A former Fe occurrence/mine located at Tahawus, on private land. Discovered in 1826. Owned & operated by N. L. Industries Inc. (1986). Operated during the period 1942 to 1966. In 1848 the titanium content of the ore was recognized.

Mineralization is a magnetite deposit hosted in Neoproterozoic anorthosite. The ore body is lenticular, strikes N30E and dips 45NW at a length of 1,828.8 meters. Controls for ore emplacement included a fault that trends N30E to N60E with an average dip of 65NW. Local rocks include Metanorthosite and anorthositic gneiss.

Workings at the site include surface openings with an area of 39.427 HA, at a length of 914.4 meters, overall depth of 91.44 meters and an overall width of 457.2 meters.

As of 1986, only stockpiles of magnetite were being shipped from Tahawus.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List

16 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

ⓘ Anorthosite

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ 'Andradite-Grossular Series'

References:

GROSS,S.O., 1968, TITANIFEROUS ORES OF THE SANFORD LAKE DISTRICT, NEW YORK, IN ORE DEPOSITS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1933-1967 (GRATON-SALES VOLUME), VOL.1: NEW YORK, A.I.M.E.,INC. P.140-153.

ⓘ Baryte

Formula: BaSO₄

References:

GROSS,S.O., 1968, TITANIFEROUS ORES OF THE SANFORD LAKE DISTRICT, NEW YORK, IN ORE DEPOSITS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1933-1967 (GRATON-SALES VOLUME), VOL.1: NEW YORK, A.I.M.E.,INC. P.140-153.

ⓘ 'Biotite'

Formula: K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂

References:

GROSS,S.O., 1968, TITANIFEROUS ORES OF THE SANFORD LAKE DISTRICT, NEW YORK, IN ORE DEPOSITS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1933-1967 (GRATON-SALES VOLUME), VOL.1: NEW YORK, A.I.M.E.,INC. P.140-153.

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

References:

GROSS,S.O., 1968, TITANIFEROUS ORES OF THE SANFORD LAKE DISTRICT, NEW YORK, IN ORE DEPOSITS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1933-1967 (GRATON-SALES VOLUME), VOL.1: NEW YORK, A.I.M.E.,INC. P.140-153.

ⓘ Chalcopyrite

Formula: CuFeS₂

References:

GROSS,S.O., 1968, TITANIFEROUS ORES OF THE SANFORD LAKE DISTRICT, NEW YORK, IN ORE DEPOSITS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1933-1967 (GRATON-SALES VOLUME), VOL.1: NEW YORK, A.I.M.E.,INC. P.140-153.

ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'

References:

GROSS,S.O., 1968, TITANIFEROUS ORES OF THE SANFORD LAKE DISTRICT, NEW YORK, IN ORE DEPOSITS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1933-1967 (GRATON-SALES VOLUME), VOL.1: NEW YORK, A.I.M.E.,INC. P.140-153.

ⓘ Epidote

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

References:

GROSS,S.O., 1968, TITANIFEROUS ORES OF THE SANFORD LAKE DISTRICT, NEW YORK, IN ORE DEPOSITS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1933-1967 (GRATON-SALES VOLUME), VOL.1: NEW YORK, A.I.M.E.,INC. P.140-153.

ⓘ Fluorapatite

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃F

References:

Dana 6: 767

GROSS,S.O., 1968, TITANIFEROUS ORES OF THE SANFORD LAKE DISTRICT, NEW YORK, IN ORE DEPOSITS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1933-1967 (GRATON-SALES VOLUME), VOL.1: NEW YORK, A.I.M.E.,INC. P.140-153.

Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York.

ⓘ 'Hornblende Root Name Group'

Formula: ◻Ca₂(Z²⁺₄Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂

ⓘ Ilmenite

Formula: Fe²⁺TiO₃

References:

USGS Bull 940D

GROSS,S.O., 1968, TITANIFEROUS ORES OF THE SANFORD LAKE DISTRICT, NEW YORK, IN ORE DEPOSITS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1933-1967 (GRATON-SALES VOLUME), VOL.1: NEW YORK, A.I.M.E.,INC. P.140-153.

ⓘ Lanthanite-(La)

Formula: La₂(CO₃)₃ · 8H₂O

References:

Dana 6: 767

ⓘ 'Leucoxene'

References:

GROSS,S.O., 1968, TITANIFEROUS ORES OF THE SANFORD LAKE DISTRICT, NEW YORK, IN ORE DEPOSITS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1933-1967 (GRATON-SALES VOLUME), VOL.1: NEW YORK, A.I.M.E.,INC. P.140-153.

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

References:

Dana 6: 767

USGS Bull 940D

GROSS,S.O., 1968, TITANIFEROUS ORES OF THE SANFORD LAKE DISTRICT, NEW YORK, IN ORE DEPOSITS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1933-1967 (GRATON-SALES VOLUME), VOL.1: NEW YORK, A.I.M.E.,INC. P.140-153.

ⓘ Molybdenite

Formula: MoS₂

References:

GROSS,S.O., 1968, TITANIFEROUS ORES OF THE SANFORD LAKE DISTRICT, NEW YORK, IN ORE DEPOSITS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1933-1967 (GRATON-SALES VOLUME), VOL.1: NEW YORK, A.I.M.E.,INC. P.140-153.

ⓘ Orthoclase

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

References:

GROSS,S.O., 1968, TITANIFEROUS ORES OF THE SANFORD LAKE DISTRICT, NEW YORK, IN ORE DEPOSITS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1933-1967 (GRATON-SALES VOLUME), VOL.1: NEW YORK, A.I.M.E.,INC. P.140-153.

ⓘ 'Plagioclase'

Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈

References:

GROSS,S.O., 1968, TITANIFEROUS ORES OF THE SANFORD LAKE DISTRICT, NEW YORK, IN ORE DEPOSITS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1933-1967 (GRATON-SALES VOLUME), VOL.1: NEW YORK, A.I.M.E.,INC. P.140-153.

ⓘ Prehnite

Formula: Ca₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂

References:

GROSS,S.O., 1968, TITANIFEROUS ORES OF THE SANFORD LAKE DISTRICT, NEW YORK, IN ORE DEPOSITS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1933-1967 (GRATON-SALES VOLUME), VOL.1: NEW YORK, A.I.M.E.,INC. P.140-153.

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

References:

GROSS,S.O., 1968, TITANIFEROUS ORES OF THE SANFORD LAKE DISTRICT, NEW YORK, IN ORE DEPOSITS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1933-1967 (GRATON-SALES VOLUME), VOL.1: NEW YORK, A.I.M.E.,INC. P.140-153.

ⓘ Pyrrhotite

Formula: Fe_1-xS

References:

GROSS,S.O., 1968, TITANIFEROUS ORES OF THE SANFORD LAKE DISTRICT, NEW YORK, IN ORE DEPOSITS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1933-1967 (GRATON-SALES VOLUME), VOL.1: NEW YORK, A.I.M.E.,INC. P.140-153.

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

References:

GROSS,S.O., 1968, TITANIFEROUS ORES OF THE SANFORD LAKE DISTRICT, NEW YORK, IN ORE DEPOSITS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1933-1967 (GRATON-SALES VOLUME), VOL.1: NEW YORK, A.I.M.E.,INC. P.140-153.

ⓘ 'Scapolite'

References:

GROSS,S.O., 1968, TITANIFEROUS ORES OF THE SANFORD LAKE DISTRICT, NEW YORK, IN ORE DEPOSITS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1933-1967 (GRATON-SALES VOLUME), VOL.1: NEW YORK, A.I.M.E.,INC. P.140-153.

ⓘ Spinel

Formula: MgAl₂O₄

References:

GROSS,S.O., 1968, TITANIFEROUS ORES OF THE SANFORD LAKE DISTRICT, NEW YORK, IN ORE DEPOSITS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1933-1967 (GRATON-SALES VOLUME), VOL.1: NEW YORK, A.I.M.E.,INC. P.140-153.

ⓘ Ulvöspinel

Formula: TiFe²⁺₂O₄

References:

GROSS,S.O., 1968, TITANIFEROUS ORES OF THE SANFORD LAKE DISTRICT, NEW YORK, IN ORE DEPOSITS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1933-1967 (GRATON-SALES VOLUME), VOL.1: NEW YORK, A.I.M.E.,INC. P.140-153.

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Chalcopyrite	2.CB.10a	CuFeS₂
ⓘ	Pyrrhotite	2.CC.10	Fe_1-xS
ⓘ	Molybdenite	2.EA.30	MoS₂
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Spinel	4.BB.05	MgAl₂O₄
ⓘ	Ulvöspinel	4.BB.05	TiFe²⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Ilmenite	4.CB.05	Fe²⁺TiO₃
ⓘ	Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Lanthanite-(La)	5.CC.25	La₂(CO₃)₃ · 8H₂O
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Baryte	7.AD.35	BaSO₄
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘ	Fluorapatite	8.BN.05	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Epidote	9.BG.05a	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Prehnite	9.DP.20	Ca₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂
ⓘ	Orthoclase	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Biotite'	-	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
ⓘ	'Chlorite Group'	-
ⓘ	'Leucoxene'	-
ⓘ	'Andradite-Grossular Series'	-
ⓘ	'Scapolite'	-
ⓘ	'Hornblende Root Name Group'	-	◻Ca₂(Z²⁺₄Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
ⓘ	'Plagioclase'	-	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
H	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Lanthanite-(La)	La₂(CO₃)₃ · 8H₂O
H	ⓘ Prehnite	Ca₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Lanthanite-(La)	La₂(CO₃)₃ · 8H₂O
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
O	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
O	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
O	ⓘ Lanthanite-(La)	La₂(CO₃)₃ · 8H₂O
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Prehnite	Ca₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
O	ⓘ Ulvöspinel	TiFe₂²⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Andradite-Grossular Series
O	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
O	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
F	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
F	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Mg	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Al	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Prehnite	Ca₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
Al	ⓘ Andradite-Grossular Series
Al	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Al	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Si	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Prehnite	Ca₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Andradite-Grossular Series
Si	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Si	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
S	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
S	ⓘ Molybdenite	MoS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
K	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
Ca	ⓘ Prehnite	Ca₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Andradite-Grossular Series
Ca	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Ca	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Ti	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Ti	ⓘ Ulvöspinel	TiFe₂²⁺O₄
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Fe	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Fe	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
Fe	ⓘ Ulvöspinel	TiFe₂²⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Andradite-Grossular Series
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Mo	Molybdenum
Mo	ⓘ Molybdenite	MoS₂
Ba	Barium
Ba	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
La	Lanthanum
La	ⓘ Lanthanite-(La)	La₂(CO₃)₃ · 8H₂O

Other Databases

Link to USGS MRDS:	10090024

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

North AmericaContinent

North America PlateTectonic Plate

Grenville OrogenyOrogenic Belt
Shawnee DomainDomain

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Dana, Edward Salisbury; Dana, James Dwight (1892) A System of Mineralogy (6th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Balsley, Jr., J.R. (1944), Vanadium-bearing magnetite-ilmenite deposits near Lake Sanford, Essex County, New York, USGS Bulletin 940-D: 99-123.

Stepheson, R.C. (1945), Titaniferous Magnetite Deposits of the Lake Sanford Area, New York State Museum Bulletin 340.

Luedke, E.M., Wrucke, C.T., and Graham, J.A. (1959), Mineral Occurrencews of New York State with Selected References to Each Locality, USGS Bulletin 1072-F: 407.

Gross, S.O. (1968), Titaniferous Ores of the Sanford Lake District, New York, in: Ore Deposits of the United States, 1933-1967 (Graton-Sales Voluyme), volume 1: New York, A.I.M.E., Inc.: 140-153.

(2005) Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS), US Geological Survey.

Quick NavTop Mineral List Rock Types Other Databases Other Regions References

Mindat.org® is an outreach project of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization. Mindat® and mindat.org® are registered trademarks of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy.
Copyright © mindat.org and the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy 1993-2026, except where stated. Most political location boundaries are © OpenStreetMap contributors. Mindat.org relies on the contributions of thousands of members and supporters. Founded in 2000 by Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau.
Content on this site may not be used to train, fine-tune, or otherwise develop artificial intelligence or machine learning models without prior written permission - see our Terms & Conditions.
To cite: Ralph, J., Von Bargen, D., Martynov, P., Zhang, J., Que, X., Prabhu, A., Morrison, S. M., Li, W., Chen, W., & Ma, X. (2025). Mindat.org: The open access mineralogy database to accelerate data-intensive geoscience research. American Mineralogist, 110(6), 833–844. doi:10.2138/am-2024-9486.
Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Contact Us / DMCA issues - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: September 4, 2026 09:00:15 Page updated: August 8, 2025 22:10:15

Go to top of page