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Rollstone Hill Quarries, Fitchburg, Worcester County, Massachusetts, USAi
Regional Level Types
Rollstone Hill QuarriesQuarry (Abandoned)
FitchburgCity
Worcester CountyCounty
MassachusettsState
USACountry

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
42° 34' 44'' North , 71° 48' 32'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
Quarry (Abandoned) - last checked 2019
Nearest Settlements:
PlacePopulationDistance
Fitchburg40,545 (2017)0.7km
Lunenburg1,760 (2017)7.1km
Leominster41,569 (2017)7.2km
Westminster7,028 (2017)9.1km
Ashburnham5,643 (2017)10.3km
Nearest Clubs:
Local clubs are the best way to get access to collecting localities
ClubLocationDistance
Nashoba Valley Mineralogical SocietyWestford, Massachusetts30km
Worcester Mineral ClubWorcester, Massachusetts35km
Mindat Locality ID:
6844
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:6844:7
GUID (UUID V4):
0


At least six granite quarries were formerly worked on Rollstone Hill -- including the (John) McCauliff, (O. E.) Litchfield, and (Henry) Godbeer quarries, with the McCauliff being the largest of these. In 1928, the McCauliff Quarry Company acquired the other quarries which had been operated by independent companies. The locality is often now referred to as simply "Rollstone Hill Quarry." Granite was quarried here from before 1830 until 1941. The name "Rollstone Hill" was in use at least as early as 1731.

C. Stanfield Hitchen (1935) studied the pegmatites on Rollstone Hill and named the following types: (I.) Biotite type; (II.) Tourmaline type; (III.) Beryl type; (IV.) Titanite type; and (V.) Allanite type. In addition, rare calcite veins also occur. Only one pegmatite, a beryl type, showed significant zonation, and gem beryls were collected from the quartz core. A fine specimen of radiating "sunburst" schorl crystals is in the collection of the Harvard Mineralogical Museum.

A. C. Hamlin (1884) enthusiastically reported on beryl from the locality: "At the quarries on Rollestone [sic] Mountain in Fitchburg, beryls of a rich golden color have been blasted out. Some of these approach the chrysoberyl and topaz in hardness and hue. Others so closely resemble the yellow diamond that they may readily be taken for that superior gem. The refractive power of these yellow stones is remarkable; and the goniometer will probably reveal a higher index than is accorded to all the varieties of beryl by the learned Abbé Haüy." Beryl is extremely rare now that the quarries are inactive.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List


26 valid minerals.

Detailed Mineral List:

Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
Habit: Small crystals occur in the titanite pegmatites and in calcite veins (Hitchen, 1935).
Albite var. Oligoclase
Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Habit: "Primary oligoclase occurs along with microcline as phenocrysts in the Type II [tourmaline type] pegmatites. (Hitchen, 1935)
Allanite-(Ce)
Formula: (CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Habit: crystal habit similar to epidote, with e(101) prominent (Hitchen, 1935)
Colour: dark green to black, sometimes weathered superficially to red-brown
Fluorescence: none
Description: Crystals to at least 30mm.
Almandine
Formula: Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Habit: "Trapezohedron n(211) and the dodechedron d(110)in combination, the former being usually dominant" (Hitchen, 1935)
Colour: red, orange-red, orange, pink
Description: According to Hitchen (1935), the garnets on Rollstone Hill are "spessartitic almandite." He gave an analysis of 52.29% almandine, 41.53 % spessartine, 0.92 % pyrope, and 3.55% andradite. The results of an SEM-EDS analysis by Kerry Day 2008 for a garnet specimen collected by Peter Cristofono showed approximately ~ 55% almandine, 45% spessartine.
'Almandine-Spessartine Series'
Arsenopyrite
Formula: FeAsS
Habit: massive and in crystals (see comments)
Colour: gray
Description: Crystals commonly show the forms m(110), q(011), e(101), k(021), t(013). "Certain crystals ...recently acquired by the Harvard Museum, are somewhat complex and show, in addition to the above, the forms: g(111), o(112), i(312), n(012), Φ(023), τ(031), x(321), B(514)." (Hitchen, 1935)
Beryl
Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18)
Habit: Individual crystals measure from 0.3 to 2 cms, in diameter (Hitchen, 1935)
Colour: golden yellow, pale green, aquamarine
References:
Beryl var. Aquamarine
Beryl var. Goshenite
Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18)
Beryl var. Heliodor
Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18)
Description: "At the quarries at Fitchburg, beryl of a rich golden hue, approaching the chrysoberyl and topaz in color and hardness, and closely resembling the yellow diamond in lustre, have been blasted out." -- Hamlin, A. C. (1870): The Gems of the United States in Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Eighteenth Meeting, p. 212.
'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Habit: usually not well crystallized
Colour: black
Description: "The refractive indices are: α =1.640 β and γ = 1.645, and suggest siderophyllite." (Hitchen, 1935)
References:
Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
Habit: massive
Colour: white
Description: Rare calcite veins occur in the granite.
Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
Habit: grains of chalcopyrite are frequently grown upon pyrrhotite (Hitchen, 1935)
Colour: brassy
References:
Chamosite
Formula: Fe2+5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Colour: dark green
Description: Occurs as an alteration of biotite.
'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series' ?
Description: Probably misidentified; likely ilmenite.
Epidote
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Habit: as accessory grains in granite
'Feldspar Group'
References:
'Feldspar Group var. Perthite'
References:
Fluorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F
Habit: hexagonal prisms
Colour: gray
Fluorescence: yellow (SW)
Fluorite
Formula: CaF2
Habit: "Small light purple to colourless cubes, 0.3 cm along an edge, occur on the selvages of the calcite veins (Hitchen, 1935).
Colour: colorless, purple
References:
'Gummite' ?
Description: Reported as an alteration product of allanite by Emerson (1917).
Ilmenite
Formula: Fe2+TiO3
Habit: as large platy crystals in quartz, and delicate hexagonal plates in calcite (Hitchen, 1935)
Colour: black
Marcasite
Formula: FeS2
Description: Noted as concretionary masses resulting from supergene alteration of pyrrhotite (Hitchen, 1935).
References:
Microcline
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Habit: Good crystals occur in quartz.
Colour: white
References:
Molybdenite
Formula: MoS2
Description: Found only in the beryl pegmatite (Hitchen, 1935).
References:
Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Habit: Good crystals occur in the calcite veins. According to Hitchen (1935), pinkish bronze plates to 4 cm occurred in the beryl pegmatite.
Colour: gray, bronze
Fluorescence: none
References:
Muscovite var. Sericite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
References:
Opal
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
Habit: amorphous coating
Colour: cololress
Fluorescence: green
Opal var. Opal-AN
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
Habit: amorphous coating
Colour: cololress
Fluorescence: green
Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
Description: Pyrite is very rare. Arsenopyrite is the most common sulfide at Rollstone Hill, followed by pyrrhotite.
Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
Description: Associated with chalcopyrite.
References:
Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Habit: almost always massive
Colour: colorless, smoky
Quartz var. Smoky Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Habit: massive
Colour: smoky
Rutile
Formula: TiO2
Habit: microscopic rutile needles in quartz occurs in the granite (Hitchen, 1935)
Schorl
Formula: NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Habit: Crystals to 10 cm long. (Hitchen, 1935)
Colour: black
Fluorescence: none
Siderophyllite ?
Formula: KFe2+2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Colour: black
Description: "The refractive indices are: α =1.640 β and γ = 1.645, and suggest siderophyllite." (Hitchen, 1935)
Titanite
Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O
Habit: simple, tabular crystals to 2 cm (Hitchen, 1935)
Colour: brown, cinnamon brown
Uraninite
Formula: UO2
Description: Lane (1933) gives a microchemical analysis of a sample of uraninite.
Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)
Habit: as small crystals in biotite or microcline
References:

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
Chalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
Pyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
Molybdenite2.EA.30MoS2
Pyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Marcasite2.EB.10aFeS2
Arsenopyrite2.EB.20FeAsS
Group 3 - Halides
Fluorite3.AB.25CaF2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
Ilmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
var. Smoky Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
Opal
var. Opal-AN
4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
Rutile4.DB.05TiO2
Uraninite4.DL.05UO2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
Calcite5.AB.05CaCO3
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
Fluorapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3F
Group 9 - Silicates
Almandine9.AD.25Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Zircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
Titanite9.AG.15CaTi(SiO4)O
Epidote9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Allanite-(Ce)9.BG.05b(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Beryl
var. Aquamarine
9.CJ.05Be3Al2(Si6O18)
9.CJ.05Be3Al2(Si6O18)
var. Heliodor9.CJ.05Be3Al2(Si6O18)
var. Goshenite9.CJ.05Be3Al2(Si6O18)
Schorl9.CK.05NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Muscovite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
var. Sericite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siderophyllite ?9.EC.20KFe2+2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Chamosite9.EC.55Fe2+5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Microcline9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
Albite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
var. Oligoclase9.FA.35(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Unclassified
'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
'Feldspar Group'-
'Gummite' ?-
'Feldspar Group
var. Perthite'
-
'Almandine-Spessartine Series'-
'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series' ?-

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
H Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
H BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
H ChamositeFe52+Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
H Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
H Opal var. Opal-ANSiO2 · nH2O
H MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
H OpalSiO2 · nH2O
H SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
H SiderophylliteKFe22+Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
H Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
BeBeryllium
Be BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Be Beryl var. HeliodorBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Be Beryl var. GosheniteBe3Al2(Si6O18)
BBoron
B SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
CCarbon
C CalciteCaCO3
OOxygen
O AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
O Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
O AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
O BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
O BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
O CalciteCaCO3
O ChamositeFe52+Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
O Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
O FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
O Opal var. Opal-ANSiO2 · nH2O
O IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
O MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
O MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
O OpalSiO2 · nH2O
O QuartzSiO2
O RutileTiO2
O SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
O SiderophylliteKFe22+Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
O Quartz var. Smoky QuartzSiO2
O TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
O UraniniteUO2
O ZirconZr(SiO4)
O Beryl var. HeliodorBe3Al2(Si6O18)
O Beryl var. GosheniteBe3Al2(Si6O18)
O Almandine-Spessartine Series
O Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
O Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
FFluorine
F BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
F FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
F FluoriteCaF2
NaSodium
Na AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Na Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Na SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
MgMagnesium
Mg BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
AlAluminium
Al AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Al Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Al AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Al BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Al BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Al ChamositeFe52+Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Al Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Al MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Al MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Al Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Al SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Al SiderophylliteKFe22+Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Al Beryl var. HeliodorBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Al Beryl var. GosheniteBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Al Almandine-Spessartine Series
Al Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
SiSilicon
Si AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Si Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Si AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Si BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Si BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Si ChamositeFe52+Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Si Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Si Opal var. Opal-ANSiO2 · nH2O
Si MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Si MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Si OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Si QuartzSiO2
Si SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Si SiderophylliteKFe22+Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Si Quartz var. Smoky QuartzSiO2
Si TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Si ZirconZr(SiO4)
Si Beryl var. HeliodorBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Si Beryl var. GosheniteBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Si Almandine-Spessartine Series
Si Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
PPhosphorus
P FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
SSulfur
S ArsenopyriteFeAsS
S ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
S MarcasiteFeS2
S MolybdeniteMoS2
S PyriteFeS2
S PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
KPotassium
K BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
K MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
K MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
K SiderophylliteKFe22+Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
K Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Ca Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Ca CalciteCaCO3
Ca Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Ca FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Ca FluoriteCaF2
Ca Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Ca TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
TiTitanium
Ti BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Ti IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Ti RutileTiO2
Ti TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
MnManganese
Mn Almandine-Spessartine Series
Mn Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
FeIron
Fe Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Fe ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Fe AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Fe BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Fe ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Fe ChamositeFe52+Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Fe Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Fe IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Fe MarcasiteFeS2
Fe PyriteFeS2
Fe PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Fe SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Fe SiderophylliteKFe22+Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Fe Almandine-Spessartine Series
Fe Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
CuCopper
Cu ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
AsArsenic
As ArsenopyriteFeAsS
ZrZirconium
Zr ZirconZr(SiO4)
NbNiobium
Nb Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
MoMolybdenum
Mo MolybdeniteMoS2
CeCerium
Ce Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
UUranium
U UraniniteUO2

Mindat Articles

Minerals of Rollstone Hill, Fitchburg, Massachusetts by Peter Cristofono


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