Hephaistosite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Hephaistosite
Hephaistos
Formula:
TlPb2Cl5
Specific Gravity:
5.932 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
From Greek mythology for Hephaistos, the god of fire, equating to the Roman god of fire Vulcano, name of the type locality.
Type Locality:
Isostructural with:
The Tl analogue of challacolloite.
Compare Unnamed (Pb-Tl chloride).
In experimental sublimation (Mutnovsky volcano) a phase likely corrensponding to hephaistosite crystallizes in temperatures below 330-340oC (Zelensky & Bortnikova, 2005).
Compare Unnamed (Pb-Tl chloride).
In experimental sublimation (Mutnovsky volcano) a phase likely corrensponding to hephaistosite crystallizes in temperatures below 330-340oC (Zelensky & Bortnikova, 2005).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
31407
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:31407:9
IMA Classification of Hephaistosite
Classification of Hephaistosite
3.AA.60
3 : HALIDES
A : Simple halides, without H2O
A : M:X = 1:1, 2:3, 3:5, etc.
3 : HALIDES
A : Simple halides, without H2O
A : M:X = 1:1, 2:3, 3:5, etc.
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Hep | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Hephaistosite
Density:
5.932 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
Density could not be measured due to small grain size of pure material..
Chemistry of Hephaistosite
Mindat Formula:
TlPb2Cl5
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Hephaistosite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.9477(6) Å, b = 7.9218(7) Å, c = 12.4955(5) Å
β = 90.092(4)°
β = 90.092(4)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.13 : 1 : 1.577
Unit Cell V:
885.70 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:
Tabular on {010}. Forms at the type location include: {010}, {101}, {110}, {100}, {001}, and {011}.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0019023 | Hephaistosite | Mitolo D, Pinto D, Garavelli A, Bindi L, Vurro F (2009) The role of the minor substitutions in the crystal structure of natural challacolloite, KPb2Cl5, and hephaistosite, TiPb2Cl5, from Vulcano (Aeolian Archipelago, Italy) Mineralogy and Petrology 96 121-128 | 2009 | rim of La Fossa Crater, Vulcano, Aeolian Archipelago, Italy | 0 | 293 | |
| 0006195 | Hephaistosite | Campostrini I, Demartin F, Gramaccioli C M, Orlandi P (2008) Hephaistosite, TlPb2Cl5, a new thallium mineral series from La Fossa Crater, Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy Location: La Fossa Crater, Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy The Canadian Mineralogist 46 701-708 |  | 2008 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.971 Å | (83) |
| 3.696 Å | (100) |
| 2.851 Å | (38) |
| 2.569 Å | (42) |
| 2.273 Å | (22) |
| 2.236 Å | (25) |
| 2.109 Å | (45) |
| 1.848 Å | (41) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 45b : [Other oxidized fumarolic minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Hephaistosite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Aggregates of pale yellow-green tabular crystals up to 0.1 mm in length.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Reference Collection, Dipartimento di Chimica Strutturale e Stereochimica Inorganica, Università degli Studi, Milan, Italy, 2006-2.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
High-temperature fumarole (~400°C), altered pyroclastic breccia.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Hephaistosite
Other Language Names for Hephaistosite
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 2 photos of Hephaistosite associated with Bismuthinite | Bi2S3 |
| 2 photos of Hephaistosite associated with 'Selenium-bearing Bismuthinite' | Bi2(S,Se)3 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 3.AA. | Brontesite | (NH4)3PbCl5 |
| 3.AA.05 | Marshite | CuI |
| 3.AA.05 | Nantokite | CuCl |
| 3.AA.05 | 'UM1999-11:I:CuS' | Cu(I,S) |
| 3.AA.05 | Miersite | (Ag,Cu)I |
| 3.AA.10 | Tocornalite | (Ag,Hg)I (?) |
| 3.AA.10 | Iodargyrite | AgI |
| 3.AA.15 | Bromargyrite | AgBr |
| 3.AA.15 | Chlorargyrite | AgCl |
| 3.AA.20 | Sylvite | KCl |
| 3.AA.20 | Halite | NaCl |
| 3.AA.20 | Villiaumite | NaF |
| 3.AA.20 | Carobbiite | KF |
| 3.AA.20 | Griceite | LiF |
| 3.AA.25 | 'UM1998-03-Cl:Tl' | TlCl |
| 3.AA.25 | Nataliyamalikite | TlI |
| 3.AA.25 | Lafossaite | Tl(Cl,Br) |
| 3.AA.25 | Salammoniac | NH4Cl |
| 3.AA.30 | Calomel | [Hg2]2+Cl2 |
| 3.AA.30 | Moschelite | [Hg2]2+I2 |
| 3.AA.30 | Kuzminite | HgBr |
| 3.AA.35 | Neighborite | NaMgF3 |
| 3.AA.35 | Parascandolaite | KMgF3 |
| 3.AA.40 | Javorieite | KFeCl3 |
| 3.AA.40 | Chlorocalcite | KCaCl3 |
| 3.AA.45 | Kolarite | PbTeCl2 |
| 3.AA.50 | Radhakrishnaite | PbTe3(Cl,S)2 |
| 3.AA.55 | Challacolloite | KPb2Cl5 |
| 3.AA.90 | Pseudocotunnite | K2PbCl4 |
Fluorescence of Hephaistosite
Not fluorescent.
Other Information
Notes:
Not hygroscopic.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Hephaistosite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-31407.html
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References for Hephaistosite
Reference List:
Zelenski, Michael, Bortnikova, Svetlana (2005) Sublimate speciation at Mutnovsky volcano, Kamchatka. European Journal of Mineralogy, 17 (1) 107-118 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2005/0017-107
Campostrini, I., Demartin, F., Gramaccioli, C. M., Orlandi, P. (2008) Hephaistosite, TlPb2Cl5, a new thallium mineral series from La Fossa Crater, Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy. The Canadian Mineralogist, 46 (3) 701-708 doi:10.3749/canmin.46.3.701
Mitolo, D., Pinto, D., Garavelli, A., Bindi, L., Vurro, F. (2009) The role of the minor substitutions in the crystal structure of natural challacolloite, KPb2Cl5, and hephaistosite, TlPb2Cl5, from Vulcano (Aeolian Archipelago, Italy) Mineralogy and Petrology, 96 (1) 121-128 doi:10.1007/s00710-008-0041-2
Localities for Hephaistosite
Showing 2 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Italy | |
| Kasatkin et al. (2023) |
| Campostrini et al. (2008) +1 other reference |
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La Fossa crater, Vulcano Island, Lipari, Eolie Islands, Metropolitan City of Messina, Sicily, Italy