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Nantokite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered

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Photos of Nantokite (59)Discuss Nantokite

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Nantokite, etc.

Baratti slag locality, Piombino, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Nantokite, etc.

Baratti slag locality, Piombino, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Nantokite

Baratti slag locality, Piombino, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Nantokite, etc.

Baratti slag locality, Piombino, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Nantokite, etc.

Baratti slag locality, Piombino, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Nantokite

Baratti slag locality, Piombino, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Nantokite, etc.

Baratti slag locality, Piombino, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Nantokite, etc.

Baratti slag locality, Piombino, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

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About NantokiteHide

Formula:

CuCl

Colour:

Colourless, white to greyish, greenish

Lustre:

Adamantine

Hardness:

2 - 2½

Specific Gravity:

3.93 - 4.3

Crystal System:

Isometric

Member of:

Chlorargyrite Group

Name:

For the locality at Nantoko, Copiapó, Chile.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Carmen Bajo Mine, Candelaria Copper mining complex, Tierra Amarilla, Copiapó Province, Atacama, Chile

Chlorargyrite Group.

A rare anhydrous copper chloride, known only from arid environments and slags (as tetrahedral crystals). Colourless and transparent when fresh. Alters superficially to paratacamite (or rather clinoatacamite?) when exposed to air.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

2840

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:2840:6

IMA Classification of NantokiteHide

IMA status:

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

IMA Formula:

Cu¹⁺Cl

First published:

1868

Type description reference:

Breithaupt, J.F.A. (1868) Nantokit, ein neues Mineral. Berg- und Hüttenmännische Zeitung: 27: 3-3.

Classification of NantokiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):

3.AA.05

3 : HALIDES
A : Simple halides, without H₂O
A : M:X = 1:1, 2:3, 3:5, etc.

Dana 8th ed.:

9.1.7.1

9 : NORMAL HALIDES
1 : AX

Hey's CIM Ref.:

8.2.1

8 : Halides - Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides and Iodides; also Fluoborates and Fluosilicates
2 : Halides of Cu

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference for Standard
Ntk	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of NantokiteHide

Lustre:

Adamantine

Transparency:

Transparent

Colour:

Colourless, white to greyish, greenish

Streak:

White

Hardness:

2 - 2½ on Mohs scale

Tenacity:

Sectile

Cleavage:

Distinct/Good
On {011}.

Fracture:

Conchoidal

Density:

3.93 - 4.3 g/cm³ (Measured) 4.22 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of NantokiteHide

Type:

Isotropic

RI values:

n = 1.930(5)

Birefringence:

Anomalously anisotropic

Surface Relief:

Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).

This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral colouration.

Focus:

In focus

Comments:

On synthetic material.

Chemistry of NantokiteHide

Mindat Formula:

CuCl

Element Weights:

Element	% weight
Cu	64.189 %
Cl	35.812 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.

Elements listed:

Cl, Cu - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of NantokiteHide

Crystal System:

Isometric

Class (H-M):

43m - Hextetrahedral

Space Group:

F43m

Cell Parameters:

a = 5.407 Å

Unit Cell V:

158.08 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Morphology:

Massive, granular; small white tetrahedra.

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Year	Temp (K)
0015188	Nantokite	Hull S, Keen D A (1994) High-pressure polymorphism of the copper(I) halides: A neutron-diffraction study to ~10 GPa Physical Review B50 5868-5885	1994	293
0015187	Nantokite	Hull S, Keen D A (1994) High-pressure polymorphism of the copper(I) halides: A neutron-diffraction study to ~10 GPa Physical Review B50 5868-5885	1994	293
0015186	Nantokite	Hull S, Keen D A (1994) High-pressure polymorphism of the copper(I) halides: A neutron-diffraction study to ~10 GPa Physical Review B50 5868-5885	1994	293
0015185	Nantokite	Hull S, Keen D A (1994) High-pressure polymorphism of the copper(I) halides: A neutron-diffraction study to ~10 GPa Physical Review B50 5868-5885	1994	293
0011520	Nantokite	Wyckoff R W G (1963) Second edition. Interscience Publishers, New York, New York Crystal Structures 1 85-237	1963	293
0017906	Nantokite	Wyckoff R, Posnjak E (1922) The Crystal Structures of the Cuprous Halides _cod_database_code 1010991 Journal of the American Chemical Society 44 30-36	1922	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Nantokite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Hull S'
'Keen D A'
_journal_name_full 'Physical Review'
_journal_volume B50 
_journal_year 1994
_journal_page_first 5868
_journal_page_last 5885
_publ_section_title
;
 High-pressure polymorphism of the copper(I) halides:
 A neutron-diffraction study to ~10 GPa
 Note: P = 10.49 GPa
 Note: rocksalt structure
 Note: known as CuCl-V
;
_database_code_amcsd 0015188
_chemical_formula_sum 'Cu Cl'
_cell_length_a 4.9290
_cell_length_b 4.9290
_cell_length_c 4.9290
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 119.750
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      5.491
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'F m 3 m'
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loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
Cu   0.00000   0.00000   0.00000   0.01684
Cl   0.50000   0.50000   0.50000   0.00975

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
3.127 Å	(100)
1.915 Å	(55)
1.633 Å	(30)
1.243 Å	(10)
2.710 Å	(8)
1.1054 Å	(8)
1.354 Å	(6)

Comments:

Synthetic

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event	<2.4
45b : [Other oxidized fumarolic minerals]
47g : [Halogen-bearing surface weathering minerals]
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere	<0.6
50 : Coal and/or oil shale minerals	<0.36
Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals	<10 Ka
54 : Coal and other mine fire minerals (see also #51 and #56)
56 : Slag and smelter minerals (see also #51 and #55)

Type Occurrence of NantokiteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Carmen Bajo Mine, Candelaria Copper mining complex, Tierra Amarilla, Copiapó Province, Atacama, Chile

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

Mining Academy, Freiberg, Germany, 12012.

Reference:

Breithaupt, J.F.A. (1868) Nantokit, ein neues Mineral. Berg- und Hüttenmännische Zeitung: 27: 3-3.

Synonyms of NantokiteHide

Kupferchlorür

Other Language Names for NantokiteHide

Dutch:Nantokiet

German:Nantokit

Russian:Нантокит

Spanish:Nantokita
Nantoquita

Relationship of Nantokite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Chlorargyrite Group

Other Members of Chlorargyrite Group:

Bromargyrite	AgBr	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m
Chlorargyrite	AgCl	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m
Marshite	CuI	Iso. 43m : F43m
Miersite	(Ag,Cu)I	Iso. 43m : F43m

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:

11 photos of Nantokite associated with Cuprite	Cu₂O
10 photos of Nantokite associated with Atacamite	Cu₂(OH)₃Cl
9 photos of Nantokite associated with Native Copper	Cu
6 photos of Nantokite associated with Paratacamite	Cu₃(Cu,Zn)(OH)₆Cl₂
3 photos of Nantokite associated with 'Limonite'
2 photos of Nantokite associated with Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
1 photo of Nantokite associated with Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
1 photo of Nantokite associated with Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆
1 photo of Nantokite associated with Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

3.AA.	Brontesite	(NH₄)₃PbCl₅	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
3.AA.05	Marshite	CuI	Iso. 43m : F43m
3.AA.05	'UM1999-11:I:CuS'	Cu(I,S)
3.AA.05	Miersite	(Ag,Cu)I	Iso. 43m : F43m
3.AA.10	Tocornalite	(Ag,Hg)I (?)	Hex.
3.AA.10	Iodargyrite	AgI	Hex. 6mm : P6mm
3.AA.15	Bromargyrite	AgBr	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m
3.AA.15	Chlorargyrite	AgCl	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m
3.AA.20	Sylvite	KCl	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m
3.AA.20	Halite	NaCl	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m
3.AA.20	Villiaumite	NaF	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
3.AA.20	Carobbiite	KF	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m
3.AA.20	Griceite	LiF	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m
3.AA.25	'UM1998-03-Cl:Tl'	TlCl
3.AA.25	Nataliyamalikite	TlI	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm
3.AA.25	Lafossaite	Tl(Cl,Br)	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Pm3m
3.AA.25	Salammoniac	NH₄Cl	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m)
3.AA.30	Calomel	[Hg₂]²⁺Cl₂	Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mmm
3.AA.30	Moschelite	[Hg₂]²⁺I₂	Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mmm
3.AA.30	Kuzminite	HgBr	Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mmm
3.AA.35	Neighborite	NaMgF₃	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
3.AA.35	Parascandolaite	KMgF₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Pm3m
3.AA.40	Javorieite	KFeCl₃	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
3.AA.40	Chlorocalcite	KCaCl₃	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
3.AA.45	Kolarite	PbTeCl₂	Orth.
3.AA.50	Radhakrishnaite	PbTe₃(Cl,S)₂	Tet.
3.AA.55	Challacolloite	KPb₂Cl₅	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
3.AA.60	Hephaistosite	TlPb₂Cl₅	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
3.AA.90	Pseudocotunnite	K₂PbCl₄	Orth.

Other InformationHide

Special Storage/
Display Requirements:

Unstable in humid air, and transforms slowly into greenish secondary Cu-hydroxchlorides. Alters to "paratacamite" on exposure.

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for NantokiteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-2840.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

Mineral Dealers:

Buy from D. Joyce minerals

References for NantokiteHide

Reference List:

Breithaupt, J.F.A. (1868) Nantokit, ein neues Mineral. Berg- und Hüttenmännische Zeitung: 27: 3-3.

Breithaupt, J.F.A. (1872) Mineralogische Notizen. Nantokit. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie: 1872: 814-820.

Armstrong and Carmichael (1894) Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales: 28: 96.

Wyckoff and Posnjak (1922) Journal of the American Chemical Society: 44: 30.

Wyckoff, Ralph W. G., Posnjak, Eugen (1922) THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF THE CUPROUS HALIDES. Journal Of The American Chemical Society, 44 (1) 30-36 doi:10.1021/ja01422a005

Barth and Lunde (1925) Norsk Geol. Tidsskr.: 8: 281.

Palache, Charles; Berman, Harry; Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. John Wiley and Sons.pp.18-19

Pfitzner, A.; Lutz, H. D. (1993) The systems CuCl-M^IICl₂ (M = Mn, Cd) – crystal structures of Cu₂MnCl₄ and γ-CuCl. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 205 (2). 165-175 doi:10.1524/zkri.1993.205.part-2.165

Frost, Ray L., Williams, Peter A., Kloprogge, J. Theo, Martens, Wayde (2003) Raman spectroscopy of the copper chloride minerals nantokite, eriochalcite and claringbullite – implications for copper corrosion. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Monatshefte, 2003 (10) 433-445 doi:10.1127/0028-3649/2003/2003-0433

(2005) Nantokite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for NantokiteHide

Showing 49 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Atlantic Ocean
Mid-Atlantic Ridge complex ⓘ Snake Pit hydrothermal field	Fouquet et al. (1993)

Australia
New South Wales Yancowinna Co. Broken Hill district ⓘ Broken Hill	Mineralogical Society of America - ...
ⓘ Broken Hill Proprietary Mine	Jim Sharpe had this XRD
ⓘ Broken Hill South Mine (BHS Mine; South Mine)	Mineralogical Magazine 1894 10 : 326-327
Queensland Cloncurry Shire Cloncurry ⓘ Great Australia Mine	Mineralogical Society of America - ... +1 other reference
ⓘ Magpie prospect (Magpie Mine)	- (1999, December)
Selwyn District ⓘ Wewak Mine	Mineralogical Society of America - ...
Western Australia Exmouth Shire ⓘ Rapid shipwreck	MacLeod (1991)

Chile (TL)
Atacama Copiapó Province Tierra Amarilla Candelaria Copper mining complex ⓘ Carmen Bajo Mine (TL)	Dana et al. (1892) +1 other reference
ⓘ Nantoco	Jeffrey de Fourestier collection

China
Qinghai Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Golmud City (Ge'ermu Co.) ⓘ Ka'erqueka Cu-polymetallic deposit	Yi et al. (2017)

Czech Republic
Karlovy Vary Region Karlovy Vary District Jáchymov Svornost Mine ⓘ Geschieber vein	Babka (2024)
Ústí nad Labem Region Teplice District Krupka Steinknochen area ⓘ Nový Martin adit	Sejkora (1998)

Germany
Saxony-Anhalt Mansfeld-Südharz Mansfeld ⓘ Lichtloch 25 ?
ⓘ Lichtloch 26 ?	Ko Jansen +2 other references

Greece
South Aegean Milos Serifos Island Avissalos ⓘ Slag locality	Fritz Schreiber collection (analysed by U. Kolitsch)

India
Madhya Pradesh Jabalpur Division Balaghat District Baihar Malanjkand ⓘ Malanjkhand Mine	Singer et al. (2008)

Italy
Aosta Valley Brusson ⓘ Brusson Mine ?	Maletto et al. (2016)
Campania ⓘ Somma-Vesuvius Complex	- (n.d.)
Liguria Genoa Genoa Varenna Valley ⓘ Carpenara slag locality	Rivista Mineralogica Italiana (Avril/Juin)
Tuscany Grosseto Province Massa Marittima Valpiana - Castello della Marsiliana area slag sites ⓘ Bottricoli slag locality	"Lithothek der Münchener Micromounter" ...
ⓘ Marsiliana slag locality	Ko Jansen +2 other references
Livorno Province Campiglia Marittima ⓘ Madonna di Fucinaia (Madonna della Fucinaia) slag heaps	C.Boutry
ⓘ Capattoli Valley slag locality	www.comune.pisa.it (2000)
Castagneto Carducci ⓘ Podere del Cancellino (Podere dei Cancellini) slag locality	Jansen et al. (1998)
Piombino ⓘ Baratti slag locality	Franzini et al. (1992) +3 other references
Suvereto ⓘ Suvereto slag locality	Luigi Chiappino data

Japan
Yamagata Prefecture Mogami District Mogami ⓘ Fukufune deposit	LIN et al. (2020)

Kazakhstan
Karaganda Region ⓘ Dzhezkazgan mining district	Mineralogical Society of America - ... +1 other reference

Mexico
Durango Mapimí Municipality Mapimí ⓘ Ojuela Mine	King (1981)
Tamaulipas Villagrán Municipality San José ⓘ Priedra Mine (La Piedra Iman Mine)	Panczner (1987)

Morocco
Drâa-Tafilalet Region Zagora Province Agdz Cercle Bou Skour mining district ⓘ Agoulzi slag locality	Favreau (n.d.) +1 other reference

Pakistan
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province Charsadda District ⓘ Sakhakot-Quila complex	Ahmed (1991)

Poland
Lesser Poland Voivodeship Chrzanów County Gmina Trzebinia ⓘ Trzebionka mine	Coppola et al. (2009)
ⓘ Matylda Mine	Coppola et al. (2009)
Silesian Voivodeship ⓘ Bytom	Coppola et al. (2009)

Russia
Chelyabinsk Oblast ⓘ Chelyabinsk coal basin	Cesnokov et al. (1998)

Spain
Andalusia Almería Huércal-Overa Cuesta Alta Cerro Minado Mines ⓘ La Cena del Depósito concession	in Spanish version (Revista de Minerales) +1 other reference

UK
England Cornwall St Just Trewellard ⓘ Levant Mine	Golley et al. (1995)

USA
Arizona Cochise County Bisbee ⓘ Campbell Mine	Graeme (1993) +1 other reference
Hendricks Gulch ⓘ Southwest Mine	Graeme (1993) +2 other references
Colorado San Juan County Eureka Mining District Gladstone Bonita Peak ⓘ Sunnyside Mine group	PXRD by John Attard
Connecticut Fairfield County Stamford ⓘ Dyke Park	Henderson et al. (1967)
Michigan Ontonagon County Mass City ⓘ Algomah Mine	Williams (1962) +1 other reference
New Mexico Grant County ⓘ Steeple Rock Mining District	Mineralogical Society of America - ...
Socorro County Magdalena Mining District ⓘ Kelly Mine	Collection of Patrick Haynes. Found in ...
New York St. Lawrence County Fowler ⓘ Balmat	Rocks & Minerals (2008)
ⓘ Empire State No. 4 Mine	Chamberlain et al. (2023)
Northern Mariana Islands ⓘ West Rota Caldera ?	Leybourne et al. (2026)

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Nantokite

About NantokiteHide

Unique IdentifiersHide

IMA Classification of NantokiteHide

Classification of NantokiteHide

Mineral SymbolsHide

Physical Properties of NantokiteHide

Optical Data of NantokiteHide

Chemistry of NantokiteHide

Crystallography of NantokiteHide

Crystal StructureHide

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Geological EnvironmentHide

Type Occurrence of NantokiteHide

Synonyms of NantokiteHide

Other Language Names for NantokiteHide

Relationship of Nantokite to other SpeciesHide

Common AssociatesHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

Other InformationHide

Internet Links for NantokiteHide

References for NantokiteHide

Localities for NantokiteHide

Locality ListHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide