Miller, D., & Loucks, R. R. (1991). Platinum-group Element Mineralization in the Jijal Layered Ultramafic-mafic Complex, Pakistani Himalayas. Economic Geology, 86:1093-1102.

ⓘ Baryte

Formula: BaSO₄

Locality: Kohala deposit, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Ali, S., Iqbal, Y., & Ubic, R. (2011) Phase and Microstructural Characterization of Hazara Barite, Pakistan. JPMS Conference Issue Materials 2011

ⓘ Bornite

Formula: Cu₅FeS₄

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Miller, D., & Loucks, R. R. (1991). Platinum-group Element Mineralization in the Jijal Layered Ultramafic-mafic Complex, Pakistani Himalayas. Economic Geology, 86:1093-1102.

ⓘ Chalcopyrite

Formula: CuFeS₂

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Miller, D., & Loucks, R. R. (1991). Platinum-group Element Mineralization in the Jijal Layered Ultramafic-mafic Complex, Pakistani Himalayas. Economic Geology, 86:1093-1102.

ⓘ Chromite

Formula: Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂O₄

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Miller, D., & Loucks, R. R. (1991). Platinum-group Element Mineralization in the Jijal Layered Ultramafic-mafic Complex, Pakistani Himalayas. Economic Geology, 86:1093-1102.

Farhan, Muhammad; Li, Chun-Feng; Li, Nuo; Arif, Mohammad; Ullah, Zaheen; Zafar, Tehseen; Madayipu, Nuerkanati; Hussain, Zahid; Turab, Syed Ali; Siddique, Uzair (2026) How do intra-oceanic arcs recycle ancient continental crust? Insights from Archean–Mesozoic zircons of the Kohistan arc. Geoscience Frontiers, 17 (5). p.102382. doi:10.1016/j.gsf.2026.102382

ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Miller, D., & Loucks, R. R. (1991). Platinum-group Element Mineralization in the Jijal Layered Ultramafic-mafic Complex, Pakistani Himalayas. Economic Geology, 86:1093-1102.

ⓘ Cubanite

Formula: CuFe₂S₃

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Miller, D., & Loucks, R. R. (1991). Platinum-group Element Mineralization in the Jijal Layered Ultramafic-mafic Complex, Pakistani Himalayas. Economic Geology, 86:1093-1102.

ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Miller, D., & Loucks, R. R. (1991). Platinum-group Element Mineralization in the Jijal Layered Ultramafic-mafic Complex, Pakistani Himalayas. Economic Geology, 86:1093-1102.

ⓘ 'Garnet Group'

Formula: X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Miller, D., & Loucks, R. R. (1991). Platinum-group Element Mineralization in the Jijal Layered Ultramafic-mafic Complex, Pakistani Himalayas. Economic Geology, 86:1093-1102.

ⓘ Hessite

Formula: Ag₂Te

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Miller, D., & Loucks, R. R. (1991). Platinum-group Element Mineralization in the Jijal Layered Ultramafic-mafic Complex, Pakistani Himalayas. Economic Geology, 86:1093-1102.

ⓘ 'Hornblende Root Name Group'

Formula: ◻Ca₂(C²⁺₄C³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)W₂

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

ⓘ Ilmenite

Formula: Fe²⁺TiO₃

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Miller, D., & Loucks, R. R. (1991). Platinum-group Element Mineralization in the Jijal Layered Ultramafic-mafic Complex, Pakistani Himalayas. Economic Geology, 86:1093-1102.

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Miller, D., & Loucks, R. R. (1991). Platinum-group Element Mineralization in the Jijal Layered Ultramafic-mafic Complex, Pakistani Himalayas. Economic Geology, 86:1093-1102.

ⓘ Marcasite

Formula: FeS₂

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Miller, D., & Loucks, R. R. (1991). Platinum-group Element Mineralization in the Jijal Layered Ultramafic-mafic Complex, Pakistani Himalayas. Economic Geology, 86:1093-1102.

ⓘ Marialite

Formula: Na₄Al₃Si₉O₂₄Cl

References:

Carnegie Museum of Natural History analysisIdentified by Chris Emproto: SEM-EDS

ⓘ Melonite

Formula: NiTe₂

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Miller, D., & Loucks, R. R. (1991). Platinum-group Element Mineralization in the Jijal Layered Ultramafic-mafic Complex, Pakistani Himalayas. Economic Geology, 86:1093-1102.

ⓘ Merenskyite

Formula: PdTe₂

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Kausar, A. B. (1998). Platinum Group Elements (PGE) and Platinum Group MineraIs (PGM) Distribution and petrological evolution of southern Kohistan Arc, Northern Pakistan (Doctoral dissertation, Université Joseph-Fourier-Grenoble I).

ⓘ Millerite

Formula: NiS

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Miller, D., & Loucks, R. R. (1991). Platinum-group Element Mineralization in the Jijal Layered Ultramafic-mafic Complex, Pakistani Himalayas. Economic Geology, 86:1093-1102.

ⓘ Moncheite

Formula: Pt(Te,Bi)₂

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

ⓘ Native Gold

Formula: Au

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Miller, D., & Loucks, R. R. (1991). Platinum-group Element Mineralization in the Jijal Layered Ultramafic-mafic Complex, Pakistani Himalayas. Economic Geology, 86:1093-1102.

ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum

Formula: (Au,Ag)

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Miller, D., & Loucks, R. R. (1991). Platinum-group Element Mineralization in the Jijal Layered Ultramafic-mafic Complex, Pakistani Himalayas. Economic Geology, 86:1093-1102.

ⓘ 'Olivine Group'

Formula: M₂SiO₄

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

ⓘ Pentlandite

Formula: (Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Miller, D., & Loucks, R. R. (1991). Platinum-group Element Mineralization in the Jijal Layered Ultramafic-mafic Complex, Pakistani Himalayas. Economic Geology, 86:1093-1102.

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Miller, D., & Loucks, R. R. (1991). Platinum-group Element Mineralization in the Jijal Layered Ultramafic-mafic Complex, Pakistani Himalayas. Economic Geology, 86:1093-1102.

ⓘ Pyrrhotite

Formula: Fe_1-xS

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Miller, D., & Loucks, R. R. (1991). Platinum-group Element Mineralization in the Jijal Layered Ultramafic-mafic Complex, Pakistani Himalayas. Economic Geology, 86:1093-1102.

ⓘ 'Scapolite'

References:

ContMinPet 140:511-531

ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup'

Formula: D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

ⓘ Sperrylite

Formula: PtAs₂

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Miller, D., & Loucks, R. R. (1991). Platinum-group Element Mineralization in the Jijal Layered Ultramafic-mafic Complex, Pakistani Himalayas. Economic Geology, 86:1093-1102.

ⓘ Temagamite

Formula: Pd₃HgTe₃

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

ⓘ Tetra-auricupride

Formula: AuCu

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Miller, D., & Loucks, R. R. (1991). Platinum-group Element Mineralization in the Jijal Layered Ultramafic-mafic Complex, Pakistani Himalayas. Economic Geology, 86:1093-1102.

ⓘ Violarite

Formula: Fe²⁺Ni³⁺₂S₄

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

Miller, D., & Loucks, R. R. (1991). Platinum-group Element Mineralization in the Jijal Layered Ultramafic-mafic Complex, Pakistani Himalayas. Economic Geology, 86:1093-1102.

ⓘ Zircon

Formula: Zr(SiO₄)

Locality: Jijal complex, Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

References:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘ	Native Gold var. Electrum	1.AA.05	(Au,Ag)
ⓘ		1.AA.05	Au
ⓘ	Tetra-auricupride	1.AA.10b	AuCu
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Atheneite	2.AC.05a	Pd₂As_0.75Hg_0.25
ⓘ	Bornite	2.BA.15	Cu₅FeS₄
ⓘ	Hessite	2.BA.60	Ag₂Te
ⓘ	Pentlandite	2.BB.15	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
ⓘ	Temagamite	2.BC.50	Pd₃HgTe₃
ⓘ	Chalcopyrite	2.CB.10a	CuFeS₂
ⓘ	Cubanite	2.CB.55a	CuFe₂S₃
ⓘ	Pyrrhotite	2.CC.10	Fe_1-xS
ⓘ	Millerite	2.CC.20	NiS
ⓘ	Violarite	2.DA.05	Fe²⁺Ni³⁺₂S₄
ⓘ	Melonite	2.EA.20	NiTe₂
ⓘ	Merenskyite	2.EA.20	PdTe₂
ⓘ	Moncheite	2.EA.20	Pt(Te,Bi)₂
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Sperrylite	2.EB.05a	PtAs₂
ⓘ	Marcasite	2.EB.10a	FeS₂
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Chromite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Ilmenite	4.CB.05	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Baryte	7.AD.35	BaSO₄
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Zircon	9.AD.30	Zr(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Marialite	9.FB.15	Na₄Al₃Si₉O₂₄Cl
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'	-
ⓘ	'Andradite-Grossular Series'	-
ⓘ	'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'	-
ⓘ	'Scapolite'	-
ⓘ	'Hornblende Root Name Group'	-	◻Ca₂(C²⁺₄C³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)W₂
ⓘ	'Garnet Group'	-	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	'Serpentine Subgroup'	-	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
ⓘ	'Olivine Group'	-	M₂SiO₄

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
O	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Marialite	Na₄Al₃Si₉O₂₄Cl
O	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Andradite-Grossular Series
O	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
O	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(C₄²⁺C³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)W₂
O	ⓘ Garnet Group	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
O	ⓘ Olivine Group	M₂SiO₄
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Marialite	Na₄Al₃Si₉O₂₄Cl
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Marialite	Na₄Al₃Si₉O₂₄Cl
Al	ⓘ Andradite-Grossular Series
Al	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(C₄²⁺C³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)W₂
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Marialite	Na₄Al₃Si₉O₂₄Cl
Si	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Andradite-Grossular Series
Si	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Si	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(C₄²⁺C³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)W₂
Si	ⓘ Garnet Group	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
Si	ⓘ Olivine Group	M₂SiO₄
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
S	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
S	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
S	ⓘ Cubanite	CuFe₂S₃
S	ⓘ Marcasite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Millerite	NiS
S	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
S	ⓘ Violarite	Fe²⁺Ni₂³⁺S₄
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Marialite	Na₄Al₃Si₉O₂₄Cl
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Andradite-Grossular Series
Ca	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(C₄²⁺C³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)W₂
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Cr	Chromium
Cr	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
Fe	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Cubanite	CuFe₂S₃
Fe	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Marcasite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
Fe	ⓘ Violarite	Fe²⁺Ni₂³⁺S₄
Fe	ⓘ Andradite-Grossular Series
Fe	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Ni	Nickel
Ni	ⓘ Melonite	NiTe₂
Ni	ⓘ Millerite	NiS
Ni	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
Ni	ⓘ Violarite	Fe²⁺Ni₂³⁺S₄
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
Cu	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Cu	ⓘ Cubanite	CuFe₂S₃
Cu	ⓘ Tetra-auricupride	AuCu
As	Arsenic
As	ⓘ Atheneite	Pd₂As_0.75Hg_0.25
As	ⓘ Sperrylite	PtAs₂
Zr	Zirconium
Zr	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Pd	Palladium
Pd	ⓘ Atheneite	Pd₂As_0.75Hg_0.25
Pd	ⓘ Merenskyite	PdTe₂
Pd	ⓘ Temagamite	Pd₃HgTe₃
Ag	Silver
Ag	ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum	(Au,Ag)
Ag	ⓘ Hessite	Ag₂Te
Te	Tellurium
Te	ⓘ Hessite	Ag₂Te
Te	ⓘ Melonite	NiTe₂
Te	ⓘ Merenskyite	PdTe₂
Te	ⓘ Moncheite	Pt(Te,Bi)₂
Te	ⓘ Temagamite	Pd₃HgTe₃
Ba	Barium
Ba	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
Pt	Platinum
Pt	ⓘ Moncheite	Pt(Te,Bi)₂
Pt	ⓘ Sperrylite	PtAs₂
Au	Gold
Au	ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum	(Au,Ag)
Au	ⓘ Native Gold	Au
Au	ⓘ Tetra-auricupride	AuCu
Hg	Mercury
Hg	ⓘ Atheneite	Pd₂As_0.75Hg_0.25
Hg	ⓘ Temagamite	Pd₃HgTe₃
Bi	Bismuth
Bi	ⓘ Moncheite	Pt(Te,Bi)₂

Fossils

There are 4 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.

These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.

Occurrences

Youngest Fossil Listed

16.0 Ma (Miocene)

Oldest Fossil Listed

23.0 Ma (Miocene)

Stratigraphic Units

Unit	No. Occurrences	Age
Gaj	4	15.97 - 13.82 Ma (Miocene)

Fossils from Region

Click here to show the list.

Accepted Name	Hierarchy	Age
Protoma genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : *Protoma*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Clava (Clava) erecta species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Cerithiidae : Rhinoclavis : *Clava (Clava) erecta*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Turritella pseudobandongensis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : *Turritella pseudobandongensis*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Chlamys scabrellus species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : *Chlamys scabrellus*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene

Fossil Localities

Click to show 1 fossil locality

Pakistan

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province
- Hazara Region
  - Miocene🐚 Gaj beds - Tong

Other Databases

Wikipedia:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Kohistan_District
Wikidata ID:	Q20972958

Localities in this Region

Pakistan

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province
- Upper Kohistan District
  - Jijal complex
  - Kohala deposit

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

AsiaContinent

HimalayasMountain Range
Hindukush Himalayan RegionGroup of Mountain Ranges

Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate

Kohistan ArcVolcanic Arc

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

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Detailed Mineral List:

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List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

List of minerals for each chemical element

Fossils

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Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan i
Regional Level Types
Upper Kohistan District District
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province Province
Pakistan Country