Bicchulite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Bicchulite
Formula:
Ca2(Al2SiO6)(OH)2
Colour:
Colourless to white, gray
Lustre:
Earthy
Specific Gravity:
2.75
Crystal System:
Isometric
Name:
Named in 1973 by Chiyoko Henmi, Isao Kusachi, Kitinosuke Henmi, Peter Aubrey Sabine, and Bian Raymond Young for Bicchu (also given as Bitchu, Bitcho-Cho, and Bicchu-Cho), Okayama Prefecture, Chugoku Region, Honshu Island, Japan the town wherein the Japanese type locality is situated, although Bicchu was subsequently encompassed by an expanded Takahashi City.
Dimorph of:
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
661
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:661:1
Similar Names
| Bechilite | CaB4O7 · 6H2O |
IMA Classification of Bicchulite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Ca2Al2SiO6(OH)2
Approval year:
1973
First published:
1973
Type description reference:
Henmi, Chiyoko, Kusachi, Isao, Henmi, Kitinosuke, Sabine, Peter Aubrey, Young, Brian Raymond (1973) A new mineral bicchulite, the natural analogue of gehlenite hydrate, from Fuka, Okayama Prefecture, Japan and Carneal, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. Mineralogical Journal, 7 (3) 243-251 doi:10.2465/minerj1953.7.243
Classification of Bicchulite
9.FB.10
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
F : Tektosilicates without zeolitic H2O
B : Tektosilicates with additional anions
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
F : Tektosilicates without zeolitic H2O
B : Tektosilicates with additional anions
76.2.3.5
76 : TECTOSILICATES Al-Si Framework
2 : Al-Si Framework Feldspathoids and related species
76 : TECTOSILICATES Al-Si Framework
2 : Al-Si Framework Feldspathoids and related species
16.9.12
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
9 : Aluminosilicates of Ca
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
9 : Aluminosilicates of Ca
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Bch | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Bch | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Bicchulite
Earthy
Transparency:
Translucent
Comment:
Fine-grained mineral
Colour:
Colourless to white, gray
Streak:
White
Tenacity:
Brittle
Density:
2.75 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.813 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
Measured on synthetic material. May calculate to 2.792 using Gladstone-Dale relationship.
Optical Data of Bicchulite
Type:
Isotropic
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Chemistry of Bicchulite
Mindat Formula:
Ca2(Al2SiO6)(OH)2
Element Weights:
Common Impurities:
Ti,Fe,Mn,Mg,Na,K,P
Crystallography of Bicchulite
Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
43m - Hextetrahedral
Space Group:
I43m
Setting:
I43m
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.83 Å
Unit Cell V:
688.47 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0010826 | Bicchulite | Sahl K (1980) Refinement of the crystal structure of bicchulite, Ca2[Al2SiO6](OH)2 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 152 13-21 | ![]() | 1980 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0010796 | Bicchulite | Sahl K, Chatterjee N D (1977) The crystal structure of bicchulite, Ca2[Al2SiO6](OH)2 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 146 35-41 | ![]() | 1977 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.60 Å | (90) |
| 3.49 Å | (10) |
| 3.12 Å | (10) |
| 3.04 Å | (40) |
| 2.96 Å | (40) |
| 2.786 Å | (100) |
| 2.753 Å | (95) |
| 2.597 Å | (50) |
| 2.460 Å | (40) |
| 2.354 Å | (45) |
| 2.205 Å | (20) |
| 2.135 Å | (10) |
| 2.079 Å | (40) |
| 1.984 Å | (10) |
| 1.890 Å | (10) |
| 1.801 Å | (15) |
| 1.763 Å | (15) |
| 1.732 Å | (10) |
| 1.665 Å | (15) |
| 1.625 Å | (30) |
| 1.559 Å | (50) |
| 1.514 Å | (25) |
Comments:
Henmi, et al. (1973). Also ICDD 27-66; formerly also ICDD 16-388
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47) | |
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 31 : Thermally altered carbonate, phosphate, and iron formations | |
| Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
| 51 : Pyrometamorphic minerals (see also #54 and #56) | <0.36 |
Type Occurrence of Bicchulite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
Reference:
Henmi, Chiyoko, Kusachi, Isao, Henmi, Kitinosuke, Sabine, Peter Aubrey, Young, Brian Raymond (1973) A new mineral bicchulite, the natural analogue of gehlenite hydrate, from Fuka, Okayama Prefecture, Japan and Carneal, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. Mineralogical Journal, 7 (3) 243-251 doi:10.2465/minerj1953.7.243
Synonyms of Bicchulite
Other Language Names for Bicchulite
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 2 photos of Bicchulite associated with Gehlenite | Ca2Al[AlSiO7] |
| 1 photo of Bicchulite associated with 'Hibschite' | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.FB. | Perchukite-(Y) | PbYAsSi2O8 |
| 9.FB. | Åsgruvanite-(Ce) | Ce16Ca5Al(SiO4)6(AsO3)8(CO3)2Cl4F3(OH)2 |
| 9.FB. | Steudelite | Na3(K17Ca7)Ca4(Al24Si24O96)(SO3)6F6 · 4H2O |
| 9.FB. | Wenlanzhangite-(Y) | Y2V3+2V4+2(SiO4)2O4(OH)4 |
| 9.FB. | Slyudyankaite | Na28Ca4(Si24Al24O96)(SO4)6(S6)1/3(CO2) · 2H2O |
| 9.FB. | Bolotinaite | (Na7◻)(Al6Si6O24)F · 4H2O |
| 9.FB. | Sapozhnikovite | Na8(Al6Si6O24)(HS)2 |
| 9.FB. | Betzite | Na6Ca2(Al6Si6O24)Cl4 |
| 9.FB.05 | Quadridavyne | (Na,K)6Ca2(Al6Si6O24)Cl4 |
| 9.FB.05 | Sulfhydrylbystrite | Na5K2Ca[Al6Si6O24](S5)2(SH) |
| 9.FB.05 | Marinellite | (Na,K)42Ca6(Al6Si6O24)6(SO4)8Cl2 · 3H2O |
| 9.FB.05 | Afghanite | (Na,K)22Ca10(Si24Al24O96)(SO4)6Cl6 |
| 9.FB.05 | Bystrite | (Na,K)7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(S5)Cl |
| 9.FB.05 | Franzinite | (Na,K)6Ca2(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)2 · 0.5H2O |
| 9.FB.05 | Kyanoxalite | Na7(Al6-xSi6+xO24)(C2O4)0.5+x · 5H2O (0 < x < 0.5) |
| 9.FB.05 | Vishnevite | (Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O |
| 9.FB.05 | Farneseite | (Na,Ca,K)56(Al6Si6O24)7(SO4)12 · 6H2O |
| 9.FB.05 | Alloriite | (Na,Ca,K)26Ca4(Al6Si6O24)4(SO4)6Cl6 |
| 9.FB.05 | Liottite | (Na,K)16Ca8(Al6Si6O24)3(SO4)5Cl4 |
| 9.FB.05 | Depmeierite | Na8(Al6Si6O24)(PO4,CO3)1-x · 3H2O (x<0.5) |
| 9.FB.05 | Biachellaite | (Na,Ca,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)2(OH)0.5 · H2O |
| 9.FB.05 | Cancrinite | (Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 9.FB.05 | Cancrisilite | Na7(Al5Si7O24)(CO3) · 3H2O |
| 9.FB.05 | Fantappièite | [Na82.5Ca33K16.5](Si99Al99O396)(SO4)33 · 4H2O |
| 9.FB.05 | Carbobystrite | Na8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3) · 3.5H2O |
| 9.FB.05 | Microsommite | Na4K2Ca2(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)Cl2 |
| 9.FB.05 | Pitiglianoite | Na6K2(Al6Si6O24)(SO4) · 2H2O |
| 9.FB.05 | Tounkite | (Na,Ca,K)8(Si6Al6)O24(SO4)2Cl · 0.5H2O |
| 9.FB.05 | Balliranoite | (Na,K)6Ca2(Si6Al6O24)Cl2(CO3) |
| 9.FB.05 | Giuseppettite | (Na,K,Ca)7-8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,Cl)1-2 |
| 9.FB.05 | Sacrofanite | (Na61K19Ca32)(Si84Al84O336)(SO4)26Cl2F6 · 2H2O |
| 9.FB.05 | Kircherite | Na5Ca2K(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)2 · 0.33H2O |
| 9.FB.05 | Hydroxycancrinite | Na8(Al6Si6O24)(OH)2 · 2H2O |
| 9.FB.05 | Davyne | (Na,K)6Ca2(Al6Si6O24)(Cl2,SO4)2 |
| 9.FB.10 | Haüyne | Na3Ca(Si3Al3)O12(SO4) |
| 9.FB.10 | Lazurite | Na7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)(S3) · H2O |
| 9.FB.10 | Danalite | Be3Fe2+4(SiO4)3S |
| 9.FB.10 | Helvine | Be3Mn2+4(SiO4)3S |
| 9.FB.10 | Kamaishilite | Ca2(Al2SiO6)(OH)2 |
| 9.FB.10 | Sodalite | Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl |
| 9.FB.10 | Nosean | Na8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4) · H2O |
| 9.FB.10 | Genthelvite | Be3Zn4(SiO4)3S |
| 9.FB.10 | Tsaregorodtsevite | (N(CH3)4)(AlSi5O12) |
| 9.FB.10 | Vladimirivanovite | Na6Ca2(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,S3,S2,Cl)2 · H2O |
| 9.FB.10 | Tugtupite | (BeAlSi)Na4(SiO4)3Cl |
| 9.FB.15 | Marialite | Na4Al3Si9O24Cl |
| 9.FB.15 | Meionite | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 |
| 9.FB.15 | Silvialite | (Ca,Na)4(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) |
Fluorescence of Bicchulite
Fluoresces dark red under all wavelengths, see e.g. https://www.mindat.org/photo-1305648.html
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Bicchulite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-661.html
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References for Bicchulite
Reference List:
Henmi, Chiyoko, Kusachi, Isao, Henmi, Kitinosuke, Sabine, Peter Aubrey, Young, Brian Raymond (1973) A new mineral bicchulite, the natural analogue of gehlenite hydrate, from Fuka, Okayama Prefecture, Japan and Carneal, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. Mineralogical Journal, 7 (3) 243-251 doi:10.2465/minerj1953.7.243
HENMI, Chiyoko (1976) Synthesis of bicchulite from gehlenite solid solutions. Mineralogical Journal, 8 (3) 171-183 doi:10.2465/minerj.8.171
Sahl, Kurt, Chatterjee, Niranjan Deb (1977) The crystal structure of bicchulite, Ca2[Al2SiO6](OH)2. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 146 (1-3). 35-41 doi:10.1524/zkri.1977.146.1-3.35
Gupta, Alok K., Chatterjee, Niranjan D. (1978) Synthesis, composition, thermal stability, and thermodynamic properties of bicchulite, Ca2[Al2SiO6](OH)2. American Mineralogist, 63 (1-2) 58-65
Sahl, Kurt (1980) Refinement of the crystal structure of bicchulite, Ca2[Al2SiO6](OH)2. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 152 (1) 13-21 doi:10.1524/zkri.1980.152.1-2.13
Hassan, I., Grundy, H. D. (1984) The crystal structures of sodalite-group minerals. Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, 40 (1) 6-13 doi:10.1107/s0108768184001683
Winkler, B., Milman, V., Pickard, C. J. (2004) Quantum mechanical study of Al/Si disorder in leucite and bicchulite. Mineralogical Magazine, 68 (5) 819-824 doi:10.1180/0026461046850222
Peters, Lars; Knorr, Karsten; Katzke, Hannelore; Knapp, Michael; Depmeier, Wulf (2006) The transformation mechanism of the sodalite- to the melilite-topology: Thermal expansion and decomposition of bicchulite-type to melilite-type compounds. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 221 (3). p.198-205. doi:10.1524/zkri.2006.221.3.198
Localities for Bicchulite
Showing 9 localities.
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Japan | |
| - (n.d.) |
| Bunno et al. (1982) +1 other reference |
| Harada et al. (2016) | |
| Henmi et al. (1973) +2 other references |
Middle East | |
| Vapnik et al. (2014) | |
Turkey | |
| Taner et al. (2013) |
UK | |
| Henmi et al. (1973) +1 other reference |
USA | |
| rruff.info (n.d.) |
|
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The
Fuka mine, Fuka, Bitchū, Takahashi City, Okayama Prefecture, Japan