ Landes meteorite	Meteoritics
Wisconsin Waushara County Saxeville ⓘ Pine River meteorite ?	Bunch et al. (1970)

Venezuela
Federal Dependencies ⓘ Los Monges Islands (Los Monjes Islands; Los Monjes Archipelago; Monk's Island)	Frondel (1943) +1 other reference
Miranda ⓘ Cueva Ricardo Zuloaga	Urbani (1996)
ⓘ Unspecified Caves	Franco Urbani (2009)

Outer Space
Main Belt Asteroids ⓘ Itokawa	Terada et al. (2018)

The Moon
Descartes Highlands ⓘ Apollo 16 landing site	Dowty et al. (1974)
Mare Imbrium Palus Putredinis ⓘ Apollo 15 landing site area	Peckett et al. (1972) +1 other reference

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