Wildenauerite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Wildenauerite
Formula:
Zn(Fe3+,Mn2+)2MnFe3+(PO4)3(OH)3(H2O)6 · 2H2O
Colour:
Orange to red brown
Lustre:
Pearly
Specific Gravity:
2.79
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
Named for the original quarry name, Wildenauer-Grube, the type locality. The quarry name, in-turn, is in honour of the mining family, Wildenauer, and their long-time activities in feldspar mining at the Hagendorf Süd pegmatite.
Type Locality:
Isostructural with:
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
52168
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:52168:8
IMA Classification of Wildenauerite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Zn2+(Fe3+0.5Mn2+0.5)2Mn2+Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)3(H2O)8
Approval year:
2017
First published:
2019
Type description reference:
Grey, Ian E., Keck, Erich, Kampf, Anthony R., Cashion, John D., MacRae, Colin M., Glenn, Alexander M., Gozukara, Yesim (2019) Schmidite and wildenauerite, two new schoonerite-group minerals from the Hagendorf-Süd pegmatite, Oberpfalz, Bavaria. Mineralogical Magazine, 83 (2) 181-190 doi:10.1180/mgm.2018.123
Classification of Wildenauerite
8.DB.07
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4< 1:1
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4< 1:1
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Wda | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Wildenauerite
Pearly
Colour:
Orange to red brown
Comment:
Hardness not reported.
Cleavage:
Perfect
{010}.
{010}.
Density:
2.79(1) g/cm3 (Measured) 2.76 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
Calculated density based on the empirical formula
Optical Data of Wildenauerite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.656 - 1.662 nβ = 1.684 - 1.690 nγ = 1.739 - 1.745
2V:
Measured: 73° (1), Calculated: 73°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.083
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
r > v, strong
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X = light red brown, Y = medium red brown, Z = dark red brown.
Absorption X < Y < Z.
Absorption X < Y < Z.
Comments:
Orientation X = b, Y = c, Z = a.
Chemistry of Wildenauerite
Mindat Formula:
Zn(Fe3+,Mn2+)2MnFe3+(PO4)3(OH)3(H2O)6 · 2H2O
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Wildenauerite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm(2/m2/m2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pbam
Cell Parameters:
a = 11.082(1) Å, b = 25.498(2) Å, c = 6.436(1) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.435 : 1 : 0.252
Unit Cell V:
1,818.61 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Comment:
Space group is Pmab
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 12.77 Å | (63) |
| 8.368 Å | (21) |
| 5.529 Å | (15) |
| 5.440 Å | (17) |
| 3.760 Å | (15) |
| 3.180 Å | (22) |
| 2.767 Å | (100) |
| 2.718 Å | (13) |
Reference:
Grey, Ian E., Keck, Erich, Kampf, Anthony R., Cashion, John D., MacRae, Colin M., Glenn, Alexander M., Gozukara, Yesim (2019) Schmidite and wildenauerite, two new schoonerite-group minerals from the Hagendorf-Süd pegmatite, Oberpfalz, Bavaria. Mineralogical Magazine, 83 (2) 181-190 doi:10.1180/mgm.2018.123
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 22 : Hydration and low-? subsurface aqueous alteration (see also #23) | |
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates] |
Type Occurrence of Wildenauerite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Bands of compacted platelets which form terminations of radial Zn-bearing rockbridgeite.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Mineralogical collections of the Museum Victoria, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia, registration number M53979
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Zoned granitic phosphate pegmatite.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Grey, Ian E., Keck, Erich, Kampf, Anthony R., Cashion, John D., MacRae, Colin M., Glenn, Alexander M., Gozukara, Yesim (2019) Schmidite and wildenauerite, two new schoonerite-group minerals from the Hagendorf-Süd pegmatite, Oberpfalz, Bavaria. Mineralogical Magazine, 83 (2) 181-190 doi:10.1180/mgm.2018.123
Synonyms of Wildenauerite
Other Language Names for Wildenauerite
Dutch:Wildenaueriet
German:Wildenauerit
Relationship of Wildenauerite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Schoonerite Group:
| Schmidite | [Zn2(Fe3+,Mn2+)2Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)3(H2O)6] · 2H2O | Orth. |
| Schoonerite | ZnMn2+Fe2+2Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)2 · 9H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbam |
| Wilhelmgümbelite | ZnFe2+Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)4(H2O)5 · 2H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 2 photos of Wildenauerite associated with Rockbridgeite | (Fe2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)5 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.DB. | Arangasite | Al2F(PO4)(SO4) · 9H2O |
| 8.DB. | Höslite | Fe3+3(VO4)2(SO4)(OH)(H2O)4 · 3H2O |
| 8.DB. | Camaronesite | [Fe3+(H2O)2(PO3OH)]2(SO4) · 1-2H2O |
| 8.DB.05 | Destinezite | Fe3+2(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 6H2O |
| 8.DB.05 | Pitticite | (Fe, AsO4, H2O) (?) |
| 8.DB.05 | Diadochite | Fe3+2(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 6H2O |
| 8.DB.07 | Wilhelmgümbelite | ZnFe2+Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)4(H2O)5 · 2H2O |
| 8.DB.07 | Schmidite | [Zn2(Fe3+,Mn2+)2Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)3(H2O)6] · 2H2O |
| 8.DB.10 | Vashegyite | Al11(PO4)9(OH)6 · 38H2O |
| 8.DB.15 | Schoonerite | ZnMn2+Fe2+2Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)2 · 9H2O |
| 8.DB.20 | Sinkankasite | Mn2+Al(PO3OH)2(OH) · 6H2O |
| 8.DB.25 | Mitryaevaite | Al6(PO4)((P,S)O3(OH,O))2F2(OH)2 · 14.5H2O |
| 8.DB.30 | Sanjuanite | Al2(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 9H2O |
| 8.DB.35 | Sarmientite | Fe3+2(AsO4)(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O |
| 8.DB.40 | Bukovskýite | Fe3+2(AsO4)(SO4)(OH) · 9H2O |
| 8.DB.40 | Manganflurlite | ZnMn2+3Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)2(H2O)7 · 2H2O |
| 8.DB.40 | Flurlite | Zn3Mn2+Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)2 · 9H2O |
| 8.DB.42 | Bohuslavite | Fe3+4(PO4)3(SO4)(OH) · nH2O |
| 8.DB.45 | Zýkaite | Fe3+4(AsO4)3(SO4)(OH) · 15H2O |
| 8.DB.47 | Lapeyreite | Cu3O[AsO3(OH)]2 · 0.75H2O |
| 8.DB.50 | Rossiantonite | Al3(PO4)(SO4)2(OH)2(H2O)14 |
| 8.DB.50 | Giniite | Fe2+Fe3+4(PO4)3(OH)5 · 2H2O |
| 8.DB.52 | 'Arctowskite' | Al9(PO4)8(OH)3 · 27H2O |
| 8.DB.55 | Sasaite | (Al,Fe3+)14(PO4)11(SO4)(OH)7 · 83H2O |
| 8.DB.60 | Mcauslanite | Fe3Al2(PO4)3(PO3OH)F · 18H2O |
| 8.DB.65 | Goldquarryite | CuCd2Al3(PO4)4F2(H2O,F)2 · 10H2O |
| 8.DB.70 | Birchite | Cd2Cu2(PO4)2(SO4) · 5H2O |
| 8.DB.75 | Braithwaiteite | NaCu5(Ti4+Sb5+)(AsO4)4(HAsO4)2O2 · 8H2O |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Wildenauerite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-52168.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
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References for Wildenauerite
Reference List:
Hålenius, U., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2017) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2017, CNMNC Newsletter No 39. Mineralogical Magazine, 81 (5) 1279-1286 doi:10.1180/minmag.2017.081.072
Grey, Ian E., Keck, Erich, Kampf, Anthony R., Cashion, John D., MacRae, Colin M., Glenn, Alexander M., Gozukara, Yesim (2019) Schmidite and wildenauerite, two new schoonerite-group minerals from the Hagendorf-Süd pegmatite, Oberpfalz, Bavaria. Mineralogical Magazine, 83 (2) 181-190 doi:10.1180/mgm.2018.123
Localities for Wildenauerite
Showing 1 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Germany (TL) | |
| Grey et al. (2019) |
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Hagendorf South Pegmatite, Hagendorf, Waidhaus, Neustadt an der Waldnaab District, Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, Germany