Okanoganite-(Y)
A valid IMA mineral species
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
About Okanoganite-(Y)
Formula:
(Na,Ca)3(Y,Ce)12Si6B2O27F14
Colour:
Tan to pale pink
Hardness:
4
Specific Gravity:
4.31 - 4.37
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Member of:
Name:
After the type locality at Washington Pass, Okanogan Co., Washington, USA. The name is pronounced oh-ka-NOG-an-ite.
A rare-earth borofluorosilicate first described by Boggs (1980) from the peralkaline arfvedsonite granite from the Golden Horn batholith near Washington Pass, Okanogan County, U.S.A. The crystal structure was established by Boiocchi (2004).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2966
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2966:3
IMA Classification of Okanoganite-(Y)
Approved
IMA Formula:
(Y,REE,Ca,Na,Th4+)16(Fe3+,Ti4+)(Si,B,P)10(O,OH)38F10
Approval year:
1979
First published:
1980
Classification of Okanoganite-(Y)
9.AJ.35
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
J : Nesosilicates with BO3 triangles and/or B[4], Be[4] tetrahedra, cornersharing with SiO4
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
J : Nesosilicates with BO3 triangles and/or B[4], Be[4] tetrahedra, cornersharing with SiO4
54.2.4.3
54 : NESOSILICATES Borosilicates and Some Beryllosilicates
2 : Borosilicates and Some Beryllosilicates with B in [4] coordination
54 : NESOSILICATES Borosilicates and Some Beryllosilicates
2 : Borosilicates and Some Beryllosilicates with B in [4] coordination
17.5.21
17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
5 : Borosilicates
17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
5 : Borosilicates
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Oka-Y | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Okanoganite-(Y)
Colour:
Tan to pale pink
Comment:
Colourless in thin fragments.
Streak:
White
Hardness:
4 on Mohs scale
Comment:
The surface may have altered to a softer material
Density:
4.31 - 4.37 g/cm3 (Measured) 4.37 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Okanoganite-(Y)
Type:
Uniaxial (-)
RI values:
nω = 1.753 nε = 1.74
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.013
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized uniaxial interference figure - the conoscopic
(convergent-light, Bertrand-lens-in) view, for a grain cut with the optic axis
centred and vertical. The coloured rings are isochromatics, computed with the
same physics as the Michel-Lévy bar above; the dark cross is the isogyre.
For a genuinely uniaxial mineral viewed this way, that cross stays perfectly stationary if you rotate the stage - unlike a biaxial mineral, where it splits apart on rotation. That invariance is itself the standard diagnostic test for telling uniaxial and biaxial minerals apart at the microscope.
For a genuinely uniaxial mineral viewed this way, that cross stays perfectly stationary if you rotate the stage - unlike a biaxial mineral, where it splits apart on rotation. That invariance is itself the standard diagnostic test for telling uniaxial and biaxial minerals apart at the microscope.
Comments:
Shows no dichroism
Chemistry of Okanoganite-(Y)
Mindat Formula:
(Na,Ca)3(Y,Ce)12Si6B2O27F14
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Okanoganite-(Y)
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Class (H-M):
3m - Ditrigonal Pyramidal
Space Group:
R3m
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.7108(5) Å, c = 27.0398(11) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 2.525
Unit Cell V:
2,686.44 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
3
Morphology:
As pseudotetrahedral fourlings with twin plane {01-14}. Forms observed: c{0001} and s{10-4}.
Twinning:
Common at TL as fourlings twinned on the composition plane
{01-14} with the c face of each individual forming the faces of the pseudotetrahedra.
{01-14} with the c face of each individual forming the faces of the pseudotetrahedra.
Comment:
Crystal system and cell parameters from Boiocchi (2004)
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0003650 | Okanoganite-(Y) | Boiocchi M, Callegari A, Ottolini L, Maras A (2004) The chemistry and crystal structure of okanoganite-(Y) and comparison with vicanite-(Ce) American Mineralogist 89 1540-1545 |  | 2004 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
Epitaxial Relationships of Okanoganite-(Y)
Epitaxial Minerals:
| 'Arfvedsonite' | NaNa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 'Microcline' | K(AlSi3O8) |
| 'Zektzerite' | LiNaZrSi6O15 |
| 'Zircon' | Zr(SiO4) |
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 4.38 Å | (41) |
| 3.11 Å | (48) |
| 2.970 Å | (100) |
| 2.939 Å | (95) |
| 2.926 Å | (50) |
| 2.676 Å | (32) |
| 1.978 Å | (35) |
| 1.822 Å | (32) |
| 1.784 Å | (43) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 4a: Earth’s earliest continental crust | >4.4-3.0 |
| 19 : Granitic intrusive rocks | |
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 31 : Thermally altered carbonate, phosphate, and iron formations | |
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks |
Type Occurrence of Okanoganite-(Y)
General Appearance of Type Material:
As crystals up to 4 mm across. Both as isolated fourlings or as intergrown clusters.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
In the mineral collection at the Universityof California, Santa Barbara (specimens #UCSB 8256 and 8257)
Geological Setting of Type Material:
In miarolitic cavities in an alkaline arfvedsonite granite
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Okanoganite-(Y)
Other Language Names for Okanoganite-(Y)
Relationship of Okanoganite-(Y) to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Vicanite Group:
| Arrheniusite-(Ce) | CaMg[(Ce7Y3)Ca5](SiO4)4(Si2B3AsO18)(BO3)F11 | Trig. 3m : R3m |
| Hundholmenite-(Y) | (Y,REE,Ca,Na)15(Al,Fe3+)(CaxAs3+1-x)(Si,As5+)Si6B3(O,F)48 | Trig. 3m : R3m |
| Laptevite-(Ce) | Ca6(Fe2+,Mn2+)Y3REE7(SiO4)3(PO4)(B3Si3O18)(BO3)F11 | Trig. 3m : R3m |
| Proshchenkoite-(Y) | Ca(Y,REE,Ca,Na,Mn)15Fe2+(P,Si)Si6B3O34F14 | Trig. 3m : R3m |
| Vicanite-(Ce) | (Ca,Ce,La,Th)15As5+(As3+0.5,Na0.5)Fe3+Si6B4O40F7 | Trig. 3m : R3m |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 15 photos of Okanoganite-(Y) associated with Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| 15 photos of Okanoganite-(Y) associated with Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| 9 photos of Okanoganite-(Y) associated with Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| 6 photos of Okanoganite-(Y) associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 6 photos of Okanoganite-(Y) associated with Fluorite | CaF2 |
| 2 photos of Okanoganite-(Y) associated with Zektzerite | LiNaZrSi6O15 |
| 2 photos of Okanoganite-(Y) associated with Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| 2 photos of Okanoganite-(Y) associated with Arfvedsonite | NaNa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 1 photo of Okanoganite-(Y) associated with Chamosite | Fe2+5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| 1 photo of Okanoganite-(Y) associated with Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.AJ. | Hingganite-(Nd) | Nd2◻Be2Si2O8(OH)2 |
| 9.AJ. | Arrheniusite-(Ce) | CaMg[(Ce7Y3)Ca5](SiO4)4(Si2B3AsO18)(BO3)F11 |
| 9.AJ.05 | Ominelite | (Fe2+,Mg)(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)(BO3)O2 |
| 9.AJ.05 | Grandidierite | (Mg,Fe2+)(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)(BO3)O2 |
| 9.AJ.10 | Dumortierite | Al(Al2O)(Al2O)2(SiO4)3(BO3) |
| 9.AJ.10 | Nioboholtite | (Nb0.6◻0.4)Al6BSi3O18 |
| 9.AJ.10 | Titanoholtite | (Ti0.75◻0.25)Al6BSi3O18 |
| 9.AJ.10 | Holtite | (Ta0.6◻0.4)Al6BSi3O18(O,OH)2.25 |
| 9.AJ.10 | Magnesiodumortierite | Mg(Al2OH)(Al2O)2(SiO4)3(BO3) |
| 9.AJ.15 | Garrelsite | Ba3NaSi2B7O16(OH)4 |
| 9.AJ.20 | 'Muromontite' | near Be2FeY2Si3O12 |
| 9.AJ.20 | Gadolinite-(Nd) | Nd2Fe2+Be2O2(SiO4)2 |
| 9.AJ.20 | Datolite | CaB(SiO4)(OH) |
| 9.AJ.20 | Melanocerite-(Ce) | (Ce,Ca)5(SiO4,BO4)3(OH,O) |
| 9.AJ.20 | Gadolinite-(Ce) | (Ce,La,Nd,Y)2Fe2+Be2Si2O10 |
| 9.AJ.20 | Gadolinite-(Y) | Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10 |
| 9.AJ.20 | 'Unnamed (OH-analogue of Gadolinite-(Y))' | (Y,Ca)2(Fe,◻)Be2Si2O8(OH,O)2 |
| 9.AJ.20 | Hingganite-(Ce) | (Ce,REE)2(◻,Fe2+)Be2[SiO4]2(OH)2 |
| 9.AJ.20 | Hingganite-(Y) | (Y,REE,Ca)2(◻,Fe2+)Be2[SiO4]2(OH)2 |
| 9.AJ.20 | Hingganite-(Yb) | (Yb,Y,REE)2◻Be2[SiO4]2(OH)2 |
| 9.AJ.20 | Homilite | Ca2(Fe2+,Mg)B2Si2O10 |
| 9.AJ.20 | 'Minasgeraisite-(Y)' | (Ca2Y2)◻2(Be2B2)[SiO4]4(OH)4 |
| 9.AJ.20 | Calcybeborosilite-(Y) | (Y,Ca)2(◻,Fe2+)(B,Be)2[SiO4]2(OH,O)2 |
| 9.AJ.25 | Stillwellite-(La) | LaBSiO5 |
| 9.AJ.25 | Stillwellite-(Ce) | (Ce,La,Ca)BSiO5 |
| 9.AJ.30 | Cappelenite-(Y) | Ba(Y,Ce)6Si3B6O24F2 |
| 9.AJ.35 | Laptevite-(Ce) | Ca6(Fe2+,Mn2+)Y3REE7(SiO4)3(PO4)(B3Si3O18)(BO3)F11 |
| 9.AJ.35 | Proshchenkoite-(Y) | Ca(Y,REE,Ca,Na,Mn)15Fe2+(P,Si)Si6B3O34F14 |
| 9.AJ.35 | Hundholmenite-(Y) | (Y,REE,Ca,Na)15(Al,Fe3+)(CaxAs3+1-x)(Si,As5+)Si6B3(O,F)48 |
| 9.AJ.35 | Vicanite-(Ce) | (Ca,Ce,La,Th)15As5+(As3+0.5,Na0.5)Fe3+Si6B4O40F7 |
| 9.AJ.40 | Jadarite | LiNaSiB3O7(OH) |
Fluorescence of Okanoganite-(Y)
Does not fluoresce
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Okanoganite-(Y)
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2966.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Okanoganite-(Y)
Reference List:
Boggs, Russell C. (1980) Okanoganite, a new rare-earth borofluorosilicate from the Golden Horn batholith, Okanogan County, Washington. American Mineralogist, 65 (11-12) 1138-1142
Localities for Okanoganite-(Y)
Showing 5 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Norway | |
| Raade (1993) |
| Larsen (1990) +1 other reference |
Portugal | |
| Samples collected by Luigi Chiappino ... +1 other reference |
USA | |
| Markus B. Raschke et al. (2016) |
| p. 1138-1142 +4 other references |
Quick NavTopAbout Okanoganite-(Y)Unique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureEpitaxial Relationships X-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesRelationshipsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatFluorescence Other InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Washington Pass, Golden Horn Batholith, Okanogan County, Washington, USA