Caolinite	A synonym of Kaolinite
Carminite	A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered	PbFe₂³⁺(AsO₄)₂(OH)₂
Carolinite	A synonym of Nepheline
Caryinite	A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered	(Na,Pb)(Ca,Na)CaMn₂²⁺(AsO₄)₃
Catlinite	A variety of 'Argillite'
Karelianite	A valid IMA mineral species	V₂³⁺O₃
Karelinite

IMA Classification of CarliniteHide

IMA status:

Approved

IMA Formula:

Tl¹⁺₂S^2-

Approval year:

1974

First published:

1975

Type description reference:

Radtke, Arthur S., Dickson, Frank W. (1975) Carlinite, Tl2S, a new mineral from Nevada. American Mineralogist, 60 (7-8) 559-565

Classification of CarliniteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):

2.BD.25

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
B : Metal Sulfides, M: S > 1: 1 (mainly 2: 1)
D : With Hg, Tl

Dana 8th ed.:

2.4.13.1

2 : SULFIDES
4 : A_mB_nX_p, with (m+n):p = 2:1

Hey's CIM Ref.:

3.5.11

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
5 : Sulphides etc. of Hg and Tl

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference for Standard
Cni	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of CarliniteHide

Lustre:

Metallic

Transparency:

Opaque

Colour:

Grey

Comment:

Oxidized surfaces become darker and duller.

Streak:

Dark grey to black

Hardness:

1½ - 2 on Mohs scale

Hardness:

VHN₅₀=20.1 - 23.8 kg/mm² - Vickers

Tenacity:

Sectile

Cleavage:

Perfect
(0001)

Fracture:

Irregular/Uneven

Density:

8.1 g/cm³ (Measured) 8.55 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of CarliniteHide

Anisotropism:

Moderate to distinct

Bireflectance:

Weak, but stronger along grain boundaries. Very weak in oil.

Reflectivity:

Wavelength	R₁ (%)	R₂ (%)
470nm	39.6%	41.3%
546nm	38.8%	40.1%
589nm	39.2%	40.6%
650nm	40.5%	42.0%

Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 42.0%.
R₁ shown in black, R₂ shown in red

Colour in reflected light:

White with faint bluish cast.

Pleochroism:

Visible

Comments:

Brownish gray to bluish gray

Chemistry of CarliniteHide

Mindat Formula:

Tl₂S

Element Weights:

Element	% weight
Tl	92.726 %
S	7.274 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.

Elements listed:

S, Tl - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of CarliniteHide

Crystal System:

Trigonal

Class (H-M):

3 - Pyramidal

Space Group:

Cell Parameters:

a = 12.12 Å, c = 18.17 Å

Ratio:

a:c = 1 : 1.499

Unit Cell V:

2310 Å³

Morphology:

Small anhedral grains, poorly developed rhombohedral and tabular forms.

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Year	Locality	Temp (K)
0014029	Carlinite	Giester G, Lengauer C L, Tillmanns E, Zemann J (2002) Tl2S: Re-determination of crystal structure and stereochemical discussion Journal of Solid State Chemistry 168 322-330	2002	synthetic	293
0015553	Carlinite	Man L I (1970) Determination of the structure of Tl2S by the electron diffraction method Soviet Physics Crystallography 15 399-403	1970	synthetic	293
0014030	Carlinite	Giester G, Lengauer C L, Tillmanns E, Zemann J (2002) Tl2S: Re-determination of crystal structure and stereochemical discussion Journal of Solid State Chemistry 168 322-330	2002		293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Carlinite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Giester G'
'Lengauer C L'
'Tillmanns E'
'Zemann J'
_journal_name_full 'Journal of Solid State Chemistry'
_journal_volume 168 
_journal_year 2002
_journal_page_first 322
_journal_page_last 330
_publ_section_title
;
 Tl2S: Re-determination of crystal structure and stereochemical discussion
;
_database_code_amcsd 0014029
_chemical_compound_source 'Synthetic'
_chemical_formula_sum 'Tl2 S'
_cell_length_a 12.150
_cell_length_b 12.150
_cell_length_c 18.190
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 120
_cell_volume 2325.498
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      8.499
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'R 3'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '2/3+x,1/3+y,1/3+z'
  '1/3+x,2/3+y,2/3+z'
  '-y,x-y,z'
  '2/3-y,1/3+x-y,1/3+z'
  '1/3-y,2/3+x-y,2/3+z'
  '-x+y,-x,z'
  '2/3-x+y,1/3-x,1/3+z'
  '1/3-x+y,2/3-x,2/3+z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
Tl1   0.12570   0.20300  -0.07810   0.04570
Tl2   0.46850   0.90650  -0.09690   0.04520
Tl3   0.80650   0.57190  -0.09920   0.04490
Tl4   0.24070   0.10600   0.10460   0.04510
Tl5   0.53990   0.74880   0.08460   0.04530
Tl6   0.87120   0.41240   0.08500   0.04570
S1   0.00000   0.00000   0.03650   0.04700
S2   0.33333   0.66667  -0.02550   0.04700
S3   0.66667   0.33333  -0.02610   0.04800
S4   0.00250   0.66300   0.02690   0.04100
S5   0.99920   0.32340  -0.02000   0.04700

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
3.030 Å	(100)
2.290 Å	(3)
2.020 Å	(3)
1.749 Å	(3)
2.712 Å	(1)
1.681 Å	(1)
1.513 Å	(1)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Near-surface Processes
23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47)
High-? alteration and/or metamorphism
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12])

Type Occurrence of CarliniteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Carlin Gold Mine, Lynn Mining District, Eureka County, Nevada, USA

General Appearance of Type Material:

Subhedral to anhedral grains ranging from about 5 to 500 µm in diameter. Most grains are irregular and slightly rounded with a few grains showing poorly defined rhombohedral and tabular form.

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

Department of Geology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, Epithermal Minerals Collection.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, number 132497.

Geological Setting of Type Material:

Carlin type gold deposit.

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Reference:

Radtke, Arthur S., Dickson, Frank W. (1975) Carlinite, Tl2S, a new mineral from Nevada. American Mineralogist, 60 (7-8) 559-565

Synonyms of CarliniteHide

IMA1974-062

Other Language Names for CarliniteHide

Dutch:Carliniet

German:Carlinit

Russian:Карлинит

Simplified Chinese:辉铊矿

Spanish:Carlinita

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

2.BD.	Vrančiceite	Cu₁₀Hg₃S₈	Tric. 1 : P1
2.BD.	'UM2004-33-S:AgCuHgSe'	(Ag,Cu)₈Hg₃(S,Se)₇
2.BD.05	Imiterite	Ag₂HgS₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.BD.10	Gortdrumite	Cu₂₄Fe₂Hg₉S₂₃	Tric. 1 : P1
2.BD.15	Danielsite	(Cu,Ag)₁₄HgS₈	Orth.
2.BD.15	Balkanite	Cu₉Ag₅HgS₈	Mon. 2/m : P2/m
2.BD.20	Donharrisite	Ni₃HgS₃	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.BD.30	Bukovite	(Cu₃Fe)_Σ4Tl₂Se₄	Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mmm
2.BD.30	Thalcusite	Tl₂Cu₃FeS₄	Tet.
2.BD.30	Murunskite	K₂(Cu,Fe)₄S₄	Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mmm
2.BD.35	Rohaite	(Tl,Pb,K)₂Cu_8.7Sb₂S₄	Orth.
2.BD.40	Chalcothallite	Tl₂(Cu,Fe)₆SbS₄	Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mmm
2.BD.45	Sabatierite	TlCu₆Se₄	Orth.
2.BD.50	Crookesite	Cu₇(Tl, Ag)Se₄	Tet.
2.BD.55	Brodtkorbite	Cu₂HgSe₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for CarliniteHide

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https://www.mindat.org/min-901.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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External Links:

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

Mineral Dealers:

Buy from D. Joyce minerals

References for CarliniteHide

Reference List:

Ketelaar, J.A.A., Gorter, E.W. (1939) Die kristallstruktur von thallosulfid (Tl2S). Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 101: 367-375.

Man, L.I. (1970) Determination of the structure of Tl2S by the electron diffraction method. Soviet Physics - Crystallography: 15: 399-403.

Radtke, Arthur S., Dickson, Frank W. (1975) Carlinite, Tl2S, a new mineral from Nevada. American Mineralogist, 60 (7-8) 559-565

Giester, G., Lengauer, C.L., Tillmanns, E., Zemann, J. (2002) Tl2S: Re-Determination of Crystal Structure and Stereochemical Discussion. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 168. 322-330 doi:10.1006/jssc.2002.9711

(2005) Carlinite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for CarliniteHide

Showing 2 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Hide all sections | Show all sections

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


USA
Nevada Eureka County Lynn Mining District Betze-Post pit ⓘ Deep Post orebody	Castor et al. (2004)
ⓘ Carlin Gold Mine (TL)	Radtke et al. (1975) +1 other reference

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Carlinite

Unique IdentifiersHide

Similar NamesHide

IMA Classification of CarliniteHide

Classification of CarliniteHide

Mineral SymbolsHide

Physical Properties of CarliniteHide

Optical Data of CarliniteHide

Chemistry of CarliniteHide

Crystallography of CarliniteHide

Crystal StructureHide

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Geological EnvironmentHide

Type Occurrence of CarliniteHide

Synonyms of CarliniteHide

Other Language Names for CarliniteHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

Other InformationHide

Internet Links for CarliniteHide

References for CarliniteHide

Localities for CarliniteHide

Locality ListHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide