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Magnesio-foitite

A valid IMA mineral species
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01819940017506244952459.jpg
Magnesio-foitite

Kyonosawa, Yamanashi City, Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan
09136000017272045558883.jpg
Magnesio-foitite, etc.

Pyshminsk deposit, Berezovsk deposit, Beryozovsky, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia
01632540017747859086089.jpg
Magnesio-foitite, etc.

Picuris District, Taos County, New Mexico, USA
03241160017271928789208.jpg
Magnesio-foitite

Kyonosawa, Yamanashi City, Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan
04108410017271928812818.jpg
Magnesio-foitite, etc.

Pyshminsk deposit, Berezovsk deposit, Beryozovsky, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia
09310730017698971204739.jpg
Magnesio-foitite, etc.

Picuris District, Taos County, New Mexico, USA
04188670017271928953826.jpg
Magnesio-foitite

Kyonosawa, Yamanashi City, Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan
09283240017271928977132.jpg
Magnesio-foitite, etc.

Pyshminsk deposit, Berezovsk deposit, Beryozovsky, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia
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About Magnesio-foititeHide

Formula:
◻(Mg2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Colour:
Pale bluish-grey
Lustre:
Earthy
Hardness:
7
Specific Gravity:
2.995 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Name:
Named for its relationship to foitite.
Tourmaline Group.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
7162
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:7162:4

IMA Classification of Magnesio-foititeHide

IMA status:
Approved
IMA Formula:
◻(Mg2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OH
Approval year:
1998
First published:
1999

Classification of Magnesio-foititeHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
9.CK.05

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
C : Cyclosilicates
K : [Si6O18]12- 6-membered single rings, with insular complex anions
Dana 7th ed.:
61.3.1.2

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
MfoiIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
MftThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of Magnesio-foititeHide

Lustre:
Earthy
Colour:
Pale bluish-grey
Streak:
Not reported.
Hardness:
7 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Density:
2.995 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Magnesio-foititeHide

Type:
Uniaxial (-)
RI values:
nω = 1.65 nε = 1.624
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.026
Based on recorded range of RI values above.

Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.

Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.

Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.

Surface Relief:
High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).

This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized uniaxial interference figure - the conoscopic (convergent-light, Bertrand-lens-in) view, for a grain cut with the optic axis centred and vertical. The coloured rings are isochromatics, computed with the same physics as the Michel-Lévy bar above; the dark cross is the isogyre.

For a genuinely uniaxial mineral viewed this way, that cross stays perfectly stationary if you rotate the stage - unlike a biaxial mineral, where it splits apart on rotation. That invariance is itself the standard diagnostic test for telling uniaxial and biaxial minerals apart at the microscope.
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
O = grey-blue; E = pale lavender.
Comments:
Absorption: Moderate, ω > ε.

Chemistry of Magnesio-foititeHide

Mindat Formula:
◻(Mg2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Element Weights:
Element% weight
O52.852 %
Al20.126 %
Si17.957 %
Mg5.180 %
B3.456 %
H0.430 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
O
Al
Si
Mg
B
H
Elements listed:
Al, B, H, Mg, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of Magnesio-foititeHide

Crystal System:
Trigonal
Class (H-M):
3m - Ditrigonal Pyramidal
Space Group:
R3m

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
6.366 Å(60)
4.984 Å(30)
4.211 Å(90)
3.969 Å(100)
3.470 Å(60)
2.949 Å(70)
2.567 Å(100)
2.037 Å(50)
1.913 Å(40)
1.587 Å(30)
Comments:
Kyonosawa, Japan. The data are from the type description.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 4a: Earth’s earliest continental crust>4.4-3.0
19 : Granitic intrusive rocks
Near-surface Processes
23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47)
26 : Hadean detrital minerals
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks>3.0
34 : Complex granite pegmatites
Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics<3.5-2.5
40 : Regional metamorphism (greenschist, amphibolite, granulite facies)

Type Occurrence of Magnesio-foititeHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Kyonosawa, Yamanashi City, Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan
General Appearance of Type Material:
Bluish grey individual crystals and felted masses on fracture and void surfaces. Individual crystals average 5 µm wide and 50 µm long (max 15 µm wide and 1 mm long). Also as radial aggregates up to a millimeter across.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, number 81566 (type).
Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, number M47672 (type).
Geological Setting of Type Material:
From an alteration zone in a silicified porphyry developed in completely altered andesitic to dacitic volcanic rocks. Situated along a shear zone where there is strong acid hydrothermal alteration.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
DumortieriteHematiteKaolinitePyriteQuartz
Rutile

Synonyms of Magnesio-foititeHide

Other Language Names for Magnesio-foititeHide

Relationship of Magnesio-foitite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Tourmaline Group
Other Members of Tourmaline:
AdachiiteCaFe3Al6(Si5AlO18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
Alumino-oxy-rossmanite◻Al3Al6(Si5AlO18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
BosiiteNaFe3+3(Al4Mg2)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
Celleriite◻(Mn2+2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
Chromium-draviteNaMg3Cr3+6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
Chromo-alumino-povondraiteNaCr3(Al4Mg2)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
DarrellhenryiteNa(Al2Li)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
DutrowiteNa(Fe2+2.5Ti0.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
ErtliteNaAl3Al6(Si4B2O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
Ferro-bosiiteNaFe3+3(Al4Fe2+2)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
FeruviteCaFe2+3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
Fluor-buergeriteNaFe3+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3O3FTrig. 3m : R3m
Fluor-draviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3FTrig. 3m : R3m
Fluor-elbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3FTrig. 3m : R3m
Fluor-liddicoatiteCa(Li2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3FTrig. 3m : R3m
Fluor-rossmanite◻(Al2Li)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3FTrig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
Fluor-schorlNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3FTrig. 3m : R3m
Fluor-tsilaisiteNaMn2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3FTrig. 3m : R3m
Fluor-uviteCaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3FTrig. 3m : R3m
Foitite◻(Fe2+2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
LiddicoatiteCa(Li2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
LucchesiiteCaFe2+3 Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
Magnesio-dutrowiteNa(Mg2.5Ti0.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
Magnesio-lucchesiiteCaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
MaruyamaiteK(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
OleniteNaAl3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3O3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
Oxy-chromium-draviteNaCr3(Cr4Mg2)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O Trig. 3m : R3m
Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
Oxy-foitite◻(Fe2+Al2)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
Oxy-schorlNa(Fe2+2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
Oxy-vanadium-draviteNaV3(V4Mg2)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
PovondraiteNaFe3+3(Mg2Fe3+4)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
PrincivalleiteNa(Mn2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
Rossmanite◻(LiAl2)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
SchorlNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
TsilaisiteNaMn2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
'UM2000-64-SiO:BFeHKMg'(K,Na)Fe3+3(Mg2Fe3+4)Si6O18(BO3)3(OH)3O
'UM2008-52-SiO:AlBCaFFeHLiMgNa'(Ca,Na,◻)(Al,Li,Fe,Mg)3Al6[Si6O18](BO3)3(OH,O)3(F,O)
'Unnamed (F analogue of feruvite)'CaFe2+3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3F
'Unnamed (Mn2+-F-analogue of foitite)'◻(Mn2+2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3F ?
'Unnamed (Pb-analogue of Fluor-liddicoatite)'Pb(Li2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3F
UviteCaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
Vanadio-oxy-chromium-draviteNaV3(Cr4Mg2)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O Trig. 3m : R3m
Vanadio-oxy-draviteNaV3(Al4Mg2)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
30 photos of Magnesio-foitite associated with QuartzSiO2
11 photos of Magnesio-foitite associated with AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
9 photos of Magnesio-foitite associated with MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
9 photos of Magnesio-foitite associated with BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
8 photos of Magnesio-foitite associated with ScheeliteCa(WO4)
7 photos of Magnesio-foitite associated with 'Goshenite'Be3Al2(Si6O18)
2 photos of Magnesio-foitite associated with 'Limonite'
1 photo of Magnesio-foitite associated with WoodhouseiteCaAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

9.CK.AdachiiteCaFe3Al6(Si5AlO18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.Magnesio-dutrowiteNa(Mg2.5Ti0.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.DarrellhenryiteNa(Al2Li)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.Fluor-schorlNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3FTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.PrincivalleiteNa(Mn2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.Alumino-oxy-rossmanite◻Al3Al6(Si5AlO18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.DutrowiteNa(Fe2+2.5Ti0.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.Ferro-bosiiteNaFe3+3(Al4Fe2+2)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.BosiiteNaFe3+3(Al4Mg2)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.Celleriite◻(Mn2+2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05FeruviteCaFe2+3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05Chromium-draviteNaMg3Cr3+6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05Fluor-rossmanite◻(Al2Li)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3FTrig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
9.CK.05Oxy-schorlNa(Fe2+2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05Fluor-elbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3FTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05Fluor-uviteCaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3FTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05Foitite◻(Fe2+2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05Vanadio-oxy-draviteNaV3(Al4Mg2)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05Fluor-buergeriteNaFe3+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3O3FTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05'Unnamed (F analogue of feruvite)'CaFe2+3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3F
9.CK.05ErtliteNaAl3Al6(Si4B2O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05TsilaisiteNaMn2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05Fluor-liddicoatiteCa(Li2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3FTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05UviteCaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05Fluor-tsilaisiteNaMn2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3FTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05Oxy-foitite◻(Fe2+Al2)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
9.CK.05LiddicoatiteCa(Li2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05Vanadio-oxy-chromium-draviteNaV3(Cr4Mg2)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O Trig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05Rossmanite◻(LiAl2)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05Oxy-vanadium-draviteNaV3(V4Mg2)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05OleniteNaAl3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3O3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05'UM2000-64-SiO:BFeHKMg'(K,Na)Fe3+3(Mg2Fe3+4)Si6O18(BO3)3(OH)3O
9.CK.05Magnesio-lucchesiiteCaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05PovondraiteNaFe3+3(Mg2Fe3+4)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05LucchesiiteCaFe2+3 Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05Chromo-alumino-povondraiteNaCr3(Al4Mg2)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05Fluor-draviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3FTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05Oxy-chromium-draviteNaCr3(Cr4Mg2)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O Trig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05'Luinaite-(OH)'NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Mon. m : Bm
9.CK.05SchorlNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.05MaruyamaiteK(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OTrig. 3m : R3m
9.CK.10Abenakiite-(Ce)Na26Ce6(Si6O18)(PO4)6(CO3)6(SO2)OTrig. 3 : R3
9.CK.15ScawtiteCa7(Si3O9)2CO3 · 2H2OMon. 2/m
9.CK.20Thorosteenstrupine(Ca,Th,Mn)3Si4O11F · 6H2O
9.CK.20Steenstrupine-(Ce)Na14Mn2+2Fe3+2Ce6Zr(Si6O18)2(PO4)6(PO3OH)(OH)2 · 2H2OTrig. 3m(32/m) : R3m

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for Magnesio-foititeHide

References for Magnesio-foititeHide

Reference List:
Grew, Edward S.; Anovitz, Lawrence M. - Eds. (1996) Boron - Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry. Reviews in Mineralogy Vol. 33. Mineralogical Society of America p.862
Hawthorne, F. C., Selway, J. B., Kato, A., Matsubara, S., Shimizu, M., Grice, J. D., Vajdak, J. (1999) Magnesiofoitite, ◻(Mg2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)4, a new alkali-deficient tourmaline. The Canadian Mineralogist, 37 (6) 1439-1443
Jambor, J.L., Grew, E.S., Roberts, A.C. (2000) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 85: 1561-1565.
Henry, Darell J., Novak, Milan, Hawthorne, Frank C., Ertl, Andreas, Dutrow, Barbara L., Uher, Pavel, Pezzotta, Federico (2011) Nomenclature of the tourmaline-supergroup minerals. American Mineralogist, 96 (5) 895-913 doi:10.2138/am.2011.3636
Fantini, C., Tavares, M. C., Krambrock, K., Moreira, R. L., Righi, A. (2014) Raman and infrared study of hydroxyl sites in natural uvite, fluor-uvite, magnesio-foitite, dravite and elbaite tourmalines. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 41 (4) 247-254 doi:10.1007/s00269-013-0642-0
Bačík, Peter; Ertl, Andreas; Števko, Martin; Giester, Gerald; Sečkár, Peter (2015) Acicular zoned tourmaline (magnesio-foitite to foitite) from a quartz vein near Tisovec, Slovakia: the relationship between crystal chemistry and acicular habit. The Canadian Mineralogist, 53 (2). p.221-234. doi:10.3749/canmin.1400085
Berryman, E. J., Wunder, B., Ertl, A., Koch-Müller, M., Rhede, D., Scheidl, K., Giester, G., Heinrich, W. (2016) Influence of the X-site composition on tourmaline’s crystal structure: investigation of synthetic K-dravite, dravite, oxy-uvite, and magnesio-foitite using SREF and Raman spectroscopy. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 43 (2) 83-102 doi:10.1007/s00269-015-0776-3
(2021) Magnesio-foitite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America
Fuchs, Yves, Fourdrin, Chloé, Balan, Etienne (2022) Theoretical OH stretching vibrations in dravite. European Journal of Mineralogy, 34 (2) 239-251 doi:10.5194/ejm-34-239-2022 [also on magnesio-foitite]

Localities for Magnesio-foititeHide

Showing 46 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
Hide all sections | Show all sections

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia
 
  • Northern Territory
    • West Arnhem Region
      • Kakadu
Gigon et al. (2019)
  • Tasmania
    • West Coast municipality
      • Queenstown district
        • Queenstown
Ralph Bottrill et al in prep. +2 other references
Bottrill et al. (2008)
Bottrill et al. (2008)
Austria
 
  • Lower Austria
    • Krems-Land District
      • Senftenberg
Ertl et al. (2012)
Burkina Faso
 
  • Centre-Sud Region
    • Zoundweogo Province
      • Guiba Department
Fontaine et al. (2017)
Canada
 
  • Saskatchewan
    • Athabasca Basin
Reid et al. (2016)
Rosenberg P. E. (2006)
Adlakha et al. (2013) +4 other references
Rosenberg P. E. (2006)
Chile
 
  • Atacama
    • Copiapó Province
      • Copiapó
Miranda-Díaz et al. (2022)
China
 
  • Gansu
    • Gannan
      • Hezuo Co.
Su et al. (2026)
  • Sichuan
    • Garzê Autonomous Prefecture (Ganzi Autonomous Prefecture)
      • Yajiang County
Xuemin et al. (2026)
    • Mianyang
      • Pingwu Co.
        • Mount Little Xuebaoding
          • Huya township
Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
Czech Republic
 
  • Central Bohemian Region
    • Kutná Hora District
      • Vlastějovice
Gadas et al. (2011)
  • Olomouc Region
    • Šumperk District
      • Mohelnice
        • Řepová
Dolníček et al. (2019)
  • Vysočina Region
    • Žďár nad Sázavou District
      • Prosetín
Bačík et al. (2012)
Germany
 
  • Bavaria
    • Lower Bavaria
      • Regen District
        • Lindberg
          • Pauliberg
Melch (2017)
Hungary
 
  • Pest County
    • Szob District
WDS: Béla Fehér
Italy
 
  • Piedmont
    • Metropolitan City of Turin
      • Prali
Ciriotti et al. (2011)
  • Sardinia
    • South Sardinia Province
Fernando Caboni et al. (2024)
Fernando Caboni et al. (2024)
Japan
 
  • Gunma Prefecture
    • Agatsuma District
      • Nakanojou
Boyuan Zhang specimen
  • Miyazaki Prefecture
    • Nishiusuki District
      • Hinokage
Uehara et al. (2014)
  • Yamanashi Prefecture
    • Yamanashi City
Hawthorne et al. (1999) +1 other reference
Madagascar
 
  • Matsiatra Ambony
    • Ikalamavony District
www.minrec.org (2016)
Peru
 
  • Puno
    • Melgar Province
Harlaux et al. (2020)
Russia
 
  • Chelyabinsk Oblast
    • Sosnovsky District
Plotinskaya et al. (2014)
  • Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
    • Bilibinsky District
Nagornaya et al. (2021)
    • Chukchi Peninsula (Chukotka Peninsula; Chukotski Peninsula)
Baksheev et al. (2025)
  • Sverdlovsk Oblast
    • Beryozovsky
I.A. Baksheev and O.E. Kudryavtseva (2004) +1 other reference
Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data (2011)
Baksheev et al. (2004)
  • Tuva
    • Pi-Khem District
Baksheev et al. (2025)
    • Sut-Kholsky District
      • Aldan-Maadyr ore cluster
Kuzhuget et al. (2015)
Kuzhuget et al. (2022)
Slovakia
 
  • Banská Bystrica Region
    • Banská Štiavnica District
      • Beluj
Kozák J. et al. (2017)
    • Detva District
      • Vígľašská Huta-Kalinka
Juraj ŽItňan (2011)
    • Rimavská Sobota District
      • Tisovec
Bačík et al. (2015)
  • Bratislava Region
    • Pezinok District
      • Pezinok
        • Slnečné Valley
Uher et al. (2009)
  • Trenčín Region
    • Prievidza District
      • Nitrianske Pravno
Bacik et al. (2011)
Spain
 
  • Andalusia
    • Almería
      • Tíjola
Calvo Rebollar et al. (2022)
Turkey
 
  • Uşak Province
    • Eşme District
BOZKAYA et al. (2014)
UK
 
  • England
Duchoslav et al. (2017)
USA
 
  • California
    • Mono County
      • White Mountains
        • White Mountain Peak
F. Hawthorne pers. comm.
  • Wisconsin
    • Sauk County
Medaris et al. (2003)
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