Sinkankasite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Sinkankasite
John and Marjory Sinkankas 1988
Formula:
Mn2+Al(PO3OH)2(OH) · 6H2O
Colour:
Colourless
Lustre:
Vitreous, Dull
Hardness:
4
Specific Gravity:
2.27
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Name:
Named in 1984 by Donald R. Peacor, Pete J. Dunn, Willard Lincoln Roberts, Thomas J. Campbell, and William B. Simmons in honor of Captain John Sinkankas [May 15, 1915 Paterson, New Jersey, USA - May 17, 2002 San Diego, California, USA] innovator in faceting gem stones, author of mineralogical and gemological books, rare geoscience book dealer, mineral artist, mineral collector, and associate with Scripps Institute of Oceanography.
This page provides mineralogical data about Sinkankasite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3674
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3674:6
IMA Classification of Sinkankasite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Mn2+Al(PO3OH)2(OH)·6H2O
Approval year:
1982
First published:
1984
Classification of Sinkankasite
8.DB.20
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4< 1:1
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4< 1:1
42.7.1.4
42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
7 : (AB)2(XO4)Zq·xH2O
42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
7 : (AB)2(XO4)Zq·xH2O
19.12.8
19 : Phosphates
12 : Phosphates of Mn
19 : Phosphates
12 : Phosphates of Mn
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Ska | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Sinkankasite
Vitreous, Dull
Transparency:
Transparent
Comment:
Vitreous on cleavages.
Colour:
Colourless
Hardness:
4 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Very brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
{100}
{100}
Parting:
Parting along {100} twin boundaries.
Density:
2.27 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.25 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Sinkankasite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.511(2) nβ = 1.529(2) nγ = 1.544(2)
2V:
Measured: 84° , Calculated: 84°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.033
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
None to Very Low
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
r < v, moderate.
Optical Extinction:
Y ∧ c ≃ 11°.
Comments:
Optical measurements are complicated by intrinsic multiple twinning.
Chemistry of Sinkankasite
Mindat Formula:
Mn2+Al(PO3OH)2(OH) · 6H2O
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Sinkankasite
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:
P1
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.590(2) Å, b = 9.818(2) Å, c = 6.860(1) Å
α = 108.04(3)°, β = 99.63(3)°, γ = 98.87(3)°
α = 108.04(3)°, β = 99.63(3)°, γ = 98.87(3)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.977 : 1 : 0.699
Unit Cell V:
590.69 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Elongate on [001], tabular on {100} and composed of the forms {100}, {010}, and {001}.
Twinning:
On {100}, common.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0001744 | Sinkankasite | Burns P C, Hawthorne F C (1995) The crystal structure of sinkankasite, a complex heteropolyhedral sheet mineral American Mineralogist 80 620-627 |  | 1995 | Barker pegmatite, near Keystone, Pennington County, South Dakota, USA | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Loading XRD data...
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 9.2 Å | (100) |
| 5.06 Å | (60) |
| 5.41 Å | (50) |
| 4.58 Å | (40) |
| 2.834 Å | (40) |
| 2.701 Å | (40) |
| 2.943 Å | (30) |
Comments:
Barker-Ferguson Mine, South Dakota, USA. Data from the type description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 22 : Hydration and low-? subsurface aqueous alteration (see also #23) |
Type Occurrence of Sinkankasite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Complete pseudomorphs after subhedral to euhedral triphylite and as cavity fillings formed from the partial or complete dissolution of triphylite; ranging in size from <1 to 10 cm3. Also found along fractures that cut quartz, microcline, albite, and muscovite.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
The Natural History Museum, London, England; National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 149597.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Late-stage hydrothermal alteration product of triphylite.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Sinkankasite
Other Language Names for Sinkankasite
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 6 photos of Sinkankasite associated with Hureaulite | Mn2+5(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 3 photos of Sinkankasite associated with Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| 2 photos of Sinkankasite associated with 'Carbonate-rich Fluorapatite' | Ca5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O) |
| 2 photos of Sinkankasite associated with Barbosalite | Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 1 photo of Sinkankasite associated with Vivianite | Fe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| 1 photo of Sinkankasite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.DB. | Arangasite | Al2F(PO4)(SO4) · 9H2O |
| 8.DB. | Höslite | Fe3+3(VO4)2(SO4)(OH)(H2O)4 · 3H2O |
| 8.DB. | Camaronesite | [Fe3+(H2O)2(PO3OH)]2(SO4) · 1-2H2O |
| 8.DB.05 | Destinezite | Fe3+2(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 6H2O |
| 8.DB.05 | Pitticite | (Fe, AsO4, H2O) (?) |
| 8.DB.05 | Diadochite | Fe3+2(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 6H2O |
| 8.DB.07 | Wilhelmgümbelite | ZnFe2+Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)4(H2O)5 · 2H2O |
| 8.DB.07 | Schmidite | [Zn2(Fe3+,Mn2+)2Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)3(H2O)6] · 2H2O |
| 8.DB.07 | Wildenauerite | Zn(Fe3+,Mn2+)2MnFe3+(PO4)3(OH)3(H2O)6 · 2H2O |
| 8.DB.10 | Vashegyite | Al11(PO4)9(OH)6 · 38H2O |
| 8.DB.15 | Schoonerite | ZnMn2+Fe2+2Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)2 · 9H2O |
| 8.DB.25 | Mitryaevaite | Al6(PO4)((P,S)O3(OH,O))2F2(OH)2 · 14.5H2O |
| 8.DB.30 | Sanjuanite | Al2(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 9H2O |
| 8.DB.35 | Sarmientite | Fe3+2(AsO4)(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O |
| 8.DB.40 | Bukovskýite | Fe3+2(AsO4)(SO4)(OH) · 9H2O |
| 8.DB.40 | Manganflurlite | ZnMn2+3Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)2(H2O)7 · 2H2O |
| 8.DB.40 | Flurlite | Zn3Mn2+Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)2 · 9H2O |
| 8.DB.42 | Bohuslavite | Fe3+4(PO4)3(SO4)(OH) · nH2O |
| 8.DB.45 | Zýkaite | Fe3+4(AsO4)3(SO4)(OH) · 15H2O |
| 8.DB.47 | Lapeyreite | Cu3O[AsO3(OH)]2 · 0.75H2O |
| 8.DB.50 | Rossiantonite | Al3(PO4)(SO4)2(OH)2(H2O)14 |
| 8.DB.50 | Giniite | Fe2+Fe3+4(PO4)3(OH)5 · 2H2O |
| 8.DB.52 | 'Arctowskite' | Al9(PO4)8(OH)3 · 27H2O |
| 8.DB.55 | Sasaite | (Al,Fe3+)14(PO4)11(SO4)(OH)7 · 83H2O |
| 8.DB.60 | Mcauslanite | Fe3Al2(PO4)3(PO3OH)F · 18H2O |
| 8.DB.65 | Goldquarryite | CuCd2Al3(PO4)4F2(H2O,F)2 · 10H2O |
| 8.DB.70 | Birchite | Cd2Cu2(PO4)2(SO4) · 5H2O |
| 8.DB.75 | Braithwaiteite | NaCu5(Ti4+Sb5+)(AsO4)4(HAsO4)2O2 · 8H2O |
Fluorescence of Sinkankasite
Not fluorescent.
Other Information
Notes:
Readily soluble in dilute 1:1 HCl.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Sinkankasite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3674.html
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References for Sinkankasite
Reference List:
Peacor, Donald R., Dunn, Pete J., Roberts, Willard L., Campbell, Thomas J., Simmons, William B. (1984) Sinkankasite, a new phosphate from the Barker pegmatite, South Dakota. American Mineralogist, 69 (3-4) 380-382
Localities for Sinkankasite
Showing 3 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Russia | |
| Gamyanin et al. (2014) +1 other reference |
USA | |
| Peacor et al. (1984) |
| Peacor et al. (1984) |
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Barker-Ferguson Mine, Keystone, Keystone Mining District, Pennington County, South Dakota, USA