Brugnatellite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered - questionable
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About Brugnatellite
Luigi Brugnatelli (1859-1928)
Formula:
Mg6Fe3+(CO3)(OH)13 · 4H2O
Colour:
Pink to yellowish or brownish-white.
Lustre:
Pearly
Hardness:
2
Specific Gravity:
2.14
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1909 by Ettore Artini in honor of Luigi Valentino Brugnatelli [1859-1928], Professor of Mineralogy, University of Pavia, Italy.
As part of the recent re-evaluation of the nomenclature of the hydrotalcite supergroup (Mills et al., 2012), brugnatellite, originally a grandfathered species, was identified as a questionable species which needs further investigation.
[Possibly identical to pyroaurite? X-ray powder diffraction pattern is very similar, and space group of brugnatellite is not known; given stoichiometry does not fit other members of the manasseite group; no modern investigation has been carried out (Comment by U. Kolitsch 2007)].
[Possibly identical to pyroaurite? X-ray powder diffraction pattern is very similar, and space group of brugnatellite is not known; given stoichiometry does not fit other members of the manasseite group; no modern investigation has been carried out (Comment by U. Kolitsch 2007)].
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
791
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:791:1
IMA Classification of Brugnatellite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959), Questionable
IMA Formula:
Mg6Fe3+CO3(OH)13·4H2O
First published:
1909
Type description reference:
Classification of Brugnatellite
5.DA.45
5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
D : Carbonates with additional anions, with H2O
A : With medium-sized cations
5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
D : Carbonates with additional anions, with H2O
A : With medium-sized cations
16b.7.5.1
16b : HYDRATED CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
7 : Miscellaneous
16b : HYDRATED CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
7 : Miscellaneous
11.13.4
11 : Carbonates
13 : Carbonates of Fe
11 : Carbonates
13 : Carbonates of Fe
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Bug | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Brugnatellite
Pearly
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Pink to yellowish or brownish-white.
Streak:
White
Hardness:
2 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
{0001}
{0001}
Fracture:
Micaceous
Density:
2.14 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.21 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Brugnatellite
Type:
Uniaxial (-)
RI values:
nω = 1.54 nε = 1.51
Birefringence:
0.03
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.030
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Optical Extinction:
Parallel
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
O = yellowish red
E = colourless
E = colourless
Chemistry of Brugnatellite
Mindat Formula:
Mg6Fe3+(CO3)(OH)13 · 4H2O
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Brugnatellite
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.47 Å, c = 15.97 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 2.92
Unit Cell V:
413.82 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
1
Morphology:
Massive. Lamellar or foliated masses of small flakes flattened {0001}. Individual flakes have a three- or six-sided outline with striations intersecting at 60°.
Comment:
Point Group: 3 (probable).; Space Group: n.d.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 7.93 Å | (100) |
| 3.96 Å | (90) |
| 2.63 Å | (50) |
| 2.35 Å | (60) |
| 2.00 Å | (70) |
| 1.78 Å | (20) |
| 1.69 Å | (30) |
| 1.56 Å | (40) |
| 1.53 Å | (40) |
| 1.51 Å | (10) |
| 1.45 Å | (10) |
| 1.34 Å | (10) |
| 1.30 Å | (20) |
| 1.23 Å | (10) |
| 1.14 Å | (10) |
| 1.08 Å | (10) |
Comments:
ICDD 14-365
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere | >4.45 |
| 13 : Hadean serpentinization |
Type Occurrence of Brugnatellite
General Appearance of Type Material:
in lamellar or foliated masses, forming nodules, crusts, and coatings.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Municipal Museum of Natural History, Milan, Italy.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
A hydrothermal alteration product in serpentinite
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Other Language Names for Brugnatellite
Relationship of Brugnatellite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Hydrotalcite Supergroup:
| Akopovaite | Al4Li2(OH)12(CO3)(H2O)3 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Amoraite | Ca12Al6(OH)36(CO3)2(SO3) · 15H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Carbocalumite | Ca4Al2(OH)12(CO3) · 6H2O | Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3c |
| Coalingite | Mg10Fe3+2(OH)24[CO3] · 2H2O | Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m |
| Cualstibite Group | M2R(OH)6[Sb5+(OH)6], where M = Zn, Ni, Cu and R = Al or Fe3+ | |
| Dritsite | Li2Al4(OH)12Cl2 · 3H2O | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mcm |
| Fougèrite Group | ||
| Glaucocerinite Group | ||
| Hydrocalumite Group | ||
| Hydrotalcite Group | M6R3+2(OH)16Z · 4H2O, where M=Mg, Fe, Ni, R3+ = Al, Cr, Co or Fe, and Z=CO3, Cl | |
| Marioantofilliite | [Cu4Al2(OH)12](CO3) · 3H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Muskoxite | Mg7Fe4O13 · 10H2O | Trig. 3m(32/m) |
| Poellmannite | Ca6Al3(OH)18[Na(H2O)6](SO4)2 · 6H2O | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| Quintinite Group | ||
| Rotemite | Ca4Cr2(OH)12Cl2 · 4H2O | Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3c |
| 'UM1987-05-OH:AlCMg' | Mg4Al2(OH)12(CO3,SO4) · 3H2O | |
| Wermlandite Group | M7R3+2(OH)18[Ca(H2O)6][SO4]2 · 6H2O, where = Mg, Fe, Zn and R= Al or Fe | |
| Woodwardite Group | May be considered a subgroup of the Hydrotalcite Group. |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 5.DA. | Alexkhomyakovite | K6(Ca2Na)(CO3)5Cl · 6H2O |
| 5.DA. | Amoraite | Ca12Al6(OH)36(CO3)2(SO3) · 15H2O |
| 5.DA.05 | Dypingite | Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 5H2O |
| 5.DA.05 | 'UM1986-10-CO:ClHMgMnZn (also called Mineral F, Dunn, 1995)' | Mg5(Zn,Mn)3(CO3)2(OH,Cl)12 · H2O |
| 5.DA.05 | 'UM1987-01-CO:HMgS' | Mg4(CO3)2(OH)4 · 6H2O ? |
| 5.DA.05 | Giorgiosite | Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 5-6H2O |
| 5.DA.05 | Hydromagnesite | Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.05 | Widgiemoolthalite | Ni5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 5H2O |
| 5.DA.10 | Artinite | Mg2(CO3)(OH)2 · 3H2O |
| 5.DA.10 | Chlorartinite | Mg2(CO3)(OH)Cl · 2H2O |
| 5.DA.10 | Indigirite | Mg2Al2(CO3)4(OH)2 · 15H2O |
| 5.DA.15 | Zaratite | Ni3(CO3)(OH)4 · 4H2O ? |
| 5.DA.15 | Otwayite | Ni2(CO3)(OH)2 · H2O |
| 5.DA.20 | Kambaldaite | NaNi4(CO3)3(OH)3 · 3H2O |
| 5.DA.25 | Callaghanite | Cu2Mg2(CO3)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| 5.DA.30 | Claraite | (Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14 · 7H2O |
| 5.DA.35 | Hydroscarbroite | Al14(CO3)3(OH)36 · nH2O |
| 5.DA.35 | Scarbroite | Al5(CO3)(OH)13 · 5H2O |
| 5.DA.40 | Karchevskyite | Mg18Al9(OH)54Sr2(CO3)9(H2O)6(H3O)5 |
| 5.DA.40 | 'UM1987-05-OH:AlCMg' | Mg4Al2(OH)12(CO3,SO4) · 3H2O |
| 5.DA.40 | Quintinite | Mg4Al2(OH)12(CO3) · 3H2O |
| 5.DA.40 | Charmarite | Mn2+4Al2(OH)12[CO3] · 3H2O |
| 5.DA.40 | Caresite | Fe2+4Al2(OH)12[CO3] · 3H2O |
| 5.DA.45 | 'Hydrotalcite-2H' | Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.45 | 'Stichtite-2H' | Mg6(Cr,Al)2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.45 | Zaccagnaite | Zn4Al2(OH)12[CO3] · 3H2O |
| 5.DA.45 | 'Pyroaurite-2H' | Mg6Fe3+2(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.45 | Liudongshengite | Zn4Cr2(OH)12(CO3) · 3H2O |
| 5.DA.45 | Chlormagaluminite | Mg4Al2(OH)12Cl2 · 3H2O |
| 5.DA.50 | Pyroaurite | Mg6Fe3+2(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.50 | Takovite | Ni6Al2(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.50 | Reevesite | Ni6Fe3+2(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.50 | Kaznakhtite | Ni6Co3+2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.50 | Comblainite | Ni4Co2(OH)12[CO3] · 3H2O |
| 5.DA.50 | Marioantofilliite | [Cu4Al2(OH)12](CO3) · 3H2O |
| 5.DA.50 | Hydrotalcite | Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.50 | Stichtite | Mg6Cr3+2(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.50 | Desautelsite | Mg6Mn3+2(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.55 | Coalingite | Mg10Fe3+2(OH)24[CO3] · 2H2O |
| 5.DA.55 | Akopovaite | Al4Li2(OH)12(CO3)(H2O)3 |
| 5.DA.60 | Šlikite | Zn2Mg(CO3)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| 5.DA.65 | Marklite | Cu5(CO3)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
Fluorescence of Brugnatellite
Not fluorescent in UV
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Brugnatellite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-791.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Brugnatellite
Reference List:
Frondel, Clifford (1941) Constitution and polymorphism of the pyroaurite and sjögrenite groups. American Mineralogist, 26 (5) 295-315
Localities for Brugnatellite
Showing 39 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Austria | |
| Bojar et al. (2005) |
| Exel (1993) |
Canada | |
| Richard Gunter photo and specimen (XRD identified) |
| Grice (1989) |
| www.geologyontario.mndm.gov.on.ca (n.d.) |
| MSC Report 39 +1 other reference |
| Horváth et al. (2013) |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
Czech Republic | |
| Kovář +1 other reference |
Italy | |
| C.M. Gramaccioli (1975) |
| Piccoli et al. (2007) | |
| Gramaccioli (1975) +1 other reference |
| C.M. Gramaccioli (1975) | |
| Pellecchia et al. (2012) |
| Giuseppe Pipino - L'antica miniera di ... |
| Ciriotti et al. (2010) | |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
| Artini (1909) +1 other reference |
| - (n.d.) +1 other reference | |
| Piccoli et al. (2007) |
| Piccoli et al. (2007) |
Japan | |
| Suzuki et al. (1973) +2 other references |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
| - (n.d.) |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
| Yamada (2004) |
| Fujimoto (1977) |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
Morocco | |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
New Zealand | |
| Railton et al. (1990) |
North Korea | |
| Kinosaki (1941) |
Norway | |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
Sweden | |
| Gatedal (n.d.) +1 other reference |
Turkey | |
| Helvaci (1998) |
UK | |
| Tindle (2008) | |
| Livingstone +1 other reference |
USA | |
| Larsen (1942) +1 other reference |
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Crestùn asbestos mine, Ciappanico, Torre di Santa Maria, Sondrio Province, Lombardy, Italy