Mapiquiroite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Mapiquiroite
Formula:
(Sr,Pb)(U,Y)Fe2(Ti,Fe3+,Cr3+)18O38
Colour:
Black
Lustre:
Sub-Metallic
Hardness:
6
Specific Gravity:
4.670 - 4.843
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Member of:
Name:
Named in honour of four Italian mineral collectors, Riccardo Mazzanti (b. 1953), Luigi Pierotti (b. 1953), Ugo Quilici (b. 1946), and Moreno Romani (b. 1949) for their contribution to the study of the mineralogy of baryte + pyrite + iron oxide deposits from the Apuan Alps.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
43876
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:43876:8
IMA Classification of Mapiquiroite
Approved
IMA Formula:
(Sr,Pb2+)(U4+,Y)Fe3+2(Ti4+,Fe3+)18O38
Approval year:
2013
First published:
2014
Type description reference:
Classification of Mapiquiroite
4.00.
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
0 :
0 :
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
0 :
0 :
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Mpq | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Mapiquiroite
Sub-Metallic
Colour:
Black
Hardness:
6 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=750 - 782 - Vickers
Density:
4.670 - 4.843 g/cm3 (Measured)
Optical Data of Mapiquiroite
Anisotropism:
Distinct, without characteristic rotation tints.
Bireflectance:
Weakly bireflectant
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 (%) | R2 (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 471nm | 17.0% | 17.2% |
| 548nm | 16.7% | 17.0% |
| 586nm | 16.4% | 16.7% |
| 652nm | 16.1% | 16.3% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 17.2%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
Blackish
Internal Reflections:
Absent
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Chemistry of Mapiquiroite
Mindat Formula:
(Sr,Pb)(U,Y)Fe2(Ti,Fe3+,Cr3+)18O38
Element Weights:
Common Impurities:
Pb,Y,V(V),Cr,Mn,La
Crystallography of Mapiquiroite
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Class (H-M):
3 - Rhombohedral
Space Group:
R3
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.3719(7) Å, c = 20.875(1) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 2.013
Unit Cell V:
1,944.79 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:
Complex rhombohedral or tabular pseudo-hexagonal crystals; tabular pseudo-hexagonal crystals.
Comment:
Buca della Vena
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0020187 | Mapiquiroite | Biagioni C, Orlandi P, Pasero M, Nestola F, Bindi L (2014) Mapiquiroite, (Sr,Pb)(U,Y)Fe2(Ti,Fe3+)18O38, a new member of the crichtonite group from the Apuan Alps, Tuscany, Italy European Journal of Mineralogy 26 427-437 | 2014 | Monte Arsiccio mine, Apuan Alps, Tuscany, Italy | 0 | 293 | |
| 0020186 | Mapiquiroite | Biagioni C, Orlandi P, Pasero M, Nestola F, Bindi L (2014) Mapiquiroite, (Sr,Pb)(U,Y)Fe2(Ti,Fe3+)18O38, a new member of the crichtonite group from the Apuan Alps, Tuscany, Italy European Journal of Mineralogy 26 427-437 | 2014 | Buca della Vena mine, Apuan Alps, Tuscany, Italy | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 6.81 Å | (76) |
| 5.18 Å | (100) |
| 4.51 Å | (44) |
| 3.404 Å | (41) |
| 2.994 Å | (35) |
Reference:
Comments:
From Type Description. Buca della Vena
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 31 : Thermally altered carbonate, phosphate, and iron formations | |
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks |
Type Occurrence of Mapiquiroite
Co-Type Localities:
General Appearance of Type Material:
Complex rhombohedral or tabular pseudo-hexagonal crystals, up to 1mm in size ((Buca della Vena). Tabular pseudo-hexagonal crystals, up to 5mm in size (Monte Arsiccio).
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Type material is deposited in the collections of the collections of the Museo di Storia Naturale, Universita` di Pisa, Via Roma 79, Calci (Pisa), Italy, catalogue numbers 18837 (Buca della Vena) and 19650 (Monte Arsiccio)
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Quartz-adularia-baryte veins embedded in schists (Buca della Vena). Quartz-carbonate veins embedded in magnetite-rich dolostones(Monte Arsiccio).
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Synonyms of Mapiquiroite
Other Language Names for Mapiquiroite
Dutch:Mapiquiroiet
German:Mapiquiroit
Relationship of Mapiquiroite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Crichtonite Group:
| Almeidaite | PbZn2(Mn,Y)(Ti,Fe3+)18O37(OH,O) | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| Botuobinskite | SrFe2+Mg2(Cr3+6Ti4+12)[O36(OH)2] | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| Cleusonite | (Pb,Sr)(U4+,U6+)(Fe2+,Zn)2(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)18(O,OH)38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| Crichtonite | Sr(Mn,Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH)38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| Davidite-(Ce) | Ce(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| Davidite-(La) | La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| 'Davidite-(Y)' | (La,Ce,Na,Ca,Pb)(Y,Fe2+,◻)(Fe2+,Mn2+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Nb,Zr)18O38 (hypothetical) | Trig. |
| Dessauite-(Y) | (Sr,Pb)(Y,U)(Ti,Fe3+)20O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| Gramaccioliite-(Y) | (Pb,Sr)(Y,Mn)Fe3+2(Ti,Fe3+)18O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| Haitaite-(La) | LaU4+Fe3+2(Ti13Fe2+4Fe3+)O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| Landauite | NaMnZn2(Ti,Fe)6Ti12O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| Lindsleyite | (Ba,Sr)(Zr,Ca)(Fe,Mg)2(Ti,Cr,Fe)18O38 | Trig. |
| Loveringite | (Ca,Ce,La)(Zr,Fe)(Mg,Fe)2(Ti,Fe,Cr,Al)18O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| Mathiasite | (Mg,Cr,Fe,Ca,K)2(Ti,Zr,Cr,Fe)5O12 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| Mianningite | (◻,Pb,Ce,Na)(U4+,Mn,U6+)Fe3+2 (Ti,Fe3+)18O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| Mirnyite | SrZr4+Mg2(Cr3+6Ti4+12)O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| Paseroite | PbMn2+(Mn2+,Fe3+)2(V5+,Ti,◻)18O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| Saranovskite | SrCaFe2+2(Cr4Ti2)Ti12O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| Senaite | Pb(Mn,Y,U)(Fe,Zn)2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH)38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| 'UM1987-03-O:FePbTiU' | ~(U,Pb)(Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+,Mn)21O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| 'UM2003-08-O:AlCaFeREEScTiV' | (Ca,Ce)Sc(Ti,V,Fe,Al)20O38 | |
| 'UM2006-05-O:CaFeKMnNaREESrTiZr' | (Sr,Na,K,REE)(Ca,Zr,Mn)(Ti,Fe)18Fe2O38 | |
| 'UM2006-06-O:CaFeKMnNaREESrTiZr' | (Sr,Na,K,REE)(Zr,Ca,Mn)(Ti,Fe)18Fe2O38 | |
| 'UM2006-07-O:CaFeKMnNaREESrTiZr' | (Na,Sr,K,REE)(Ca,Zr,Mn)(Ti,Fe)18Fe2O38 | |
| 'UM2006-08-O:CaFeKMnNaREESrTiZr' | (Na,Sr,K,REE)(Zr,Ca,Mn)(Ti,Fe)18Fe2O38 | |
| 'UM2006-09-O:CaFeMnREESrTiZr' | (Ce,Sr,REE)(Ca,Mn,Zr)Fe2(Ti,Fe)18O38 | |
| 'Unnamed (HBU UK-4)' | NaFe2+Zn2(Ti,Fe3+,Nb)6Ti12O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 4.00. | Ferrotaaffeite-6N'3S | (Be,Zn,Mg)FeAl4O8 |
| 4.00. | 'UM2004-19-O:AlCeGdZr' | (Gd,Ce)4Al2Zr4O17 |
| 4.00. | Almeidaite | PbZn2(Mn,Y)(Ti,Fe3+)18O37(OH,O) |
| 4.00. | Vapnikite | Ca2CaUO6 |
| 4.00. | Microlite Group | A2-mTa2X6-wZ1-n |
| 4.00. | 'UM2004-21-O:CaFeGdZr' | Ca2Gd4Fe5ZrO15 |
| 4.00. | 'UM2004-27-O:GdTi' | Gd2Ti4O11 |
| 4.00. | Písekite-(Y) | (Y,As,Ca,Fe,U)(Nb,Ti,Ta)O4 |
| 4.00. | Pyrochlore Group | A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z |
| 4.00.20 | Yttrotungstite-(Nd) | NdW2O7(OH) · H2O |
| 4.00.25 | Heisenbergite | U6+O2(OH)2 · H2O |
Radioactivity
Radioactivity:
| Element | % Content | Activity (Bq/kg) | Radiation Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Uranium (U) | 12.4824% | 3,120,600 | α, β, γ |
| Thorium (Th) | 0.0000% | 0 | α, β, γ |
| Potassium (K) | 0.0000% | 0 | β, γ |
For comparison:
- Banana: ~15 Bq per fruit
- Granite: 1,000–3,000 Bq/kg
- EU exemption limit: 10,000 Bq/kg
Note: Risk is shown relative to daily recommended maximum exposure to non-background radiation of 1000 µSv/year. Note that natural background radiation averages around 2400 µSv/year so in reality these risks are probably extremely overstated! With infrequent handling and safe storage natural radioactive minerals do not usually pose much risk.
Interactive Simulator:
Note: The mass selector refers to the mass of radioactive mineral present, not the full specimen, also be aware that the matrix may also be radioactive, possibly more radioactive than this mineral!
Activity: –
| Distance | Dose rate | Risk |
|---|---|---|
| 1 cm | ||
| 10 cm | ||
| 1 m |
The external dose rate (D) from a radioactive mineral is estimated by summing the gamma radiation contributions from its Uranium, Thorium, and Potassium content, disregarding daughter-product which may have a significant effect in some cases (eg 'pitchblende'). This involves multiplying the activity (A, in Bq) of each element by its specific gamma ray constant (Γ), which accounts for its unique gamma emissions. The total unshielded dose at 1 cm is then scaled by the square of the distance (r, in cm) and multiplied by a shielding factor (μshield). This calculation provides a 'worst-case' or 'maximum risk' estimate because it assumes the sample is a point source and entirely neglects any self-shielding where radiation is absorbed within the mineral itself, meaning actual doses will typically be lower. The resulting dose rate (D) is expressed in microsieverts per hour (μSv/h).
D = ((AU × ΓU) + (ATh × ΓTh) + (AK × ΓK)) / r2 × μshield
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Mapiquiroite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-43876.html
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References for Mapiquiroite
Reference List:
Williams, P. A., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2013) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2013. CNMNC Newsletter No 16. Mineralogical Magazine, 77 (6) 2695-2709 doi:10.1180/minmag.2013.077.6.01
Localities for Mapiquiroite
Showing 2 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Italy (TL) | |
| Williams et al. (2013) +1 other reference |
| Williams et al. (2013) +1 other reference |
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Monte Arsiccio Mine, Sant'Anna di Stazzema, Stazzema, Lucca Province, Tuscany, Italy