Vermio, Central Macedonia, Greecei
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Vermio | Mountain Range |
| Central Macedonia | Administrative Region |
| Greece | Country |
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Type:
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Vermion; Bermio; Bermion
Other Languages:
Greek:
Βέρμιο, Περιφέρεια Κεντρικής Μακεδονίας, Ελλάδα
Vermio is a mountain range in northern mainland Greece. The approximate boundaries shown here follow the GMBA Mountain Inventory v2.0 definition of the Vermio mountain range and do not represent an official administrative boundary.
In places, small, strongly tectonized Fe–Ni laterite bodies are hosted within Upper Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous ophiolites. The ophiolites are composed predominantly of harzburgite, dunite and orthopyroxene-bearing dunite, with subordinate pyroxenites and gabbros. The Fe–Ni laterites are interpreted as redeposited lateritic crusts that were subsequently metamorphosed to amphibolite facies and locally enclosed within serpentinized ultramafic rocks along major shear zones.
In one such occurrence, a thin mineralized zone occurs close to the contact between the Fe–Ni laterite and overlying Cretaceous limestone. The mineralization is characterized by abundant magnetite with subordinate chromite, serpentine, chlorite, talc, vesuvianite, grossular-rich garnet, calcite and minor sulfides including millerite, pentlandite, chalcopyrite and pyrite. Nickel is concentrated in secondary hydroxides and phyllosilicates formed during late-stage alteration. Theophrastite, which was first described from this area in 1981, occurs with (Ni,Co,Mn)-hydroxides, Ni-bearing serpentine (garnierite), and Ni-rich phyllosilicates, commonly forming fine fibrous or layered aggregates associated with magnetite and silicate minerals. More recent work has documented complex microtextures and intimate intergrowths between theophrastite, hydroxyl-carbonate phases (including an otwayite-like phase), and Ni-bearing silicates, interpreted as products of multistage hydrothermal and metamorphic redistribution of Ni during deformation along the shear zone.
In places, small, strongly tectonized Fe–Ni laterite bodies are hosted within Upper Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous ophiolites. The ophiolites are composed predominantly of harzburgite, dunite and orthopyroxene-bearing dunite, with subordinate pyroxenites and gabbros. The Fe–Ni laterites are interpreted as redeposited lateritic crusts that were subsequently metamorphosed to amphibolite facies and locally enclosed within serpentinized ultramafic rocks along major shear zones.
In one such occurrence, a thin mineralized zone occurs close to the contact between the Fe–Ni laterite and overlying Cretaceous limestone. The mineralization is characterized by abundant magnetite with subordinate chromite, serpentine, chlorite, talc, vesuvianite, grossular-rich garnet, calcite and minor sulfides including millerite, pentlandite, chalcopyrite and pyrite. Nickel is concentrated in secondary hydroxides and phyllosilicates formed during late-stage alteration. Theophrastite, which was first described from this area in 1981, occurs with (Ni,Co,Mn)-hydroxides, Ni-bearing serpentine (garnierite), and Ni-rich phyllosilicates, commonly forming fine fibrous or layered aggregates associated with magnetite and silicate minerals. More recent work has documented complex microtextures and intimate intergrowths between theophrastite, hydroxyl-carbonate phases (including an otwayite-like phase), and Ni-bearing silicates, interpreted as products of multistage hydrothermal and metamorphic redistribution of Ni during deformation along the shear zone.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsMineral List
Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities16 valid minerals. 1 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals.
Rock Types Recorded
Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities
Select Rock List Type
Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Andradite Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 |
| ⓘ Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ 'Chlorite Group' |
| ⓘ Chromite Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2O4 |
| ⓘ 'Garnet Group' Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ Goethite Formula: Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ Grossular Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ Hematite Formula: Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ Magnetite Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ Millerite Formula: NiS |
| ⓘ 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup' |
| ⓘ Otwayite Formula: Ni2(CO3)(OH)2 · H2O References: Shen, Hercule (n.d.) Hercule Shan Collection.Identified by Hercule Shen: XRD, Raman Spectroscopy |
| ⓘ Pentlandite Formula: (NixFey)Σ9S8 |
| ⓘ Pyrite Formula: FeS2 |
| ⓘ Quartz Formula: SiO2 |
| ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup' Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup var. Ni-Serpentine' Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D = Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn |
| ⓘ Talc Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Theophrastite (TL) Formula: Ni(OH)2 Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Vesuvianite Formula: Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Pentlandite | 2.BB.15 | (NixFey)Σ9S8 |
| ⓘ | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ | Millerite | 2.CC.20 | NiS |
| ⓘ | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Goethite | 4.00. | Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ | Chromite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Cr3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Hematite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | Theophrastite (TL) | 4.FE.05 | Ni(OH)2 |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Otwayite | 5.DA.15 | Ni2(CO3)(OH)2 · H2O |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Andradite | 9.AD.25 | Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | Grossular | 9.AD.25 | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | Vesuvianite | 9.BG.35 | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
| ⓘ | Talc | 9.EC.05 | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Unclassified | |||
| ⓘ | 'Chlorite Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Serpentine Subgroup var. Ni-Serpentine' | - | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D = Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn |
| ⓘ | 'Garnet Group' | - | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Serpentine Subgroup' | - | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Otwayite | Ni2(CO3)(OH)2 · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Theophrastite | Ni(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
| H | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Ni-Serpentine | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D = Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn |
| H | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Otwayite | Ni2(CO3)(OH)2 · H2O |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Andradite | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Chromite | Fe2+Cr23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Otwayite | Ni2(CO3)(OH)2 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Theophrastite | Ni(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
| O | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Ni-Serpentine | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D = Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn |
| O | ⓘ Garnet Group | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
| Mg | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Ni-Serpentine | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D = Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Al | ⓘ Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
| Al | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Ni-Serpentine | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D = Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Andradite | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
| Si | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Ni-Serpentine | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D = Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn |
| Si | ⓘ Garnet Group | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Millerite | NiS |
| S | ⓘ Pentlandite | (NixFey)Σ9S8 |
| S | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Andradite | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
| Cr | Chromium | |
| Cr | ⓘ Chromite | Fe2+Cr23+O4 |
| Mn | Manganese | |
| Mn | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Ni-Serpentine | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D = Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Andradite | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Chromite | Fe2+Cr23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pentlandite | (NixFey)Σ9S8 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
| Fe | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Ni-Serpentine | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D = Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn |
| Ni | Nickel | |
| Ni | ⓘ Millerite | NiS |
| Ni | ⓘ Otwayite | Ni2(CO3)(OH)2 · H2O |
| Ni | ⓘ Pentlandite | (NixFey)Σ9S8 |
| Ni | ⓘ Theophrastite | Ni(OH)2 |
| Ni | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Ni-Serpentine | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D = Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Ni-Serpentine | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D = Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn |
Fossils
There are 15 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.
| Occurrences | 15 |
|---|---|
| Youngest Fossil Listed | 72.1 Ma (Late/Upper Cretaceous) |
| Oldest Fossil Listed | 83.6 Ma (Late/Upper Cretaceous) |
| Fossils from Region | Click here to show the list. |
| Fossil Localities | Click to show 2 fossil localities |
Other Databases
| Wikipedia: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vermio_Mountains |
|---|
Localities in this Region
- Western Macedonia
- Kozani
- Eordaia
- Kozani
Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect
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References
Marcopoulos, Theodor, Economou, Maria (1981) Theophrastite, Ni(OH)2, a new mineral from northern Greece. American Mineralogist, 66 (9-10) 1020-1021
Economou-Eliopoulos, Maria, Zaccarini, Federica (2022) On the Origin of New and Rare Minerals Discovered in the Othrys and Vermion Ophiolites, Greece: An Overview. Minerals, 12 (10) 1214 doi:10.3390/min12101214
Economou-Eliopoulos, Maria; Kanellopoulos, Christos; Papoutsa, Angeliki; Markopoulos, Theodoros; Zaccarini, Federica; Perraki, Maria (2025) Chemistry, Raman Spectroscopy and Micro-Textures of Theophrastite and Other Ni-Minerals from the Vermion Fe-Ni-Laterites, Greece: Genetic Significance. Minerals, 15 (8). p.857. doi:10.3390/min15080857
Vermio, Central Macedonia, Greece