Murray meteorite, Calloway County, Kentucky, USAi
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Murray meteorite | Meteorite Fall Location |
| Calloway County | County |
| Kentucky | State |
| USA | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
36° 36' North , 88° 6' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Meteorite Class:
Meteoritical Society Class:
Köppen climate type:
Classification: CM2 Carbonaceous Chondrite
On September 20, 1950, after a brilliant fireball was seen in the neighboring state of Illinois, the Murray meteoroid exploded at a high altitude and after a number of sonic booms were heard, several pieces of the meteorite were recovered some 15 kilometers east of Murray, Kentucky. The largest recovered fragment (3.4 kg) created a small 15 cm deep crater. Murray is the second largest of the 15 recovered CM (Mighei-like) Carbonaceous Chondrite falls (Total Mass - 12.6 kg). Over 400 CM stones have been recovered, but most of them are quite small. The five largest CM meteorites are all witnessed falls. A half-century ago amino acids and other complex organic compounds were found in several extant CM2 meteorites. In the past two decades, interest in CM2 meteorites has quickened as tiny diamonds, corundum and other minerals appear to contain trapped gases which predate the beginnings of the solar nebula.
Murray and other carbonaceous chondrites share similar oxygen isotope ratios and have nearly solar Mg/Si ratios. In addition, the members of the CM chemical group are distinguished by small chondrules and inclusions, abundant fine-grained matrix (~70 vol%), and abundant hydrated minerals. The CM2 type meteorites are further characterized by their Ni-bearing sulfides.
Continuing concerns with Murray and other CM2 meteorites include: (1) Can we determine positively whether the hydrated minerals are preterrestrial? (2) Do exotic inclusions sample other bodies besides a putative CM parent body. (3) Do the minute particles/crystals of graphite, diamond, corundum, silicon carbide etc. tell us about the red giants, novae, and/or supernovae which supplied the heavier elements of the solar nebula.
The Meteoritical Society’s “Meteoritical Society Database” can lead interested parties to more information, references, and photographs.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsMineral List
28 valid minerals.
Meteorite/Rock Types Recorded
Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!
Select Rock List Type
Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Aragonite Formula: CaCO3 |
| ⓘ Augite Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| ⓘ Augite var. Fassaite Formula: (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6] |
| ⓘ Barringerite Formula: (Fe,Ni)2P |
| ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 |
| ⓘ 'Chlorite Group' |
| ⓘ Chromite Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2O4 |
| ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup' |
| ⓘ Corundum Formula: Al2O3 |
| ⓘ Cronstedtite Formula: Fe2+2Fe3+((Si,Fe3+)2O5)(OH)4 References: |
| ⓘ Daubréelite Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2S4 |
| ⓘ Diamond Formula: C Description: Includes very occasional pre-solar diamonds |
| ⓘ Diopside Formula: CaMgSi2O6 References: |
| ⓘ Enstatite Formula: Mg2Si2O6 |
| ⓘ Eskolaite Formula: Cr2O3 |
| ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series' |
| ⓘ Forsterite Formula: Mg2SiO4 References: |
| ⓘ Graphite Formula: C |
| ⓘ Hibonite Formula: CaAl12O19 References: |
| ⓘ Mackinawite Formula: FeS |
| ⓘ Magnetite Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ Native Iron Formula: Fe |
| ⓘ Native Iron var. Kamacite Formula: (Fe,Ni) |
| ⓘ Paragonite Formula: NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Pentlandite Formula: (NixFey)Σ9S8 |
| ⓘ Perovskite Formula: CaTiO3 |
| ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group' Formula: ADSi2O6 Description: Found in spinel-pyroxene inclusions |
| ⓘ Pyrrhotite Formula: Fe1-xS |
| ⓘ Schreibersite Formula: (Fe,Ni)3P |
| ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup' Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| ⓘ 'Smectite Group' Formula: A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O |
| ⓘ Spinel Formula: MgAl2O4 Description: Including a few pre-solar grains References: |
| ⓘ Taenite Formula: (Fe,Ni) |
| ⓘ Tochilinite Formula: Fe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10 References: |
| ⓘ Troilite Formula: FeS |
| ⓘ Tschermakite Formula: ◻(Ca2)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Native Iron | 1.AE.05 | Fe |
| ⓘ | var. Kamacite | 1.AE.05 | (Fe,Ni) |
| ⓘ | Taenite | 1.AE.10 | (Fe,Ni) |
| ⓘ | Schreibersite | 1.BD.05 | (Fe,Ni)3P |
| ⓘ | Barringerite | 1.BD.10 | (Fe,Ni)2P |
| ⓘ | Graphite | 1.CB.05a | C |
| ⓘ | Diamond | 1.CB.10a | C |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| ⓘ | Pentlandite | 2.BB.15 | (NixFey)Σ9S8 |
| ⓘ | Pyrrhotite | 2.CC.10 | Fe1-xS |
| ⓘ | Troilite | 2.CC.10 | FeS |
| ⓘ | Mackinawite | 2.CC.25 | FeS |
| ⓘ | Daubréelite | 2.DA.05 | Fe2+Cr3+2S4 |
| ⓘ | Tochilinite | 2.FD.35 | Fe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Chromite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Cr3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Spinel | 4.BB.05 | MgAl2O4 |
| ⓘ | Corundum | 4.CB.05 | Al2O3 |
| ⓘ | Eskolaite | 4.CB.05 | Cr2O3 |
| ⓘ | Perovskite | 4.CC.30 | CaTiO3 |
| ⓘ | Hibonite | 4.CC.45 | CaAl12O19 |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Aragonite | 5.AB.15 | CaCO3 |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Forsterite | 9.AC.05 | Mg2SiO4 |
| ⓘ | Enstatite | 9.DA.05 | Mg2Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | Augite | 9.DA.15 | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | Diopside | 9.DA.15 | CaMgSi2O6 |
| ⓘ | Augite var. Fassaite | 9.DA.15 | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6] |
| ⓘ | Tschermakite | 9.DE.10 | ◻(Ca2)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Paragonite | 9.EC.15 | NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Cronstedtite | 9.ED.15 | Fe2+2Fe3+((Si,Fe3+)2O5)(OH)4 |
| Unclassified | |||
| ⓘ | 'Chlorite Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Pyroxene Group' | - | ADSi2O6 |
| ⓘ | 'Smectite Group' | - | A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O |
| ⓘ | 'Serpentine Subgroup' | - | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Cronstedtite | Fe22+Fe3+((Si,Fe3+)2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Paragonite | NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Tochilinite | Fe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10 |
| H | ⓘ Tschermakite | ◻(Ca2)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Smectite Group | A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O |
| H | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Diamond | C |
| C | ⓘ Graphite | C |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Chromite | Fe2+Cr23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Corundum | Al2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Cronstedtite | Fe22+Fe3+((Si,Fe3+)2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Eskolaite | Cr2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Forsterite | Mg2SiO4 |
| O | ⓘ Hibonite | CaAl12O19 |
| O | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Paragonite | NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Perovskite | CaTiO3 |
| O | ⓘ Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Tochilinite | Fe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10 |
| O | ⓘ Tschermakite | ◻(Ca2)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series | |
| O | ⓘ Pyroxene Group | ADSi2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Augite var. Fassaite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6] |
| O | ⓘ Smectite Group | A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O |
| O | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | ⓘ Paragonite | NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Na | ⓘ Augite var. Fassaite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6] |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Forsterite | Mg2SiO4 |
| Mg | ⓘ Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| Mg | ⓘ Tochilinite | Fe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10 |
| Mg | ⓘ Tschermakite | ◻(Ca2)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series | |
| Mg | ⓘ Augite var. Fassaite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6] |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Corundum | Al2O3 |
| Al | ⓘ Hibonite | CaAl12O19 |
| Al | ⓘ Paragonite | NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| Al | ⓘ Tschermakite | ◻(Ca2)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Augite var. Fassaite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6] |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Cronstedtite | Fe22+Fe3+((Si,Fe3+)2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Forsterite | Mg2SiO4 |
| Si | ⓘ Paragonite | NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Tschermakite | ◻(Ca2)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series | |
| Si | ⓘ Pyroxene Group | ADSi2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Augite var. Fassaite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6] |
| Si | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | ⓘ Barringerite | (Fe,Ni)2P |
| P | ⓘ Schreibersite | (Fe,Ni)3P |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Daubréelite | Fe2+Cr23+S4 |
| S | ⓘ Mackinawite | FeS |
| S | ⓘ Pentlandite | (NixFey)Σ9S8 |
| S | ⓘ Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| S | ⓘ Tochilinite | Fe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10 |
| S | ⓘ Troilite | FeS |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Hibonite | CaAl12O19 |
| Ca | ⓘ Perovskite | CaTiO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Tschermakite | ◻(Ca2)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Augite var. Fassaite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6] |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | ⓘ Perovskite | CaTiO3 |
| Ti | ⓘ Augite var. Fassaite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6] |
| Cr | Chromium | |
| Cr | ⓘ Chromite | Fe2+Cr23+O4 |
| Cr | ⓘ Daubréelite | Fe2+Cr23+S4 |
| Cr | ⓘ Eskolaite | Cr2O3 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Barringerite | (Fe,Ni)2P |
| Fe | ⓘ Chromite | Fe2+Cr23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Cronstedtite | Fe22+Fe3+((Si,Fe3+)2O5)(OH)4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Daubréelite | Fe2+Cr23+S4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Native Iron | Fe |
| Fe | ⓘ Native Iron var. Kamacite | (Fe,Ni) |
| Fe | ⓘ Mackinawite | FeS |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pentlandite | (NixFey)Σ9S8 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| Fe | ⓘ Schreibersite | (Fe,Ni)3P |
| Fe | ⓘ Taenite | (Fe,Ni) |
| Fe | ⓘ Tochilinite | Fe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10 |
| Fe | ⓘ Troilite | FeS |
| Fe | ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series | |
| Fe | ⓘ Augite var. Fassaite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6] |
| Ni | Nickel | |
| Ni | ⓘ Barringerite | (Fe,Ni)2P |
| Ni | ⓘ Native Iron var. Kamacite | (Fe,Ni) |
| Ni | ⓘ Pentlandite | (NixFey)Σ9S8 |
| Ni | ⓘ Schreibersite | (Fe,Ni)3P |
| Ni | ⓘ Taenite | (Fe,Ni) |
Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality
North AmericaContinent
North America PlateTectonic Plate
- Granite-Rhyolite ProvinceMagmatic Province
- Illinois BasinBasin
- Shawnee DomainDomain
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References
Macdougall, J.D., Kothari, B.K. (1976) Formation chronology for C2 meteorites. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 33 (1) 36-44 doi:10.1016/0012-821x(76)90155-2
Bernatowicz, Thomas, Fraundorf, Gail, Ming, Tang, Anders, Edward, Wopenka, Brigitte, Zinner, Ernst, Fraundorf, Phil (1987) Evidence for interstellar SiC in the Murray carbonaceous meteorite. Nature, 330 (6150). 728-730 doi:10.1038/330728a0
Zinner, Ernst, Ming, Tang, Anders, Edward (1989) Interstellar SiC in the Murchison and Murray meteorites: Isotopic composition of Ne, Xe, Si, C, and N. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 53 (12) 3273-3290 doi:10.1016/0016-7037(89)90107-5
Huss, Gary R., Meshik, Alex P., Smith, Julie B., Hohenberg, C.M. (2003) Presolar diamond, silicon carbide, and graphite in carbonaceous chondrites: implications for thermal processing in the solar nebula. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 67 (24) 4823-4848 doi:10.1016/j.gca.2003.07.019
Zinner, Ernst, Amari, Sachiko, Guinness, Robert, Nguyen, Ann, Stadermann, Frank J., Walker, Robert M., Lewis, Roy S. (2003) Presolar spinel grains from the Murray and Murchison carbonaceous chondrites. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 67 (24) 5083-5095 doi:10.1016/s0016-7037(03)00261-8
LEE, Martin R., ELLEN, Rachael (2008) Aragonite in the Murray (CM2) carbonaceous chondrite: Implications for parent body compaction and aqueous alteration. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 43 (7) 1219-1231 doi:10.1111/j.1945-5100.2008.tb01124.x