Artinite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Artinite
Ettore Artini
Formula:
Mg2(CO3)(OH)2 · 3H2O
Colour:
White; colourless in transmitted light
Lustre:
Vitreous, Silky
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
2.01 - 2.03
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in 1902 by S.C. Luigi Brugnatelli in honor of Ettore Artini (Milan, Italy, 29 August 1866 - Milan, Italy, 7 March 1928), Professor of Mineralogy, University of Milan.
Artinite is found along with hydromagnesite and other minerals as a low-temperature alteration product as veinlets or crusts in serpentinized ultrabasic rocks.
Hydroxyl analogue of chlorartinite.
See also UM1987-01-CO:HMgS.
Hydroxyl analogue of chlorartinite.
See also UM1987-01-CO:HMgS.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
377
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:377:5
Similar Names
| Ardennite | A synonym | |
| Ardennite-(As) | A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered | Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(AsO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| Ardennite-(Si) | ~Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(SiO4,AsO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 | |
| Ardennite-(V) | A valid IMA mineral species | Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(VO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| Arduinite | A synonym of Mordenite | |
| Arminite | A synonym of Antlerite | |
| Martinite | A valid IMA mineral species | (Na,◻,Ca)12Ca4(Si,S,B)14B2O38(OH,Cl)2F2 · 4H2O |
| Martinite (of Kloos) | A variety of Whitlockite | Ca9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH) |
IMA Classification of Artinite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Mg2CO3(OH)2·3H2O
First published:
1902
Classification of Artinite
5.DA.10
5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
D : Carbonates with additional anions, with H2O
A : With medium-sized cations
5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
D : Carbonates with additional anions, with H2O
A : With medium-sized cations
16b.3.1.1
16b : HYDRATED CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
3 : AmBn(XO3)pZqxH2O & with (m+n):p = 2:1
16b : HYDRATED CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
3 : AmBn(XO3)pZq
11.3.6
11 : Carbonates
3 : Carbonates of Mg
11 : Carbonates
3 : Carbonates of Mg
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Art | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Pronunciation of Artinite
Pronunciation:
| Play | Recorded by | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Artinite
Vitreous, Silky
Transparency:
Transparent
Comment:
Fibrous aggregates silky.
Colour:
White; colourless in transmitted light
Streak:
White
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
On {100} perfect; on {001} good.
On {100} perfect; on {001} good.
Density:
2.01 - 2.03 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.047 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Artinite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.488 - 1.489 nβ = 1.533 - 1.534 nγ = 1.556 - 1.557
2V:
Measured: 71° , Calculated: 68°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.068
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Low (negative)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
none
Comments:
Optic axis nearly perpendicular to {100}.
Chemistry of Artinite
Mindat Formula:
Mg2(CO3)(OH)2 · 3H2O
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Artinite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 16.56 Å, b = 3.15 Å, c = 6.22 Å
β = 99.15°
β = 99.15°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 5.257 : 1 : 1.975
Unit Cell V:
320.33 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
1
Morphology:
Forms crusts of acicular crystals, elongated [010]. Also botryoidal masses of silky fibers; spherical aggregates of radiating fibers; cross-fiber veinlets.
Crystal Structure
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Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
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CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0009620 | Artinite | Akao M, Iwai S (1977) The hydrogen bonding of artinite Acta Crystallographica B33 3951-3953 |  | 1977 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Loading XRD data...
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 8.18 Å | (30) |
| 5.34 Å | (65) |
| 3.69 Å | (50) |
| 2.736 Å | (100) |
| 2.672 Å | (20) |
| 2.271 Å | (20) |
| 2.210 Å | (40) |
Comments:
ICDD 6-484.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere | >4.45 |
| 13 : Hadean serpentinization | |
| Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics | <3.5-2.5 |
| 38 : Ophiolites | |
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates] |
Geological Setting:
Low-temperature hydrothermal environments as veinlets or crusts along fracture surfaces in serpentinized ultrabasic rocks.
Type Occurrence of Artinite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Acicular crystals forming cross-fiber veinlets, botyroidal crusts, and spherical or bow tie aggregates of divergent crystals.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Natural History Museum, Milan, Italy, 13215, 13217, 22182, 22191.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
A low-temperature mineral in weathered or altered ultramafic rocks, typically serpentinites.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Other Language Names for Artinite
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 86 photos of Artinite associated with Hydromagnesite | Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| 45 photos of Artinite associated with Desautelsite | Mg6Mn3+2(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O |
| 23 photos of Artinite associated with Serpentine Subgroup | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| 10 photos of Artinite associated with 'Serpentinite' | |
| 8 photos of Artinite associated with Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| 8 photos of Artinite associated with Brucite | Mg(OH)2 |
| 7 photos of Artinite associated with Antigorite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| 6 photos of Artinite associated with Chromite | Fe2+Cr3+2O4 |
| 4 photos of Artinite associated with Pyroaurite | Mg6Fe3+2(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O |
| 4 photos of Artinite associated with Mountkeithite | [(Mg1-xFe3+x)(OH)2][SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 5.DA. | Alexkhomyakovite | K6(Ca2Na)(CO3)5Cl · 6H2O |
| 5.DA. | Amoraite | Ca12Al6(OH)36(CO3)2(SO3) · 15H2O |
| 5.DA.05 | Dypingite | Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 5H2O |
| 5.DA.05 | 'UM1986-10-CO:ClHMgMnZn (also called Mineral F, Dunn, 1995)' | Mg5(Zn,Mn)3(CO3)2(OH,Cl)12 · H2O |
| 5.DA.05 | 'UM1987-01-CO:HMgS' | Mg4(CO3)2(OH)4 · 6H2O ? |
| 5.DA.05 | Giorgiosite | Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 5-6H2O |
| 5.DA.05 | Hydromagnesite | Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.05 | Widgiemoolthalite | Ni5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 5H2O |
| 5.DA.10 | Chlorartinite | Mg2(CO3)(OH)Cl · 2H2O |
| 5.DA.10 | Indigirite | Mg2Al2(CO3)4(OH)2 · 15H2O |
| 5.DA.15 | Zaratite | Ni3(CO3)(OH)4 · 4H2O ? |
| 5.DA.15 | Otwayite | Ni2(CO3)(OH)2 · H2O |
| 5.DA.20 | Kambaldaite | NaNi4(CO3)3(OH)3 · 3H2O |
| 5.DA.25 | Callaghanite | Cu2Mg2(CO3)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| 5.DA.30 | Claraite | (Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14 · 7H2O |
| 5.DA.35 | Hydroscarbroite | Al14(CO3)3(OH)36 · nH2O |
| 5.DA.35 | Scarbroite | Al5(CO3)(OH)13 · 5H2O |
| 5.DA.40 | Karchevskyite | Mg18Al9(OH)54Sr2(CO3)9(H2O)6(H3O)5 |
| 5.DA.40 | 'UM1987-05-OH:AlCMg' | Mg4Al2(OH)12(CO3,SO4) · 3H2O |
| 5.DA.40 | Quintinite | Mg4Al2(OH)12(CO3) · 3H2O |
| 5.DA.40 | Charmarite | Mn2+4Al2(OH)12[CO3] · 3H2O |
| 5.DA.40 | Caresite | Fe2+4Al2(OH)12[CO3] · 3H2O |
| 5.DA.45 | 'Hydrotalcite-2H' | Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.45 | 'Stichtite-2H' | Mg6(Cr,Al)2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.45 | Brugnatellite | Mg6Fe3+(CO3)(OH)13 · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.45 | Zaccagnaite | Zn4Al2(OH)12[CO3] · 3H2O |
| 5.DA.45 | 'Pyroaurite-2H' | Mg6Fe3+2(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.45 | Liudongshengite | Zn4Cr2(OH)12(CO3) · 3H2O |
| 5.DA.45 | Chlormagaluminite | Mg4Al2(OH)12Cl2 · 3H2O |
| 5.DA.50 | Pyroaurite | Mg6Fe3+2(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.50 | Takovite | Ni6Al2(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.50 | Reevesite | Ni6Fe3+2(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.50 | Kaznakhtite | Ni6Co3+2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.50 | Comblainite | Ni4Co2(OH)12[CO3] · 3H2O |
| 5.DA.50 | Marioantofilliite | [Cu4Al2(OH)12](CO3) · 3H2O |
| 5.DA.50 | Hydrotalcite | Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.50 | Stichtite | Mg6Cr3+2(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.50 | Desautelsite | Mg6Mn3+2(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.55 | Coalingite | Mg10Fe3+2(OH)24[CO3] · 2H2O |
| 5.DA.55 | Akopovaite | Al4Li2(OH)12(CO3)(H2O)3 |
| 5.DA.60 | Šlikite | Zn2Mg(CO3)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.65 | Marklite | Cu5(CO3)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
Other Information
Notes:
Readily soluble with effervescence in cold acids.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Industrial Uses:
None.
Internet Links for Artinite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-377.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Artinite
Reference List:
Larsen, Esper S. (1921) The microscopic determination of the nonopaque minerals. Bulletin 679. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/b679 p.42
de Wolff, P. M. (1952) The crystal structure of artinite, Mg2(OH)2CO3.3H2O. Acta Crystallographica, 5 (2) 286-287 doi:10.1107/s0365110x52000770
Jagodzinski, H. (1965) Kristallstruktur und Fehlordnung des Artinits Mg2[CO3(OH)2]·3 H2O. Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 10 (1-4). 297-330 doi:10.1007/bf01128636
Reasenberg, Julian R. (1968) New Artinite Find on Staten Island, N. Y. Rocks & Minerals, 43 (9) 643-647 doi:10.1080/00357529.1968.11765085
White, William B. (1971) Infrared characterization of water and hydroxyl ion in the basic magnesium carbonate minerals. American Mineralogist, 56 (1-2) 46-53
Akao, M., Iwai, S. (1977) The hydrogen bonding of artinite. Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry, 33 (12) 3951-3953 doi:10.1107/s0567740877012576
Frost, Ray L., Bahfenne, Silmarilly, Graham, Jessica, Reddy, B. Jagannadha (2008) The structure of selected magnesium carbonate minerals – A near infrared and mid-infrared spectroscopic study. Polyhedron, 27 (9) 2069-2076 doi:10.1016/j.poly.2008.03.019
Localities for Artinite
Showing 88 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
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Artinite pit, Picacho Peak, San Benito County, California, USA