Mine Creek Mine, Ross, Westland District, West Coast Region, New Zealandi

Regional Level Types
Mine Creek Mine	Mine
Ross	Town
Westland District	District
West Coast Region	Region
New Zealand	Country

The historic Mine Creek Mine is next to the said creek, on the southern slopes of Mount Rangitoto, approximately 80 kilometres south of Hokitika. There is no access to the old workings, requiring walking cross country in thick rainforest.

The lode was worked between 1875 to 1904, producing a small quantity of silver, from quartz veins containing pyrite, sphalerite, galena, minor chalcopyrite and electrum. Gangue included calcite and tourmaline. The lode is found in a narrow shear zone in hornfelsed Greenland Group greywacke and argillite. The shear strikes north-east,dipping 20-40 degrees north-west, near the crest of the Mine Creek Anticline, which shows a marked reversal of dip at the workings.

The deposit was discovered by prospectors James Bevan, James Palmer, and Edwin Kenway in 1875. The Mount Rangitoto Silver Mining Company was formed shortly after with £30,000 capital. Mine Manager Frederick Manton was sacked, due it is said to haphazard mining and prospecting, producing lower than expected results. New mine manager, Carl Schonfelter abandoned the original workings, and dug a new tunnel 30 metres below the old in 1877. More development followed, discovering stronger richer veins than the original effort.

A three stamp battery was installed, however it was not suited to the ore. A wrought iron roasting pan was added, with no better results. The deposit also contained significant gold in addition to the silver, however no effort was made to obtain the gold, which was dumped in the tailings. By 1882, more lead was being found than silver, with the company running out of capital. Attempts to raise money in England failed, and mining ceased.

The lease was sold in 1889 to a syndicate of six men, it part shareholders from the original company. Some mining occurred, and various attempts to float a company proved unsuccessful, and the lease was abandoned again in 1907. Over subsequent years there were a number of attempts to raise capital to re-start mining by former shareholders, and their descendants, without success.

The workings are found in an area of hornfelsed pendant epigranular quartz, with pale to dark brown biotite, muscovite flakes, sericite, and rare sillimanite fine fibrous needles, often curved and cross-cutting quartz veinlets, oligoclase, andalusite, cordierite, and microcline. Tourmaline is locally abundant with crystals up to 4 mms long, often coloured zoned with green in the core, and brown margins. Magnetite is also found as disseminated crystals to 0.2 mms. The Rangitoto Granite contains plagioclase, quartz, K-feldspar, biotite, chlorite, rutile as fine needles, zircon, epidote, zoisite, calcite, sericite, andesine, albite, oligoclase.

The large Mine Creek Fault marks the boundary between the Rangitoto Granite, and the hornfelsed pendant roof, being a normal fault, striking north north-east to south south-west, dipping vertically or steeply east, upthrown to the west. The old workings are on splays from this fault, with considerable fracturing of the hornfelsed pendant around the workings.

The quartz veins strike north-east, dipping 10-30 degrees north-west, cutting the bedding and axial plane of the Mine Creek Anticline at a high angle. The veins occur in shears, being splays off the Mine Creek Fault, in crushed Greenland Group metasediments. There is erratic sulphide mineralisation in the veins, ranging from massive pyrite across the majority of the vein to barren quartz. Galena and sphalerite consist about 10-15% volume of the veins, and is considerably less than pyrite. There is minor tourmaline and calcite.

Pyrite is found as cube crystals 2-3 mms , and some pyritohedrons, commonly fractured then healed with quartz. There is also massive, subhedral and euhedral aggregates. Pale yellow electrum consists 50-55% silver, and 45-50% gold, as up to 0.4 mm grains.

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