The Åkulla Au-Te deposit, located in the eastern part of the Skellefte mining district, northern Sweden, has known production, reserves, and resources (including inferred) of 11.8 million tonnes (Mt) of ore grading 4.1 g/t Au, 7.7 g/t Ag, 150.0 g/t Te, 89.7 g/t Bi, and 1.0 wt % S. Textures indicate episodic brecciation in a sea-floor to subseafloor environment during emplacement of coherent dacite and andesite bodies and ongoing hydrothermal alteration. The Au-Te mineralization is intimately related to the hydrothermal system that altered and brecciated the volcanic host rocks and appears to constitute part of the hydrothermal feeder conduit to nearby VMS mineralization.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.

ⓘ Gold

ⓘ Tellurium

Mineral List

25 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Altaite

Formula: PbTe

References:

Nordfeldt, Paulina (2025) The \AAkulla Volcanic-Hosted Au-Te Deposit, Skellefte District, Sweden: Characterization of Host Rocks, Alteration and Mineralization. Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University.

ⓘ Andalusite

Formula: Al₂(SiO₄)O

References:

Nordfeldt, Paulina; Allen, Rodney L.; Pitcairn, Iain K.; Gibson, Harold L.; Albrecht, Lena (2026) The Origin of Topaz-Rich Breccias at the Åkulla Au-Te Deposit, Paleoproterozoic Skellefte District, Sweden. Economic Geology, 121 (1). 117-143 doi:10.5382/econgeo.5207

ⓘ 'Apatite'

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)

References:

ⓘ Arsenopyrite

Formula: FeAsS

References:

ⓘ 'Biotite'

Formula: K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂

References:

ⓘ Calaverite

Formula: AuTe₂

References:

ⓘ Chalcopyrite

Formula: CuFeS₂

References:

ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'

References:

ⓘ Coloradoite

Formula: HgTe

References:

ⓘ Corundum

Formula: Al₂O₃

References:

ⓘ Falkmanite

Formula: Pb₃Sb₂S₆

References:

ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'

References:

ⓘ Fluorite

Formula: CaF₂

References:

ⓘ Galena

Formula: PbS

References:

ⓘ Kaolinite

Formula: Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄

References:

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

References:

ⓘ Muscovite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite

Formula: K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂

References:

ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

ⓘ Native Gold

Formula: Au

References:

ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum

Formula: (Au,Ag)

References:

ⓘ Native Tellurium

Formula: Te

References:

ⓘ Petzite

Formula: Ag₃AuTe₂

References:

ⓘ 'Phyllosilicate'

References:

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

References:

ⓘ Pyrophyllite

Formula: Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂

References:

ⓘ Pyrrhotite

Formula: Fe_1-xS

References:

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

References:

ⓘ Rutile

Formula: TiO₂

References:

ⓘ 'Smectite Group'

Formula: A_0.3D_2-3[T₄O₁₀]Z₂ · nH₂O

References:

ⓘ Sphalerite

Formula: ZnS

References:

ⓘ Tellurobismuthite

Formula: Bi₂Te₃

References:

ⓘ Topaz

Formula: Al₂(SiO₄)(F,OH)₂

Fluorescence: using short-wave ultraviolet (SWUV) light (wavelength of 254 nm) under which the topaz fluoresces a bright turquoise to purple color

References:

ⓘ Volynskite

Formula: AgBiTe₂

References:

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘ	Native Gold var. Electrum	1.AA.05	(Au,Ag)
ⓘ		1.AA.05	Au
ⓘ	Native Tellurium	1.CC.10	Te
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Petzite	2.BA.75	Ag₃AuTe₂
ⓘ	Coloradoite	2.CB.05a	HgTe
ⓘ	Sphalerite	2.CB.05a	ZnS
ⓘ	Chalcopyrite	2.CB.10a	CuFeS₂
ⓘ	Pyrrhotite	2.CC.10	Fe_1-xS
ⓘ	Altaite	2.CD.10	PbTe
ⓘ	Galena	2.CD.10	PbS
ⓘ	Tellurobismuthite	2.DC.05	Bi₂Te₃
ⓘ	Calaverite	2.EA.10	AuTe₂
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Arsenopyrite	2.EB.20	FeAsS
ⓘ	Falkmanite	2.HC.15	Pb₃Sb₂S₆
ⓘ	Volynskite	2.JA.20	AgBiTe₂
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘ	Fluorite	3.AB.25	CaF₂
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Corundum	4.CB.05	Al₂O₃
ⓘ	Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	Rutile	4.DB.05	TiO₂
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Andalusite	9.AF.10	Al₂(SiO₄)O
ⓘ	Topaz	9.AF.35	Al₂(SiO₄)(F,OH)₂
ⓘ	Pyrophyllite	9.EC.10	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
ⓘ	Muscovite var. Illite	9.EC.15	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
ⓘ		9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	var. Sericite	9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Kaolinite	9.ED.05	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Biotite'	-	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
ⓘ	'Chlorite Group'	-
ⓘ	'Feldspar Group'	-
ⓘ	'Smectite Group'	-	A_0.3D_2-3[T₄O₁₀]Z₂ · nH₂O
ⓘ	'Apatite'	-	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘ	'Phyllosilicate'	-

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
H	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
H	ⓘ Kaolinite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
H	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Pyrophyllite	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Topaz	Al₂(SiO₄)(F,OH)₂
H	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Smectite Group	A_0.3D_2-3[T₄O₁₀]Z₂ · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Andalusite	Al₂(SiO₄)O
O	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
O	ⓘ Corundum	Al₂O₃
O	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
O	ⓘ Kaolinite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Pyrophyllite	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
O	ⓘ Topaz	Al₂(SiO₄)(F,OH)₂
O	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Smectite Group	A_0.3D_2-3[T₄O₁₀]Z₂ · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
F	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
F	ⓘ Topaz	Al₂(SiO₄)(F,OH)₂
F	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Andalusite	Al₂(SiO₄)O
Al	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Al	ⓘ Corundum	Al₂O₃
Al	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Kaolinite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Al	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Pyrophyllite	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Topaz	Al₂(SiO₄)(F,OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Andalusite	Al₂(SiO₄)O
Si	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Si	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Kaolinite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Si	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Pyrophyllite	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Topaz	Al₂(SiO₄)(F,OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
S	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
S	ⓘ Falkmanite	Pb₃Sb₂S₆
S	ⓘ Galena	PbS
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
S	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
K	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
K	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
Ca	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Ti	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
Fe	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Fe	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Zn	Zinc
Zn	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
As	Arsenic
As	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
Ag	Silver
Ag	ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum	(Au,Ag)
Ag	ⓘ Petzite	Ag₃AuTe₂
Ag	ⓘ Volynskite	AgBiTe₂
Sb	Antimony
Sb	ⓘ Falkmanite	Pb₃Sb₂S₆
Te	Tellurium
Te	ⓘ Altaite	PbTe
Te	ⓘ Calaverite	AuTe₂
Te	ⓘ Coloradoite	HgTe
Te	ⓘ Petzite	Ag₃AuTe₂
Te	ⓘ Native Tellurium	Te
Te	ⓘ Tellurobismuthite	Bi₂Te₃
Te	ⓘ Volynskite	AgBiTe₂
Au	Gold
Au	ⓘ Calaverite	AuTe₂
Au	ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum	(Au,Ag)
Au	ⓘ Native Gold	Au
Au	ⓘ Petzite	Ag₃AuTe₂
Hg	Mercury
Hg	ⓘ Coloradoite	HgTe
Pb	Lead
Pb	ⓘ Altaite	PbTe
Pb	ⓘ Falkmanite	Pb₃Sb₂S₆
Pb	ⓘ Galena	PbS
Bi	Bismuth
Bi	ⓘ Tellurobismuthite	Bi₂Te₃
Bi	ⓘ Volynskite	AgBiTe₂

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

Baltic Shield (Fennoscandian Shield)Shield

Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate

Baltic Shield
- Central Finland Arc ComplexVolcanic Arc

EuropeContinent

ScandinaviaRegion

Sweden

⭔Västerbotten ProvinceProvince

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References

[1]Nordfeldt, Paulina; Allen, Rodney L.; Pitcairn, Iain K.; Gibson, Harold L.; Albrecht, Lena (2026) The Origin of Topaz-Rich Breccias at the Åkulla Au-Te Deposit, Paleoproterozoic Skellefte District, Sweden. Economic Geology, 121 (1). 117-143 doi:10.5382/econgeo.5207

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