Clogau St Davids Mine (Clogau Mine; St David's Mine), Llanelltyd, Gwynedd, Wales, UKi
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Clogau St Davids Mine (Clogau Mine; St David's Mine) | Mine |
| Llanelltyd | Community |
| Gwynedd | County |
| Wales | Country |
| UK | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
52° 45' 42'' North , 3° 58' 5'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
UK National Grid Reference:
SH672201
Type:
Köppen climate type:
Nearest Settlements:
| Place | Population | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| Dolgellau | 2,688 (2017) | 5.9km |
| Dyffryn Ardudwy | 1,654 (2012) | 6.7km |
| Barmouth | 2,315 (2017) | 7.3km |
| Tal-y-bont | 1,540 (2017) | 8.5km |
| Fairbourne | 721 (2017) | 9.3km |
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Merionethshire
Clogau mountain is traversed by 6 lodes, much the richest being the St David's lode, the origin of over half of the area's gold.
Clogau was originally a copper mine. Its workings include Old Clogau Mine (SH678198), a copper mine which finished in 1860. St David's or No. 1 Mine (SH676202), which was the location of the 1861-62 gold strike known as Parry's Bunch and which was the catalyst for the area's subsequent gold rush. Also Clogau or No. 2 Mine (SH673201), eventually the largest of the Clogau mines. Both of the latter mines worked the St David's lode and were later connected via Level Fawr or Ty'n y Cornel Adit, the Main Crosscut, with its mouth at SH672201.
A further mine, West Clogau Mine (SH668195) was opened on St David's lode in 1862 but was unproductive and was abandoned in 1865. This is the location of the Llechfraith Adit, a deep adit driven to below the Clogau Mine between 1899 - 1906. No useful ore was found in driving the adit.
Clogau Mine was much the richest and most extensive of all the Dolgellau gold-belt mines and was, on occasions, worked jointly with the nearby Vigra Mine. Although the main phase of mining ended in 1911, the mine has operated intermittently and on a much smaller scale to the present day. In recent times both the Clogau and Gwynfynydd mines have been exploited by companies taking advantage of the high premium payable for Welsh gold in the jewellery market. It last closed in 1998.
The officially recorded output between 1862 and 1911 was 165,031 tonnes of gold ore from which 78,507 ounces of gold was extracted.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsCommodity List
This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.Mineral List
34 valid minerals. 1 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals.
Detailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Aleksite Formula: PbBi2Te2S2 |
| ⓘ Altaite Formula: PbTe |
| ⓘ Ankerite ? Formula: Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ Arsenopyrite Formula: FeAsS |
| ⓘ Baryte Formula: BaSO4 |
| ⓘ Bismuthinite Formula: Bi2S3 |
| ⓘ Boulangerite Formula: Pb5Sb4S11 |
| ⓘ Bournonite Formula: PbCuSbS3 |
| ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 |
| ⓘ Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 References: |
| ⓘ 'Chlorite Group' |
| ⓘ Clogauite (TL) Formula: PbBi4Te4S3 Type Locality: |
| ⓘ 'Clogauite-12H' Formula: PbBi4Te4S3 |
| ⓘ 'Clogauite-24H' Formula: PbBi4Te4S3 |
| ⓘ 'Clogauite-36H' Formula: PbBi4Te4S3 |
| ⓘ Cobaltite Formula: CoAsS |
| ⓘ Covellite Formula: CuS |
| ⓘ Dolomite Formula: CaMg(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ Erythrite Formula: Co3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| ⓘ Galena Formula: PbS References: |
| ⓘ Hedleyite Formula: Bi7Te3 Description: Hedleyite occurs as tiny inclusions in galena on a specimen (K3) in the Kingsbury Collection held at the Natural History Museum, London (Naden, 1988). This, the Uk's first occurrence, is the only known specimen from Clogau Mine. No other examples have come to light despite extensive studies (National Museum of Wales database).
Whilst confirmed analytically, the occurrence should be treated with caution due Kingsbury's known creative specimen provenancing practices (Ryback et al., 1998). |
| ⓘ Hessite Formula: Ag2Te |
| ⓘ 'Limonite' |
| ⓘ Matildite Formula: AgBiS2 |
| ⓘ Molybdenite Formula: MoS2 |
| ⓘ Nagyágite ? Formula: [Pb3(Pb,Sb)3S6](Au,Te)3 |
| ⓘ Native Bismuth Formula: Bi |
| ⓘ Native Copper Formula: Cu |
| ⓘ Native Gold Formula: Au |
| ⓘ Pentlandite Formula: (NixFey)Σ9S8 |
| ⓘ Pilsenite Formula: Bi4Te3 |
| ⓘ Pyrite Formula: FeS2 |
| ⓘ Pyrrhotite Formula: Fe1-xS |
| ⓘ Quartz Formula: SiO2 |
| ⓘ Scorodite Formula: Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ Siderite Formula: FeCO3 |
| ⓘ Sphalerite Formula: ZnS |
| ⓘ Tellurobismuthite Formula: Bi2Te3 References: Kingsbury, A.W.G. (1965) Tellurbismuth and meneghinite, two minerals new to Britain. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 35 (270) 424-426 doi:10.1180/minmag.1965.035.270.19 |
| ⓘ Tetradymite Formula: Bi2Te2S Description: Bevins (1988): "Reported as occurring at Clogau St. David's Mine, Dolgellau, Gwynedd. This was later thought to be tellurbismuth (Kingsbury, 1965). However, subsequent analysis has shown that both tellurbismuth and tetradymite occur at Clogau Mine, Gwynedd, the latter occurring in intimate association with tellurbismuth. (J.W.G. Gilbey (1968) unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of London.) Electron microprobe analyses show that tetradymite from Clogau St. David's Mine consistently contains 8 wt. % Pb. [J. Naden (1986) pers. comm.)" |
| ⓘ 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup' Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S |
| ⓘ 'Wehrlite (of Huot)' |
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Native Copper | 1.AA.05 | Cu |
| ⓘ | Native Gold | 1.AA.05 | Au |
| ⓘ | Native Bismuth | 1.CA.05 | Bi |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| ⓘ | Hessite | 2.BA.60 | Ag2Te |
| ⓘ | Pentlandite | 2.BB.15 | (NixFey)Σ9S8 |
| ⓘ | Covellite | 2.CA.05a | CuS |
| ⓘ | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| ⓘ | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ | Pyrrhotite | 2.CC.10 | Fe1-xS |
| ⓘ | Altaite | 2.CD.10 | PbTe |
| ⓘ | Galena | 2.CD.10 | PbS |
| ⓘ | Bismuthinite | 2.DB.05 | Bi2S3 |
| ⓘ | Hedleyite | 2.DC.05 | Bi7Te3 |
| ⓘ | Pilsenite | 2.DC.05 | Bi4Te3 |
| ⓘ | Tellurobismuthite | 2.DC.05 | Bi2Te3 |
| ⓘ | Tetradymite | 2.DC.05 | Bi2Te2S |
| ⓘ | Molybdenite | 2.EA.30 | MoS2 |
| ⓘ | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| ⓘ | Arsenopyrite | 2.EB.20 | FeAsS |
| ⓘ | Cobaltite | 2.EB.25 | CoAsS |
| ⓘ | Bournonite | 2.GA.50 | PbCuSbS3 |
| ⓘ | 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup' | 2.GB.05 | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S |
| ⓘ | Clogauite (TL) | 2.GC.40 | PbBi4Te4S3 |
| ⓘ | Aleksite | 2.GC.40a | PbBi2Te2S2 |
| ⓘ | Nagyágite ? | 2.HB.20a | [Pb3(Pb,Sb)3S6](Au,Te)3 |
| ⓘ | Boulangerite | 2.HC.15 | Pb5Sb4S11 |
| ⓘ | Matildite | 2.JA.20 | AgBiS2 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Siderite | 5.AB.05 | FeCO3 |
| ⓘ | Ankerite ? | 5.AB.10 | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ | Dolomite | 5.AB.10 | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Baryte | 7.AD.35 | BaSO4 |
| Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
| ⓘ | Scorodite | 8.CD.10 | Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Erythrite | 8.CE.40 | Co3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| Unclassified | |||
| ⓘ | 'Chlorite Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Limonite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Wehrlite (of Huot)' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Clogauite-24H' | - | PbBi4Te4S3 |
| ⓘ | 'Clogauite-36H' | - | PbBi4Te4S3 |
| ⓘ | 'Clogauite-12H' | - | PbBi4Te4S3 |
List of minerals for each chemical element
Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality
British and Irish IslesGroup of Islands
Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate
- AvaloniaVolcanic Arc
EuropeContinent
UK
- Wales
- Cambrian MountainsMountain Range
- Gwynedd
- Snowdonia National ParkNational Park
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References
Kingsbury, A.W.G. (1965) Tellurbismuth and meneghinite, two minerals new to Britain. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 35 (270) 424-426 doi:10.1180/minmag.1965.035.270.19
Cook, N. J.; Ciobanu, C. L.; Stanley, C. J.; Paar, W. H.; Sundblad, K. (2007) Compositional data for Bi–Pb tellurosulfides. The Canadian Mineralogist, 45 (3). 417-435 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.45.3.417
Clogau St Davids Mine, Llanelltyd, Gwynedd, Wales, UK