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Tellurobismuthite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered

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Photos of Tellurobismuthite (72)Discuss Tellurobismuthite

Tellurobismuthite Gallery Search Photos of Tellurobismuthite

Edit Tellurobismuthite Add Synonym Edit CIF structures Clear Cache

Tellurobismuthite

Kutemajärvi mine, Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, Finland

Tellurobismuthite

Boliden Mine, Boliden, Skellefteå, Västerbotten County, Sweden

Tellurobismuthite

Kutemajärvi mine, Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, Finland

Tellurobismuthite

Kutemajärvi mine, Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, Finland

Tellurobismuthite

Boliden Mine, Boliden, Skellefteå, Västerbotten County, Sweden

Tellurobismuthite

Kutemajärvi mine, Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, Finland

Tellurobismuthite

Kutemajärvi mine, Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, Finland

Tellurobismuthite

Boliden Mine, Boliden, Skellefteå, Västerbotten County, Sweden

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About TellurobismuthiteHide

Formula:

Bi₂Te₃

Colour:

Lead-gray, silvery-white cleavage reflections

Lustre:

Metallic

Hardness:

1½ - 2

Specific Gravity:

7.815

Crystal System:

Trigonal

Member of:

Tetradymite Group

Name:

The name reflects its composition: tellurium and bismuth.

Co-Type Localities:

ⓘ Mosnap Mine, Moisesberg Mines, Fyresdal, Telemark, Norway
ⓘ Boly Field Mine (Boley Field's Mine; Field's Mine; Field's vein), Dahlonega, Lumpkin County, Georgia, USA
ⓘ Little Mildred mine (Green mine), Sylvanite Mining District, Hidalgo County, New Mexico, USA

Prominent bright silvery metallic cleavages, often curved. Euhedral crystals rare

Tetradymite Group. Tellurantimony-Tellurobismuthite Series. One of many Bi-Te phases known, the list including unnamed species, too.

A solid solution series exists between tellurobismuthite and hedleyite (Brown and Lewis, 1962) : “X-ray study shows that a single solid solution series exists from Te 32 at % to Te 60 at % in the system Bi-Te, which includes the minerals tellurobismuthite, wehrlite and hedleyite.”

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

3907

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:3907:5

IMA Classification of TellurobismuthiteHide

IMA status:

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

IMA Formula:

Bi³⁺₂Te^2-₃

Classification of TellurobismuthiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):

2.DC.05

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
D : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 3 :4 and 2:3
C : Variable M:S

Dana 8th ed.:

2.11.7.2

2 : SULFIDES
11 : A_mB_nX_p, with (m+n):p = 2:3

Hey's CIM Ref.:

3.7.24

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
7 : Sulphides etc. of V, As, Sb and Bi

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference for Standard
Tbi	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of TellurobismuthiteHide

Lustre:

Metallic

Transparency:

Opaque

Colour:

Lead-gray, silvery-white cleavage reflections

Streak:

Pale lead-gray

Hardness:

1½ - 2 on Mohs scale

Tenacity:

Flexible

Cleavage:

Perfect
Perfect {0001}

Density:

7.815 g/cm³ (Measured) 7.857 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of TellurobismuthiteHide

Anisotropism:

Weak

Reflectivity:

Wavelength	R₁ (%)	R₂ (%)
400nm	62.3%	62.9%
420nm	62.4%	63.4%
440nm	62.4%	63.8%
460nm	62.6%	64.0%
480nm	62.6%	64.3%
500nm	62.5%	64.7%
520nm	62.4%	65.3%
540nm	62.4%	65.8%
560nm	62.6%	66.2%
580nm	62.9%	66.5%
600nm	63.2%	66.8%
620nm	63.5%	67.1%
640nm	63.9%	67.5%
660nm	64.5%	67.9%
680nm	65.0%	68.3%
700nm	65.3%	68.4%

Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 68.4%.
R₁ shown in black, R₂ shown in red

Chemistry of TellurobismuthiteHide

Mindat Formula:

Bi₂Te₃

Element Weights:

Element	% weight
Bi	52.196 %
Te	47.805 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.

Elements listed:

Bi, Te - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Common Impurities:

Crystallography of TellurobismuthiteHide

Crystal System:

Trigonal

Class (H-M):

3m(32/m) - Hexagonal Scalenohedral

Space Group:

R3m

Cell Parameters:

a = 4.43 Å, c = 29.91 Å

Ratio:

a:c = 1 : 6.752

Unit Cell V:

508.34 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Year	Locality	Temp (K)
0014367	Tellurobismuthite	Feutelais Y, Legendre B, Rodier N, Agafonov V (1993) A study of the phases in the bismuth - tellurium system Materials Research Bulletin 28 591-596	1993	synthetic	293
0013192	Tellurobismuthite	Nakajima S (1963) The crystal structure of Bi2Te3-xSex Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 24 479-485	1963	synthetic	293
0014688	Tellurobismuthite	Lange P W (1939) Ein vergleich zwischen Bi2Te3 und Bi2Te2S Naturwissenschaften 27 133-134	1939	synthetic	293
0012645	Tellurobismuthite	Atabaeva E Y, Ickevich E S, Mashkov S A, Popova S V, Vereshchagin L F (1968) The polymorphism of bismuth telluride under high pressures and temperatures Fizika Tverdogo Tela 10 62-65	1968		293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Tellurobismuthite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Feutelais Y'
'Legendre B'
'Rodier N'
'Agafonov V'
_journal_name_full 'Materials Research Bulletin'
_journal_volume 28 
_journal_year 1993
_journal_page_first 591
_journal_page_last 596
_publ_section_title
;
 A study of the phases in the bismuth - tellurium system
;
_database_code_amcsd 0014367
_chemical_compound_source 'Synthetic'
_chemical_formula_sum 'Bi2 Te3'
_cell_length_a 4.395
_cell_length_b 4.395
_cell_length_c 30.440
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 120
_cell_volume 509.205
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      7.834
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'R -3 m'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '2/3+x,1/3+y,1/3+z'
  '1/3+x,2/3+y,2/3+z'
  'x,x-y,z'
  '2/3+x,1/3+x-y,1/3+z'
  '1/3+x,2/3+x-y,2/3+z'
  'y,x,-z'
  '2/3+y,1/3+x,1/3-z'
  '1/3+y,2/3+x,2/3-z'
  '-x+y,y,z'
  '2/3-x+y,1/3+y,1/3+z'
  '1/3-x+y,2/3+y,2/3+z'
  '-x,-x+y,-z'
  '2/3-x,1/3-x+y,1/3-z'
  '1/3-x,2/3-x+y,2/3-z'
  '-y,-x,z'
  '2/3-y,1/3-x,1/3+z'
  '1/3-y,2/3-x,2/3+z'
  'x-y,-y,-z'
  '2/3+x-y,1/3-y,1/3-z'
  '1/3+x-y,2/3-y,2/3-z'
  'y,-x+y,-z'
  '2/3+y,1/3-x+y,1/3-z'
  '1/3+y,2/3-x+y,2/3-z'
  '-x+y,-x,z'
  '2/3-x+y,1/3-x,1/3+z'
  '1/3-x+y,2/3-x,2/3+z'
  '-x,-y,-z'
  '2/3-x,1/3-y,1/3-z'
  '1/3-x,2/3-y,2/3-z'
  '-y,x-y,z'
  '2/3-y,1/3+x-y,1/3+z'
  '1/3-y,2/3+x-y,2/3+z'
  'x-y,x,-z'
  '2/3+x-y,1/3+x,1/3-z'
  '1/3+x-y,2/3+x,2/3-z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
Bi   0.00000   0.00000   0.40046   0.02330
Te1   0.00000   0.00000   0.00000   0.01748
Te2   0.00000   0.00000   0.79030   0.01912
loop_
_atom_site_aniso_label
_atom_site_aniso_U_11
_atom_site_aniso_U_22
_atom_site_aniso_U_33
_atom_site_aniso_U_12
_atom_site_aniso_U_13
_atom_site_aniso_U_23
Bi 0.02260 0.02260 0.02441 0.01130 0.00000 0.00000
Te1 0.01916 0.01916 0.01408 0.00961 0.00000 0.00000
Te2 0.02092 0.02092 0.01549 0.01050 0.00000 0.00000

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
10.16 Å	(4)
5.078 Å	(8)
3.767 Å	(4)
3.398 Å	(<1)
3.222 Å	(100)
2.689 Å	(2)
2.376 Å	(25)
2.238 Å	(4)
2.192 Å	(25)
2.142 Å	(2)
2.031 Å	(6)
2.013 Å	(4)
1.995 Å	(2)
1.890 Å	(<1)
1.812 Å	(8)
1.702 Å	(2)
1.693 Å	(<1)
1.611 Å	(6)
1.565 Å	(<1)
1.4901 Å	(8)
1.4756 Å	(2)
1.4513 Å	(<1)
1.4140 Å	(4)
1.3970 Å	(6)
1.3449 Å	(2)
1.3404 Å	(<1)
1.2986 Å	(4)
1.2660 Å	(2)
1.2514 Å	(<1)
1.2242 Å	(<1)
1.2103 Å	(<1)
1.1886 Å	(<1)
1.1610 Å	(<1)
1.1404 Å	(<1)
1.1200 Å	(<1)
1.0963 Å	(<1)
1.0868 Å	(<1)
1.0744 Å	(<1)
1.0464 Å	(<1)
1.0380 Å	(<1)

Comments:

ICDD 15-863 Synthetic. See also ICDD 8-27

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
High-? alteration and/or metamorphism
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12])

Type Occurrence of TellurobismuthiteHide

Co-Type Localities:

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

No designated type material.

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Altaite	Chalcopyrite	Native Bismuth	Native Gold	Pyrrhotite
Tetradymite

Synonyms of TellurobismuthiteHide

Other Language Names for TellurobismuthiteHide

Dutch:Tellurobismuthiet

German:Tellurobismuthit
Tellurobismutit

Russian:Теллуровисмутит

Simplified Chinese:碲铋矿

Spanish:Tellurobismuthita

Relationship of Tellurobismuthite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Tetradymite Group

Other Members of Tetradymite Group:

Baksanite	Bi₆Te₂S₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : P3m1
Dulanggouite	Bi₆Te₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : P3m1
Ehrigite	Bi₈Te₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
Hedleyite	Bi₇Te₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
Ikunolite	Bi₄S₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
Ingodite	Bi₂TeS	Trig.
Joséite-A	Bi₄TeS₂	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
Joséite-B	Bi₄Te₂S	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
Kawazulite	Bi₂Te₂Se	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
Laitakarite	Bi₄(Se,S)₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
Paraguanajuatite	Bi₂Se₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
Pilsenite	Bi₄Te₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
Skippenite	Bi₂TeSe₂	Trig.
Sulphotsumoite	Bi₃Te₂S	Trig. 3m(32/m) : P31m
Tellurantimony	Sb₂Te₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
Telluronevskite	Bi₃TeSe₂	Trig. 3m(32/m) : P3m1
Tetradymite	Bi₂Te₂S	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
Tsumoite	BiTe	Trig. 3m(32/m) : P31m
Vihorlatite	Bi₂₄Se₁₇Te₄	Trig. 3m(32/m) : P3m1
Zipserite	Bi₅S₄	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m

Forms a series with:

Tellurantimony

Tellurantimony-Tellurobismuthite Series

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:

47 photos of Tellurobismuthite associated with Quartz	SiO₂
46 photos of Tellurobismuthite associated with Native Gold	Au
30 photos of Tellurobismuthite associated with Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
21 photos of Tellurobismuthite associated with Calcite	CaCO₃
11 photos of Tellurobismuthite associated with Weissite	Cu_2-xTe
11 photos of Tellurobismuthite associated with 'Limonite'
8 photos of Tellurobismuthite associated with Tetradymite	Bi₂Te₂S
7 photos of Tellurobismuthite associated with Galena	PbS
7 photos of Tellurobismuthite associated with Pyrite	FeS₂
4 photos of Tellurobismuthite associated with Rickardite	Cu₇Te₅

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

2.DC.05	Laitakarite	Bi₄(Se,S)₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
2.DC.05	Paraguanajuatite	Bi₂Se₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
2.DC.05	Telluronevskite	Bi₃TeSe₂	Trig. 3m(32/m) : P3m1
2.DC.05	Hedleyite	Bi₇Te₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
2.DC.05	Hitachiite	Pb₅Bi₂Te₂S₆	Trig. 3m : P3m1
2.DC.05	Tellurantimony	Sb₂Te₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
2.DC.05	'Joséite'	Bi₄TeS₂	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
2.DC.05	Joséite-A	Bi₄TeS₂	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
2.DC.05	Joséite-B	Bi₄Te₂S	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
2.DC.05	Nevskite	Bi(Se,S)	Trig.
2.DC.05	Tetradymite	Bi₂Te₂S	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
2.DC.05	'Protojoséite'	Bi₃(Te,S)₂	Trig.
2.DC.05	Skippenite	Bi₂TeSe₂	Trig.
2.DC.05	Kawazulite	Bi₂Te₂Se	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
2.DC.05	'UM1983-09-S:BiPbTe'	PbBi₃S₂Te
2.DC.05	Pilsenite	Bi₄Te₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
2.DC.05	'Sztrókayite'	Bi₃TeS₂
2.DC.05	Baksanite	Bi₆Te₂S₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : P3m1
2.DC.05	'Joséite-C'	Bi₁₆Te₃S₉
2.DC.05	Vihorlatite	Bi₂₄Se₁₇Te₄	Trig. 3m(32/m) : P3m1
2.DC.05	Tsumoite	BiTe	Trig. 3m(32/m) : P31m
2.DC.05	Ikunolite	Bi₄S₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
2.DC.05	Ehrigite	Bi₈Te₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
2.DC.05	Ingodite	Bi₂TeS	Trig.
2.DC.05	Sulphotsumoite	Bi₃Te₂S	Trig. 3m(32/m) : P31m
2.DC.15	'Castaingite'	CuMo₂S₅	Hex.

Fluorescence of TellurobismuthiteHide

In UV light:

Not fluorescent in UV

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for TellurobismuthiteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-3907.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

Mineral Dealers:

Buy from D. Joyce minerals

References for TellurobismuthiteHide

Reference List:

Esmark,[Jens] (1816) XIV. Description of a new Ore of Tellurium. Transactions of the Geological Society, S. 1 Vol. 3. 413-414First description of tellurobismuthite, as Tellur-Wismuth

Berzelius, Jac (1823) Undersökning af tvenne i K. Vet. Academiens Mineralsamling befintliga Mineralier [Examination of two minerals in the Mineral Collection of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences]. Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar, S. 3 Vol. 11. 183-189as Tellurbunden Wismuth

Lange, Paul W. (1939) Ein Vergleich zwischen Bi2Te3 und Bi2Te2S. Die Naturwissenschaften, 27 (8). 133-134 doi:10.1007/bf01490284

Frondel, C. (1940) Redefinition of tellurobismuthite and vandiestite. American Journal of Science, 238 (12) 880-888 doi:10.2475/ajs.238.12.880

American Mineralogist (1940) 25: 208.

Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1944) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 1 - Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, New York.pp.160-161

Brown, Allan, Lewis, B. (1962) The systems bismuth-tellurium and antimony-tellurium and the synthesis of the minerals hedleyite and wehrlite. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 23. 1597-1604 doi:10.1016/0022-3697(62)90242-1

Kingsbury, A.W.G. (1965) Tellurbismuth and meneghinite, two minerals new to Britain. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 35 (270) 424-426 doi:10.1180/minmag.1965.035.270.19

Anderson, T. L., Krause, H. B. (1974) Refinement of the Sb₂Te₃ and Sb₂Te₂Se structures and their relationship to nonstoichiometric Sb₂Te_3−ySe_y compounds. Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry, 30 (5). 1307-1310 doi:10.1107/s0567740874004729

(2005) Tellurobismuthite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Cook, N. J., Ciobanu, C. L., Wagner, T., Stanley, C. J. (2007) Minerals of the system Bi–Te–Se–S related to the tetradymite archetype: review of classification and compositional variation. The Canadian Mineralogist, 45 (4) 665-708 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.45.4.665

Kohashi, Kaito; Okano, Yutaro; Tanisawa, Daiki; Kaneko, Keisuke; Miyake, Shugo; Takashiri, Masayuki (2024) Surface Modification of Bi2Te3 Nanoplates Deposited with Tin, Palladium, and Tin/Palladium Using Electroless Deposition. Crystals, 14 (2). 132 doi:10.3390/cryst14020132

Localities for TellurobismuthiteHide

Showing 442 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Hide all sections | Show all sections

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Argentina
Mendoza Province Las Heras Department Uspallata District ⓘ San Jorge Cu deposit	Williams et al. (1999) +1 other reference
Salta Province Los Andes department San Antonio de los Cobres Organullo mining district ⓘ Fátima prospect ?	Brodtkorb (2002) +1 other reference
San Luis Province Coronel Pringles Department Carolina ⓘ Puesto La Estancia prospect	Esquivel et al. (2016) +1 other reference
Estancia Grande ⓘ Las Águilas deposit	FERRACUTTI +3 other references

Armenia
Gegharkunik Province Sotk ⓘ Sotk gold mine	Harris et al. (1973) +1 other reference
Kotayk Province Hrazdan ⓘ Megradzor	Extra Lapis English No. 5 Gold +1 other reference
ⓘ Megradzor deposit	Kolpakova et al. (2001) +2 other references
Syunik Province Kapan ⓘ Centralni West	Mederer et al. (2019)

Atlantic Ocean
Mid-Atlantic Ridge complex Semenov region ⓘ Semyenov-2 Hydrothermal Field	Firstova et al. (2019)

Australia
New South Wales Murray Co. Lake George Captain's Flat ⓘ Narongo Gossans	Gilligan (1975)
Queensland Mareeba Shire Mungana ⓘ Mungana Mine	Lehrmann (2012)
Rockhampton Region Mount Morgan ⓘ Mount Morgan Mine	Lawrence (2000) +1 other reference
South Australia Pastoral Unincorporated Area Olympic Dam ⓘ Olympic Dam Mine	Ehrig et al. (2012)
Tasmania West Coast municipality Queenstown district Queenstown ⓘ Mount Lyell Mines	Ralph Bottrill et al in prep. +1 other reference
ⓘ Prince Lyell Mine	Bottrill et al. (2008)
Tyndall Valley ⓘ Henty Mine	Fox
Western Australia Boddington Shire Bannister ⓘ Boddington Mine	Kalleske (2010)
Coolgardie Shire Higginsville Goldfield ⓘ Chalice Gold Mine	Bucci et al. (2002)
Kambalda St. Ives gold camp ⓘ Bellerophon-Nelson Gold Mine	Xue et al. (2014)
Cue Shire Quinns gold area ⓘ Austin prospect	- (2016) +3 other references
Dundas Shire Fraser Range ⓘ King deposit	Dana et al. (2025)
Norseman ⓘ Crown Gold Mine	McQueen et al. (1990)
Kalgoorlie-Boulder Shire Mount Monger Goldfield Aldiss-Karonie ⓘ Karonie Gold Mine	Rice et al. (2016)
Laverton Shire Mount Weld Station ⓘ Sunrise Dam Gold Mine (Sunrise pit; Cleo pit)	Sung (2008)
Yamarna Gruyere Gold Project ⓘ Gruyere Mine	Schreefel et al. (2025)
Sandstone Shire ⓘ Yuinmery volcanogenic massive sulfide project	Hassan et al. (2017)
ⓘ Augustus prospect	Hassan (2014)
ⓘ Just Desserts	Hassan (2014)
Yalgoo Shire ⓘ Golden Grove Mine	Frater (1983)
ⓘ Gossan Hill Cu-Zn deposit	Marston (1979)

Austria
Carinthia Spittal an der Drau District Flattach Wurten ⓘ Hochwurten	Paar et al. (2019)
Salzburg Zell am See District Neukirchen am Großvenediger ⓘ Hochfeld Mine	Dr. Günter Grundmann collection
Vorarlberg Bludenz District Lorüns ⓘ Limestone quarry	Kolitsch et al. (2020)
Vandans ⓘ Rells valley ?	Kolitsch (2014)

Azerbaijan
Balakan District Belokan-Avar ore district ⓘ Filizchai deposit	Int J Econ & Environ Geology Vol 1 (2)

Belgium
Wallonia Liège Eupen Ternell ⓘ Herzogenhügel ?	Weis et al. (1980) +1 other reference
Luxembourg ⓘ Vielsalm	Michel Blondieau. +3 other references
Cahay ⓘ Thier des Carrières	Hatert et al. (2002)

Brazil
Amapá Pedra Branca do Amapari ⓘ Tucano mine	Grandjean da Costa et al. (2019)
Minas Gerais Mariana Passagem de Mariana ⓘ Passagem mine	Oberthür et al. (2008)
Pará Canaã dos Carajás ⓘ Santa Lúcia Cu-Au deposit	Hunger et al. (2021)
Senador José Porfírio ⓘ Volta Grande deposit	Souza et al. (2024)

Bulgaria
Pazardzhik Province Panagyurishte Municipality Elshitsa ⓘ Elshitsa mine	Cook et al. (2002)
Levski ⓘ Radka Mine	Cook et al. (2002) +1 other reference
Sofia Province Chelopech Municipality ⓘ Chelopech Au-Cu Mine	Bonev +4 other references

Burkina Faso
Centre-Sud Region Zoundweogo Province Guiba Department ⓘ Kiaka deposit	Fontaine et al. (2017)

Cambodia
Preăh Vihéar Province ⓘ Phnom Lung	United Nations (1993)

Canada
British Columbia Kamloops Mining Division ⓘ Bonaparte property	Montgomery (n.d.)
Liard Mining Division Iskut River ⓘ Snip Mine	Mihalasky +5 other references
New Westminster Mining Division Harrison Lake Bear Mountain ⓘ Harrison Gold Mine (RN; Abo; GEO)	Bart Cannon
Hope ⓘ Giant Mascot Mine	Manor
Omineca Mining Division Lindquist Lake ⓘ Harrison Group (Deer Horn)	Roberts (2017)
Skeena Mining Division ⓘ Butedale	Peatfield (n.d.)
Khutze River ⓘ Hunter Mine	Dana 7:I:161. +1 other reference
Vancouver Island Alberni Mining Division Kyuquot Sound Amai Inlet (Deep Inlet) ⓘ Patmore Mine (Fil-Mil Mine)	personal correspondence with Giles ... +1 other reference
ⓘ Little Billie Mine (Little Billy; McLeod No.1 Fraction; Van Anda; Vananda) Nanaimo Mining Division	Panteleyev (1964?)
Nanaimo Mining Division Port McNeill ⓘ Merry Widow Mine	www.em.gov.bc.ca (n.d.) +1 other reference
Quadra Island ⓘ Lucky Jim Mine	Anthony et al. (1990)
Vancouver Mining Division Squamish Ashlu Creek ⓘ Ashloo Mine (Ashlu Mine; Golden Coin Mine; Golden King Mine; Ash Mine; Hawk Mine; Ashluck Mine)	Dana7:I:161.
Manitoba Rice Lake Gold District Bissett ⓘ Rice Lake Mine (San Antonio Mine; Gabrielr claim; Harmony Gold Mine?)	Phillips (1979)
Snow Lake District ⓘ Dickstone mine	Phillips (1979)
Thompson Nickel Belt Moab-Setting Lakes area Thompson ⓘ Birchtree Mine	Vale SA
Northwest Territories Mazenod Lake District Diane Lake ⓘ Sue-Dianne deposit	Anthony et al. (1990)
Nunavut Kivalliq Region Nueltin Lake project ⓘ Sandybeach Lake	Geological Survey of Canada et al. (ed. 2)
Ontario Cochrane District Timmins ⓘ Dome mine	Geological Survey of Canada +1 other reference
Whitney Township ⓘ Reef Mine (Porcupine Gold Reef mine)	Contributions to Canadian Mineralogy
Greater Sudbury Denison Township ⓘ Fairbank Lake Road roadcut	Reiner Mielke 2013
Drury Township Worthington area ⓘ Worthington Offset Dike	Robert C. Smith
ⓘ Totten No. 2 Mine	Warren (2013)
Levack Township ⓘ Strathcona Mine	Ames et al. (2003)
McKim Township ⓘ Copper Cliff Mine	Ames et al. (2003)
ⓘ Copper Cliff North Mine	Ames et al. (2003)
Wisner Township ⓘ Broken Hammer Deposit	Wilson (2012) +1 other reference
Sudbury District Snider Township ⓘ Copper Cliff South Mine	Ames et al. (2003) +1 other reference
Unorganized North Sudbury District Leeson Township ⓘ Renabie Mine	Econ Geol (1987)
Thunder Bay District Moss Township ⓘ Huronian Mine (Moss Mine; Ardeen Mine)	Ref.: R.J. Traill 1983
Timiskaming District Bannockburn Township ⓘ Ashley Mine	Harris et al. (1973)
Pacaud Township ⓘ Miller Independence mine	Sabina (2003)
Québec Abitibi-Témiscamingue Abitibi RCM Preissac ⓘ Bousquet No. 1 & No. 2 Mines	Tourigny et al. (1993) +1 other reference
ⓘ Doyon Mine ("Silverstack Mine")	Sabina (2003) +1 other reference
ⓘ Grand Duc Mine	Neyedley et al. (2026)
La Vallée-de-l'Or RCM Val d'Or ⓘ Akasaba Mine (Obaska Mine)	Alexandria Minerals Corp.
ⓘ Bevcon mine (Bevcourt mine; Buffadison mine)	Sabina (2003) +1 other reference
ⓘ Ferderber mine	Sabina (2003) +1 other reference
ⓘ Louvicourt Goldfield Mine (Simkar Mine)	Sabina (2003) +1 other reference
Sigma-Lamaque property ⓘ Lamaque Mine	Econ Geol (1984) +2 other references
ⓘ Ormaque prospect	Bhalla et al. (2026)
ⓘ Sullivan mine	Sabina (2003)
Rouyn-Noranda TE ⓘ Ansil Mine	Sabina (2003)
ⓘ Horne Mine (Noranda Mine)	Anthony et al. (1990)
ⓘ Horne 5 deposit	Krushnisky et al. (2023)
ⓘ Robb-Montbray Mine	Am Min (1948)
Nord-du-Québec Jamésie Baie-James ⓘ Troilus mine	Fraser (1993) +3 other references
Matagami ⓘ Perseverance mine	Kasprowicz (2023)
Saskatchewan ⓘ Seabee Gold Operation	Beaudin et al. (2024)
ⓘ Fisher prospect	Beaudin et al. (2024)
ⓘ Santoy 8 Mine	Beaudin et al. (2024)
ⓘ Seabee Mine	Tourigny et al. (2004)

China
Anhui Tongling Shizishan ore field ⓘ Chaoshan Au deposit	Yunsheng Ren et al. (2007)
Tongguanshan ore field ⓘ Jinkouling Mine (Jingkouling Mine)	Zhao et al. (1999)
ⓘ Tianmashan Mine	Zhao et al. (1999) +1 other reference
Wuhu Nanling County ⓘ Yaojialing Zn-Au deposit	Xiong et al. (2022)
Beijing ⓘ Detiangau Au deposit	Cui et al. (1996) +1 other reference
Fujian Nanping Zhenghe County ⓘ Wangmushan Au deposit	Fan et al. (2026)
Quanzhou Dehua Co. ⓘ Xiaoban Au deposit	Bai-Lin Chen et al. (1999) +1 other reference
Sanming Youxi County ⓘ Shuangqishan Mine	Ma et al. (2022) +1 other reference
Gansu Jinchang Jinchuan District ⓘ Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit (Baijiajuzi Ni-Cu-PGE deposit)	Minzhi Yang (2006)
Longnan Wen County ⓘ Yangshan Au deposit	Fuxin Zhang et al. (2007)
Tianshui Qinzhou District ⓘ Lizi Au deposit	Yunhua Liu et al. (2011) +1 other reference
Guangdong Shanwei Lufeng Co. ⓘ Guantian Mine (Lufeng pyrite mine)	Xuehui Xia et al. (1996) +1 other reference
Zhaoqing Fengkai County ⓘ Maldonite occurrence	Shuzhang Tian et al. (1990)
Gaoyao District ⓘ Hetai gold field	Dexian Yao et al. (1995)
Hainan Ledong Co. ⓘ Baolun Au Mine	Bin Shu et al. (2006)
Hebei Chengde Kuancheng County Jidong gold area ⓘ Yuerya Au deposit	Guo et al. (2024)
ⓘ Yu'erya Mine	Dexin Kong et al. (2013)
Zhangjiakou Chongli District Shuiquangou Complex Dongping Au-Te ore field ⓘ Dongping Mine	Guanxiang Song (1991) +4 other references
ⓘ Ore Body 70	Gao et al. (2015)
ⓘ Zhongshangou Mine	Debao Mao (1992)
Heilongjiang Daxing'anling Huma County ⓘ Pangkaimen Au-Ag deposit	Zhiguo Zhang et al. (2008) +1 other reference
Henan Luoyang Luoning County ⓘ Zhonghe deposit	Xu et al. (2022)
Song County Niutougou Au deposit ⓘ Songligou Au deposit	王鹏 et al. (2016)
Qiyugou ore field ⓘ Gongyu Au deposit	Shihua Li and Jinzhong Qi (2000) +1 other reference
ⓘ Qiyugou Mine	Yigui Han et al. (2007)
Sanmenxia Lingbao City ⓘ Dahu Mine (Dahuyu Mine)	Jian et al. (2015) +2 other references
ⓘ Fancha gold deposit	Liu et al. (2020)
ⓘ Qiangma Mine (Qiangmayu Mine)	Ren et al. (2025)
Qinling Mine ⓘ Yangzhaiyu Au-Pb-Te deposit	Zhenkuan Luo et al. (1999) +5 other references
ⓘ Tonggou Au deposit (incl. Chucha-Luanshi Au deposit)	Shuzhang Tian et al. (1993) +1 other reference
Hubei Huanggang Macheng Co. ⓘ Shuangmiaoguan Au deposit	Li et al. (2026)
Huangshi Daye Co. Edong Mining District ⓘ Jiguanzui Au-Cu deposit	Zhao et al. (1999)
Yangxin Co. Fengshan ore field ⓘ Jilongshan Au-Cu deposit	Zhao et al. (1999)
Yichang Xingshan Co. ⓘ Shuiyuesi Au deposit	Shen et al. (2025)
Zigui Co. ⓘ Maoping Au deposit	Taomei Liu (1984)
Inner Mongolia Alxa League (Alashan Prefecture) Alxa Left Banner (Alashan Zuoqi) ⓘ Zhulazhaga Au deposit	Yan et al. (2025)
Hohhot City (Huhehaote Prefecture) Wuchuan County ⓘ Donghuofang Au deposit	Nie et al. (2002)
Hulunbuir City (Hulunbei'er Prefecture) Ergun City (E'erguna Co.) ⓘ Dongjun Pb-Zn-Ag deposit	张中俭 et al. (2017)
Jiangxi Ganzhou Anyuan Co. ⓘ Pangushan Mine	Yingchen Ren et al. (1986)
Jiujiang Ruichang Co. ⓘ Yangjishan Mine	Qiuming Chen (1990)
Shangrao Dexing Co. Yinshan ore field ⓘ Xishan Cu-Au deposit	Chengde Kang (1990)
Jilin Yanbian Chaoxianzu Hunchun City Xiaoxinancha ⓘ Xiaoxinancha Cu-(Au) deposit (Shuguang Cu-(Au) deposit)	Shangquan Wu (1986)
Qinghai Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Qilian Co. Guomisi-Gadaban ore field ⓘ Wanyanghe Cu-Pb-Zn-polymetallic deposit	Kai Zhang and Yongdong Shi (2000)
Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Dulan County Wulonggou gold field ⓘ Shenshuitan Au deposit	Zhenhai et al. (2025)
Golmud City (Ge'ermu Co.) ⓘ Kendekeke Mine (Kendekok Mine)	Chunyan Dong et al. (2005) +2 other references
ⓘ Sijiaoyang Pb-Zn deposit	Yiming Zhao et al. (2013)
Shaanxi Baoji Feng County Fengxian–Taibai ore cluster ⓘ Baguamiao Mine	www.portergeo.com.au (2007)
Taibai County ⓘ Shuangwang Au deposit	Mao et al. (2002) +2 other references
Shandong Linyi Pingyi County Tongshi complex ⓘ Guilaizhuang Au Mine	Minzhi Yang (2006)
Weihai Rushan Co. Muping-Rushan metallogenic belt Rushan ore field ⓘ Jinqingding Au deposit	Wenxuan Hu et al. (2005) +3 other references
ⓘ Rushan Au deposit	Yuehong Deng and Fu Huang (2007)
Yantai Penglai City ⓘ Qijiagou Au deposit	Shi-Li; Li (2026)
Zhaoyuan City ⓘ Huangbuling Mine (Huangpuling Mine)	Yuan Zhang et al. (2010)
Shanxi Datong Lingqiu County ⓘ Diaoquan Cu-Ag deposit	Zhaolong Li and Lianying Zhang (1999)
Yuncheng Yuanqu Co. Zhongtiaoshan ore field ⓘ Bizigou Cu deposit (Bizhigou Cu deposit)	Yongrui Zhao and Yunqing Zhen (2006)
ⓘ Hujiayu Cu deposit	Yongrui Zhao and Yunqing Zhen (2006)
Sichuan Garzê Autonomous Prefecture (Ganzi Autonomous Prefecture) Danba Co. Xintaizi Au ore field ⓘ Dulanggou Au deposit	Zhang et al. (2026)
Yangliuping Cu-Ni-PGE ore field ⓘ Yangliuping Cu-Ni-PGE deposit	Xiaoqiang Hu et al. (2001)
Kangding County Daduhe gold field ⓘ Huangjinping Au-Te deposit	Zhimin Cao (1991)
Panzhihua Miyi County ⓘ Xinjie Cu-Ni-(PGE) deposit	Zhu et al. (2010)
Ya'an Shimian County ⓘ Dashuigou Te-polymetallic deposit	Yuchuan Chen et al. (1994) +5 other references
Xinjiang Hami Prefecture (Kumul Prefecture; Qumul Prefecture) Yizhou District Huangshan-Jing'erquan ore belt ⓘ Xiangshan Cu-Ni-V-Ti deposit	Jingwen Mao et al. (2007)
ⓘ Huangtan Au deposit	He et al. (2025)
Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture Altay Prefecture (Aletai Prefecture) Fuyun Co. (Koktokay Co.) ⓘ Kalatongke Mine (Kalatunk Mine; Karatungk Mine)	Wei et al. (2023)
Habahe Co. (Kaba Co.; Qaba Co.) ⓘ Duolanasayi Au Mine (Duolanashayi Mine; Duonalasayi Mine)	Huiliang Xiao et al. (2002) +1 other reference
Yunnan Pu'er Simao District ⓘ Dapingzhang Mine	Ru et al. (2025)
ⓘ Yinzishan Au deposit	Mao et al. (2024)
Zhejiang Lishui Longquan ⓘ Babaoshan Au-Ag deposit	Junfa Zhou (1992)
Suichang County Suichang gold mine ⓘ Zhilingtou Au-Ag deposit	Zhenkuan Luo et al. (1985) +3 other references

Czech Republic
Central Bohemian Region Prague-West District Jílové u Prahy Studené ⓘ Pepř mine ?	Litochleb et al. (2000)
Petrov Bohuliby ⓘ Bohuliby deposit	Litochleb et al. (2000)
Příbram District Dubenec ⓘ Uranium Mine No. 19 (Shaft No. 19)	Sejkora et al. (2012)
Hvožďany ⓘ Petráčkova hora deposit	Květoň
Nový Knín ⓘ Libčice	Sejkora et al. (2012)
Příbram Bytíz ⓘ Uranium Mine No. 17 (Shaft No. 17)	Sejkora et al. (2022)

Dominican Republic
Monseñor Nouel Province Maimón ⓘ Cerro de Maimón Mine (Cerro de Maimón deposit)	Torró et al. (2016)

Egypt
Qena Governorate Qift area ⓘ El Sid Mine	Osman et al. (2002)

Fiji
Viti Levu Ba Navilawa ⓘ Tuvatu Mine	16th Australian Geological Convention

Finland
Central Finland Luhanka ⓘ Tammijärvi	Luukkonen (1994)
Kainuu Suomussalmi ⓘ Hietaharju deposit	tupa.gtk.fi (n.d.)
ⓘ Pahkalampi	Kojonen et al. (1996)
Lapland Inari Laanila ⓘ Oiva dyke	Chernet
Rovaniemi ⓘ Vinsa	Eilu (2003)
Sodankylä Kevitsansarvi (Keivitsansarvi) ⓘ Kevitsa Ni-Cu-PGE mine	Mutanen (1997)
North Karelia Ilomantsi ⓘ Korvilansuo prospect	Kojonen
ⓘ Pampalo Au deposit	Geological Survey of Finland 2008. Pampalo (Ward) +1 other reference
ⓘ Valkeasuo (Hosko)	Käpyaho et al 2013. Mineralogical ...
North Ostrobothnia ⓘ Kuusamo	Kalinin (2021)
ⓘ Juomasuo	Geological Survey of Finland 2007 ... +2 other references
ⓘ Konttiaho	Geological Survey of Finland 2008. ...
ⓘ Sivakkaharju	Geological Survey of Finland 2008. ...
Nivala ⓘ Hitura Mine	Kojonen K: K. (2005) +1 other reference
Pudasjärvi ⓘ Rometölväs reef	Karinen
Pyhäjärvi ⓘ Pyhäsalmi Mine	GTK 2010. Pyhäsalmi-Zinc Database.
North Savo Leppävirta ⓘ Rytky deposit	Kojonen et al. (2002)
Pirkanmaa Orivesi Eräjärvi area ⓘ Katottomanvuori	Kärkkäinen Niilo et al. (2016)
ⓘ Kutemajärvi mine	Poutiainen et al. (1996) +1 other reference
Sastamala Suodenniemi ⓘ Isovesi	Luukkonen (1993)
Ylöjärvi Viljakkala ⓘ Haveri mine	Placencia-Gómez et al. (2010)
Satakunta Huittinen ⓘ Jokisivu (Kujankallio)	Eilu (2003)

France
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Cantal Saint-Flour Bonnac ⓘ Scoufour (Bonnac North)	Picot et al. (1982)
Grand Est Bas-Rhin Molsheim Schirmeck ⓘ Le Curé Mine	Wittern et al. (1997)
Occitanie Lozère Florac Vialas ⓘ Soleyrol	A.LANDEL ET AL. (1970)
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Alpes-Maritimes Nice Arrondissement Tende ⓘ Tende Pb-Bi-S-Te occurrence (Les Chanels)	R. Pierrot

Greece
Attica East Attica Lavreotiki Plaka Plaka Mines ⓘ Adami Mine No. 2 ?	Kolitsch et al. (2015) +1 other reference
Central Macedonia Kilkis Kilkis ⓘ Kolchiko deposit	Christos L. Stergiou et al. (2022)
ⓘ Koronouda occurrence	Vavelidis et al. (1994) +2 other references
Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Evros Alexandroupoli ⓘ Pefka deposit	Sejkora et al. (2025)
ⓘ Perama Hill deposit	Voudouris et al. (2011)

Greenland
Kujalleq Napasorsuaq ⓘ Nalunaq Mine	Grammatikopoulos et al. (2004)

Guyana
Cuyuni-Mazaruni Region Omai ⓘ Omai gold mine	Mahdia Gold Corporation
ⓘ Fennell pit	Gabriel Voicu (1999)

Hungary
Heves County Gyöngyös District Gyöngyössolymos ⓘ Névtelen Hill-Nyírjes	Szakáll & Gatter
ⓘ Upper-adit Nyírjes	100 mineral localities of Hungary: ... +2 other references

Italy
Campania Metropolitan City of Naples Bacoli ⓘ Mofete geothermal field	Belkin et al. (2024)

Japan
Aomori Prefecture ⓘ Mutsu mine	K Jouhou (15-4-2002)
Hokkaidō Prefecture Ishikari Subprefecture Sapporo City ⓘ Teine Mine	島倉広至 et al. (2015)
Ibaraki Prefecture Hitachi city Suwa ⓘ Suwa mine	Ishibashi (1960)
Iwate Prefecture Kesen District Sumita-cho Setamai ⓘ Nojiri mine	Anthony et al. (1990)
ⓘ Ojiri mine	Anthony et al. (1990)
Oshu City Esashi ward ⓘ Akagane mine ?	- (n.d.)
Miyagi Prefecture Kesennuma City Motoyoshi ⓘ Oya mine	Anthony et al. (1990) +1 other reference
Nagano Prefecture Chino City ⓘ Kinkei mine	Akira Harada et al. (2010) +1 other reference
Oita Prefecture Saiki City ⓘ Kiura Mine	Anthony et al. (1990)
Shizuoka Prefecture Shimoda City Rendaiji ⓘ Kawazu mine (Rendaiji mine; Rendaizi mine)	- (n.d.) +1 other reference
Tokyo Metropolis Hachijō Subprefecture ⓘ Myojin Knoll Volcano	Iizasa et al. (1992)
Yamagata Prefecture ⓘ Ohari mine (Obari mine)	IZUMINO et al. (2014)

Kazakhstan
Abai Region Borodulikha District Zhezkent ⓘ Orlovskoye deposit	KAZ Minerals
Akmola Region Stepnogorsk Aksu (Aqsu) ⓘ Northern Aksu deposit	Pekov (1998)
ⓘ Southern Aksu deposit	Spiridonov (2014)
Stepnyak group ⓘ Zhana-Tyube deposit	Pekov (1998) +2 other references

Kenya
Siaya County ⓘ Masumbi Au-Cu Prospect	Salimo (2013)

Kyrgyzstan
Naryn Region ⓘ Makmal Au deposit	Baocheng Fan et al. (2014)

Mali
Kayes Region Kayes Cercle Sadiola Commune ⓘ Alamatoula	Masurel et al. (2017)
ⓘ Sadiola (Sadiola Mine)	Masurel (2016) +1 other reference
Sikasso Region Bougouni Cercle ⓘ Morila Mine	Randgold Resources

Mongolia
Bayanhongor Province ⓘ Tsagaan Tsakhir Uul	Władysław Zygo (2011)

Morocco
Marrakesh-Safi Region Al Haouz Province Asni Cercle Tichka Massif ⓘ Oukilal	Paar et al. (2006)

Myanmar
Mandalay Region Pyin-Oo-Lwin District Thabeikkyin Township (Tha Pate Kyin Township) ⓘ CG-1 prospect	Zaw Myint et al. (2022)
ⓘ CG-2 prospect	Zaw Myint et al. (2022)
ⓘ CG-3 prospect	Zaw Myint et al. (2022)
Sagaing Region Katha District Wuntho Township Kyaukpazat (Choukpazat) ⓘ Kyaukpazat gold mine (Choukpazat gold mine)	Zaw (2017)
Shan State Taunggyi District Kalaw Township ⓘ Shwe Min Bon deposit	Sint et al. (2019)
ⓘ Bwet Taung orebody	Sint et al. (2019)
ⓘ Shwe Taung Gyar orebody	Sint et al. (2019)
ⓘ Tiger Mouth orebody	Sint et al. (2019)

North Korea
North Hwanghae Province Suan County Hol Kol Mine ⓘ Eastern orebody	Resource Geology

Norway
Agder Valle Bø ⓘ Bø Copper Mine	Nordrum et al. (1981)
Akershus Bærum (Baerum) ⓘ Markebekk Prospect 1 ?	- (2006)
Eidsvoll Feiring ⓘ Stefferud Mine	Ihlen (1978)
ⓘ Mistberget and Feiring Mining Area	Ihlen (1978)
Buskerud Kongsberg ⓘ Kisgruva	Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse. ... +1 other reference
Innlandet Folldal Folldal Mines ⓘ Grimsdalsgruva	Pedersen (1979) +1 other reference
ⓘ Nordre Geitryggen Mine	Geological Survey of Norway. The Ore ...
ⓘ Søndre Geitryggen Mines	Geological Survey of Norway. The Ore ...
Nordland Bindal ⓘ Kolsvik gold field (Bindalen gold field)	- (2024)
Telemark Fyresdal ⓘ Moisesberg Mines	Nordrum (2006)
ⓘ Grusen Mine	Geological Survey of Norway (NGU) +1 other reference
ⓘ Moberg Mine	Vogt (1886) +1 other reference
ⓘ Mosnap Mine (TL)	Esmark (1816) +1 other reference
Tokke ⓘ Bratterud	Nordrum et al. (1981)
Klauvreid Bandaksli copper mines ⓘ Klauvreidnuten Copper Mine	Geological Survey of Norway. The Ore ...
Troms og Finnmark Kautokeino ⓘ Bidjovagge gold-copper deposit	Neumann (1985)
Trøndelag Orkland Meldal ⓘ Dragset Mine (Dragset copper-zinc deposit)	McQueen (1990) +1 other reference

Pacific Ocean
Tonga-Kermadec Arc ⓘ TA25 East vent field	Choi et al. (2026)

Papua New Guinea
East New Britain Province ⓘ Mount Sinit deposits	Lindley (1998)
Eastern Highlands Province Kainantu ⓘ Kainantu Mine (Bilimoia Au-Bi-W-Te deposit)	K92 Mining

Peru
Arequipa Condesuyos Province Rio Grande district ⓘ San Luis Alta deposit	Alfonso et al. (2023)
Cajamarca Cajabamba Province Cachachi District ⓘ Algamarca mine	Galdos et al. (2024)
ⓘ Shahuindo deposit	Wang et al. (2024)

Philippines
Luzon Cordillera Administrative Region Benguet Province Mankayan ⓘ Victoria Mine	Fermor 2011: Ore Deposits in an ...

Poland
Lesser Poland Voivodeship Kraków City County Będkowska Valley ⓘ Będkowska Cu-Au deposit	Singer et al. (2008)
Lower Silesian Voivodeship Ząbkowice Śląskie County Gmina Bardo Bardo ⓘ Bardo Śląskie ore occurrence	Mikulski (2005, January)
Silesian Voivodeship Myszków County Gmina Żarki ⓘ Myszków Cu-Mo deposit	Singer et al. (2008)
Zawiercie County Gmina Ogrodzieniec ⓘ Ryczów skarn	Harańczyk (1983)

Romania
Alba County Lupșa Mușca ⓘ Roșia Poieni Mine	Cioacă et al. (2014)
Caraş-Severin County ⓘ Oraviţa	Szakáll (2002)
ⓘ Valisor–Tincova	Cook et al. (2002)
Hunedoara County Brad Mustari ⓘ Musariu Cu-Au deposit	Ciobanu et al. (2007) +2 other references
Buceș Stănija ⓘ Larga	Cook et al. (2003) +1 other reference
Certeju de Sus ⓘ Săcărâmb	Cook et al. (2005)
Maramureș County Târgu Lăpuș ⓘ Răzoare	Hirtopanu et al. (2015) +1 other reference

Russia
Altai Republic Topolninsk ore field ⓘ Ribny Log - 2	Cherkasova et al. (2015)
Amur Oblast Urusha-Oldoi ore district ⓘ Berezitovy mine (Berezitovoe; Konstantinovskii)	Nordgold
Bashkortostan Baymaksky District ⓘ Yaman-Kasy deposit	Maslennikov et al. (2005) +1 other reference
Uchalinsky District ⓘ Novo-Uchaly deposit	Vikentyev et al. (2025)
ⓘ Uchaly Cu-Zn deposit	Vikentyev (2015) +1 other reference
ⓘ Yubileynoe mine	Tseluyko et al. (2019) +1 other reference
Buryatia Eastern Sayan ⓘ Pionerskoye Au-quartz deposit	Izvekova et al. (2021)
Okinsky District ⓘ Tissa-Sarkhoi ore cluster	Damdinov et al. (2007)
Yeravninsky District Ozernoe ore cluster ⓘ Kamenny Stream placers	Zhmodik et al. (2023)
Chelyabinsk Oblast Agapovsky District ⓘ Buranov Deposit	Kasatkin et al. (2022)
Kartalinsky District ⓘ Mikheevskoe Cu deposit	Plotinskaya et al. (2018) +1 other reference
Kaslinsky District Kasli ⓘ Mauk deposit	Safina et al. (2015)
Kunashaksky District ⓘ Biksizak deposit	Plotinskaya et al. (2020)
Plastovsky District Plast Kochkar' District ⓘ Svetlinskoe Au deposit	Vikent’eva et al. (2022) +1 other reference
Sosnovsky District Bereznyakovskoe ore field ⓘ Bereznyakovskoe Au deposit (Central Bereznyakovskoe)	Lehmann et al. (1999) +1 other reference
ⓘ Michurino deposit	Plotinskaya et al. (2014) +1 other reference
Pervomayskiy ⓘ Kalinovka porphyry Cu deposit	Plotinskaya et al. (2020)
Verkhneuralsky District Uzelga VHMS deposits Mezhozerny settlement ⓘ Talgan Cu-Zn deposit	Amplieva (2008)
ⓘ Molodezhnoye deposit	Maslennikov et al. (2013)
ⓘ Uzel'ga Zn-Cu deposit (Uzelginsk; Uzel'ginskoe)	Vikentyev et al. (2004)
ⓘ Uzelga-4	Maslennikov et al. (2013)
Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Okhotsk-Chukotka belt ⓘ Svetloye epithermal district	Yakich et al. (2021)
Irkutsk Oblast Bodaybinsky District Bodaibo Lena Gold District ⓘ Chertovo Koryto deposit	Yudovskaya et al. (2016)
Kamchatka Krai Koryak Okrug Karaginsky District ⓘ Ozernovskoe deposit	Bortnikov et al. (2023)
Tigilsky district ⓘ Shanuch Cu-Ni deposit	Stepanov et al. (2021)
Ust-Bolsheretsky District Dukuk Complex (Dukuk Massif) ⓘ Annabergitovaya Schel	Novakov et al. (2021)
ⓘ Kvinum-1 occurrence	Tararin et al. (2007)
ⓘ Kvinum-2 occurrence	Tararin et al. (2007)
Yelizovsky District ⓘ Mutnovskoe	[Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p163-180] +1 other reference
ⓘ Rodnikovoe	[Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p163-180]
Khabarovsk Krai ⓘ Albaza deposit	Kemkina et al. (2018, July)
Nikolayevsky District ⓘ Mnogovershinnoe Au-Ag deposit	Fats’yanov et al. (2010, November) +1 other reference
Okhotsky District ⓘ Svetloye epithermal district	Yakich et al. (2021)
ⓘ Emmy deposit	Tamara Yu. Yakich * et al. (2024) +1 other reference
Murmansk Oblast ⓘ Monchegorsk	Yury L. Voytekhovsky (2008)
Northern Karelia Salla-Kuolajarvi belt ⓘ Mayskoe deposit	Kalinin (2021)
ⓘ Ozernoe Uranium Occurrence	Kalinin (2021)
Olenegorsk ⓘ Kirovogorsk open pit	Bazai et al. (2009)
ⓘ Panarechka volcano	Chernyavsky et al. (2012) +1 other reference
Novosibirsk Oblast ⓘ Egor’evsk ore placer district	Nevolko et al. (2019)
Orenburg Oblast Gaysky District ⓘ Gayskoe Zn-Cu deposit (Gayskoye; Gaiskoye)	Vikent’ev et al. (2006)
Sakmara Zone ⓘ Yaman-Kasy Cu-Zn deposit	Simonov et al. (2006)
Primorsky Krai Dalnegorsk Urban District Dalnegorsk ⓘ Nikolaevskiy Mine	Grant et al. (2001) +1 other reference
ⓘ Ol’ga ore district	Kazachenko et al. (2006, July)
Partizansky District ⓘ Krinichnoe deposit	Shunso Ishihara et al. (1997)
Republic of Karelia Loukhsky District ⓘ Maisk deposit	Safonov et al. (2003)
Suojärvi District ⓘ Roikonkoski	V. I. Ivashchenko et al. (2007) +1 other reference
Sakha Aldan Altan Chaidakhsky ⓘ Lagernoye	Kondratieva et al. (2021)
Guvilgrinsky ⓘ Malenkoye	Kondratieva et al. (2021)
Nimgerkansky ⓘ Granitnoye	Kondratieva et al. (2021) +5 other references
ⓘ Obman	Kondratieva et al. (2021)
ⓘ Podgolechnoe deposit	Kondratieva et al. (2021)
Tyrkandinsky ⓘ Maiskoye	Kondratieva et al. (2021)
ⓘ Spokoinoye	Kondratieva et al. (2021)
Verkhealgominsky ⓘ Bodorono	Kondratieva et al. (2021)
Aldansky District ⓘ Spokoininsky ore cluster	Kondratieva et al. (2023)
ⓘ Mayskoe ore field	Kondratieva et al. (2023)
Upper Amga gold-mining district ⓘ Khatyrkhay ore field	Anisimova et al. (2019) +1 other reference
Indigirka River Basin ⓘ Ergelyakh Deposit	Zaitsev et al. (2019)
Olenyoksky District ⓘ Khaptasynnakh ore zone	Gerasimov et al. (2025)
ⓘ Left Ulakhan Khaptasynnakh creek	Gerasimov et al. (2025)
Tenkeli Au-W-Sn district ⓘ Galechnoe deposit	Gamyanin +6 other references
Sakhalin Oblast Kuril Islands Yuzhno-Kurilsky District Kunashir Island ⓘ Prasolovskoe Au deposit (Prasolovka deposit)	Kovalenker et al. (2005)
Sverdlovsk Oblast Beryozovsky ⓘ Berezovsk deposit	Lehmann et al. (1999)
Ivdelsky Urban Okrug Ivdel ⓘ Saum deposit	Ayupova et al. (2021)
Karpinsk Urban Okrug ⓘ Karpinsk	Murzin et al. (1999)
ⓘ Valentorskoye deposit	Maslennikov et al. (2013)
Rezhevsky District ⓘ Saf'yanovskoe deposit (Safyanovskoe deposit; Saphyanovskoye deposit)	Maslennikov et al. (2013)
Tuva Kaa-Khemsky District Tardan ore cluster ⓘ Barsuchii Au Deposit	Kuzhuget et al. (2020)
ⓘ Tardan Au Deposit	Gas’kov (2008) +1 other reference
Kyzylsky District Kyzyl-Tashtyg ore area ⓘ Kyzyl-Tashtyg deposit	Kuzhuget et al. (2022)
Sut-Kholsky District Aldan-Maadyr ore cluster ⓘ Khaak-Sair occurrence	Кужугет et al. (2021)
ⓘ Aryskanskoye deposit	R. V. Kuzhuget et al. (2017)
Todzhinsky District ⓘ Ak-Sug ore cluster	Kuzhuget et al. (2023) +1 other reference
ⓘ Biche-Kadyr-Oos ore occurrence	Kuzhuget et al. (2023)
Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug Priuralsky District ⓘ Novogodnee-Monto deposit	Soloviev et al. (2013)
ⓘ Petropavlovskoe deposit	Мансуров et al. (2017)
Zabaykalsky Krai Tungokochensky District Vershino-Darasunskiy ⓘ Darasun mine	Lyubimtseva et al. (2018) +1 other reference

Saudi Arabia
Tabuk Region Wejh ⓘ Mahd Adh Dhahab Mine (Mahad Dahahab Mine; Cradle of Gold Mine)	Hakim et al. (1992) +1 other reference

Senegal
Kédougou Region Saraya ⓘ Baqata prospect	Lambert-Smith et al. (2020)
ⓘ Kolya prospect	Lambert-Smith et al. (2020)

Serbia
Boranja orefield ⓘ Kram deposit	Ministry of Mining and Energy (2002)

Slovakia
Banská Bystrica Region ⓘ Banská Štiavnica District	Ďuďa R. et al. (1993)
Brezno District Jasenie ⓘ Kyslá	Koděra et al. (1986)
Poltár District Kokava nad Rimavicou ⓘ Bohaté	Ferenc Š et al. (Kokava nad Rimavicou)
Revúca District Šivetice ⓘ Kokava nad Rimavicou	Melnikov et al. (2009)
Nitra Region Levice District ⓘ Pukanec	Števko M. et al. (2014)

South Africa
Mpumalanga Gert Sibande District Municipality Chief Albert Luthuli Local Municipality Waterval ⓘ Uitkomst Complex	www.minsoc.org.za (2005)
ⓘ Nkomati Mine	Theart et al. (2001)
Northern Cape Pixley ka Seme District Municipality Siyathemba Local Municipality Copperton ⓘ Prieska copper mine (Copperton deposit)	Cairncross et al. (1995)

South Korea
South Jeolla Province Hwasun County Seongsan ⓘ Moisan Mine	Choi et al. (2005) +1 other reference

Spain
Catalonia Tarragona Conca de Barberà Vimbodí i Poblet Bosc de Poblet ⓘ Atrevida Mine	Canet et al. (2003)

Sweden
Gävleborg County Ljusdal ⓘ Enåsen Mine	Jonssona et al. (2022) +1 other reference
Södermanland County Nyköping Tunaberg Dammgruvan Ore Field ⓘ Dammgruvan Mine	Dobbe (1991)
ⓘ Tunaberg Cu-Co Ore Field	Dobbe (1991)
Värmland County Årjäng Sillerud ⓘ Intakan Mine	Alm et al. (1992)
Arvika Glava ⓘ Glava copper mining field (Yttre Rud Mines)	Oen et al. (1984) +3 other references
Västerbotten County Skellefteå Boliden ⓘ Åkulla Au-Te deposit	Nordfeldt (2025)
ⓘ Boliden Mine	Econ Geol (1996) +1 other reference
ⓘ Kankberg mine	Personal communication with geologists ... +1 other reference
ⓘ Mångfallberget
Sandfors ⓘ Björkdal Mine
ⓘ Hebbersfors (Häbbersfors)	T. Wikström

Tajikistan
Sughd Mastchoh District Altyn-Topkan ore field (Zarnisor ore field) ⓘ Altyn-Topkan deposit (Altyntopkan deposit; Altyn-Topkan Mine; Zarnisor deposit; Zarnisori Shimoli deposit; Northern Zarnisor deposit)	Xinjiang Tacheng International Resources Ltd.
ⓘ Chal-Ata deposit (Chalata deposit)	Evseev et al. (2004)
ⓘ Burgunda mine	Central Asian Minerals and Resources plc

UK
England Cornwall Penzance Newlyn ⓘ Penlee Quarry	Scott et al. (2010)
Scotland Dumfries and Galloway Newton Stewart Talnotry ⓘ Glen of the Bar	Livingstone (2002)
Wales Gwynedd Brithdir and Llanfachreth ⓘ Ffridd-goch Mine	Day (1999)
Ganllwyd ⓘ Cefn Coch Mine (incl. Berthlwyd Mine; New California Mine)	Day (1999)
ⓘ Gwynfynydd Mine	Dr. Günter Grundmann collection
Llanelltyd ⓘ Clogau St Davids Mine (Clogau Mine; St David's Mine)	Smyth (1866) +9 other references
ⓘ Vigra Mine ?	Kingsbury (1965) +1 other reference

Ukraine
Dnipropetrovsk Oblast Dnipro Raion Solonivske ore field ⓘ Sergiivske (Sergeevske)	Monakhov et al. (2000)
Odesa Oblast Podilsk Raion ⓘ Maiskoe gold deposit (Mayske)	Bobrov et al. (2006, August)
Rivne Oblast ⓘ Prutivka massif	Shumlyanskyy et al. (2000)
Zakarpattia Oblast Rakhiv Raion Rakhivskiy ore camp Dilove village ⓘ Saulyak gold deposit	Melnikov et al. (2009)
Zhytomyr Oblast Zhytomyr Raion Radomyshl Raion ⓘ Potashnya gold deposit	Bondarenko +2 other references

USA
Alaska Bethel Census Area Aniak Mining District ⓘ Wallace Prospect	- (2008)
Haines ⓘ Glacier Creek Prospect	Steeves et al. (2016)
Arizona Cochise County ⓘ Bisbee	Graeme (1993)
ⓘ Campbell Mine	Graeme (1993) +1 other reference
Colorado Boulder County Gold Hill Mining District ⓘ Red Cloud Mine (Chicago; Colorado Occurrence)	Luetcke (n.d.)
Chaffee County ⓘ Mt Chipeta	Anthony et al. (1990)
Costilla County Blanca Mining District ⓘ Hamilton Mine	Dana 6:A2:110 & Dana 7:I:161.
Fremont County ⓘ Whitehorn Mining District (Manoa Mining District; Calumet Mining District)	Anthony et al. (1990)
Gunnison County Vulcan Mining District (Cebolla Mining District; Domingo Mining District) Vulcan ⓘ Good Hope Mine (Mammoth Good Hope Mine; Mammoth-Good Hope Mine; Mammoth Chimney Mine)	Eckel et al. (1997)
Hinsdale County Lake City Mining District Lake City ⓘ Golden Fleece Mine	Econ Geol (1980) +1 other reference
Huerfano County Blanca Peak ⓘ Hamilton and Little Gerard mines	Dana 7:I:161. +1 other reference
Park County Geneva Mining District ⓘ Treasury Vault Mine	Dana 7:I:161.
Georgia Lumpkin County Dahlonega ⓘ Boly Field Mine (Boley Field's Mine; Field's Mine; Field's vein) (TL)	Am. Min. (1940)
Massachusetts Franklin County Rowe ⓘ Davis Pyrite Mine	"Western Massachusetts Mineral ...
Michigan Marquette County Ely Township ⓘ Michigan Mine	Heinrich et al. (2004)
Ishpeming Township Ishpeming Greenstone belt (Marquette Greenstone belt) ⓘ Gold Bluff prospect	Heinrich et al. (2004)
Montana Jefferson County Whitehall Mining District (Cardwell Mining District) ⓘ Golden Sunlight Mine	Barrick Gold Corporation
Silver Bow County Highland Mining District (Siberia Mining District) ⓘ Fish Creek placers (Highland Gulch placers)	Gobla (2012)
Nevada Elko County Bootstrap Mining District ⓘ Meikle Mine	Barrick Gold Corporation
Lander County Battle Mountain Mining District ⓘ Fortitude mine	USGS Bull 2009
ⓘ Paiute Gulch placer	USGS Prof Paper 798D
Bullion Mining District Robertson - Triplet Project ⓘ 39A zone	Mankins (2022)
ⓘ Gold Pan zone	Mankins (2022)
Lyon County Singatse Range Yerington Mining District ⓘ Ann-Mason deposit (Ludwig; Douglas Hill; Cast; Blue Hills; McConnell; Minnesota; Shamrock)	Aird et al. (2021)
New Mexico Catron County Wilcox Mining District Lone Pine Hill area ⓘ Lone Pine Mine	Northrop et al. (1996)
Hidalgo County Sylvanite Mining District ⓘ Little Mildred mine (Green mine) (TL)	DeMouthe (1989)
ⓘ Wood property (Buckhorn property; Barney mine; Russell mine)	McLemore (2016)
Santa Fe County Old Placers District ⓘ Cunningham mine	Maynard (2014)
Pennsylvania Chester County ⓘ West Nottingham Township	Smith and Barnes (2011)
Utah Utah County East Tintic Mining District ⓘ Trixie Mine (Trixie shaft; Old Trump prospect)	SEM-EDS analyzed by Dr. Rob Bowell.
Virginia Fluvanna County Gold-Pyrite Belt ⓘ Tellurium Mine (Fisher Mine; Hughes Mine; Red Mine)	Anthony et al. (1990)
Louisa County Lake Anna ⓘ Contrary Creek	Robert C. Smith II Ph.D. P.G.
Washington Ferry County Republic Mining District ⓘ Kelly Camp Mine	pnwfm.org (2004)
Snohomish County Darrington Mining District Jumbo Mountain ⓘ Jumbo Mountain Nickel deposit	Cannon (1975)
Whatcom County Mount Baker Mining District ⓘ Boundary Red Mountain Mine	Derkey et al. (1990, November)
ⓘ Lone Jack Mine	Cannon (1975)

Uzbekistan
Navoiy Central Kyzylkum Region Zarafshan Muruntau ore field ⓘ Muruntau Mine	Koneev et al. (2005) +1 other reference
ⓘ Myutenbai Ag-Au deposit	Koneev et al. (2005)
Samarqand North Nuratau Mountains Zarmitan ⓘ Charmitan Mine (Zarmitan Mine)	Eshimov et al. (1987) +2 other references
Tashkent Region Ohangaron District ⓘ Kairagach Au deposit	Kovalenker et al. (2003)
ⓘ Kockbulak mine (Kochbulak Au-Ag-Te deposit)	Kovalenker et al. (1997) +3 other references

Vietnam
Lào Cai Province Bat Xat District ⓘ Sin Quyen Mine	Jadwiga PIECZONKA et al. (2019)

Zimbabwe
Mashonaland West Chegutu District ⓘ Hartley Mine	Oberthür et al. (2003)

Venus

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Tellurobismuthite

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