Wilhelmramsayite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Wilhelmramsayite
Wilhelm Ramsay
Formula:
Cu3FeS3 · 2H2O
Colour:
dark lead-grey becoming iron-black in air
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
2.75
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
For Wilhelm Ramsay (January 20, 1865 - January 6, 1928), an outstanding Finnish geologist, mineralogist and petrographer who completed the first detailed study of the Khibiny-Lovozero alkaline complex.
Type Locality:
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
27204
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:27204:7
IMA Classification of Wilhelmramsayite
Classification of Wilhelmramsayite
2.FD.40
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
F : Sulfides of arsenic, alkalies; sulfides with halide, oxide, hydroxide, H2O
D : With O, OH, H2O
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
F : Sulfides of arsenic, alkalies; sulfides with halide, oxide, hydroxide, H2O
D : With O, OH, H2O
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Wrm | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Wilhelmramsayite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Dark lead-grey becoming iron-black in air
Streak:
Black
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN10=111 - 121 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Flexible
Cleavage:
Perfect
{001}
{001}
Fracture:
Step-Like
Density:
2.75 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.84 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Wilhelmramsayite
Anisotropism:
weak, with bluish and brownish rotation colors
Bireflectance:
Weak
Colour in reflected light:
bluish-grey
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
bluish grey to grey with slight bluish tint
Chemistry of Wilhelmramsayite
Mindat Formula:
Cu3FeS3 · 2H2O
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Wilhelmramsayite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm(2/m2/m2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pmmm
Setting:
Pmmm
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.147(2) Å, b = 7.289(2) Å, c = 5.889(3) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.706 : 1 : 0.808
Unit Cell V:
220.93 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
1
Morphology:
Flattened on (001) rectangular lamellar and tabular crystals up to 1 x 5 x 6 mm in size.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 5.12 Å | (40) |
| 4.21 Å | (40) |
| 3.69 Å | (30) |
| 3.104 Å | (100) |
| 2.727 Å | (50) |
| 2.292 Å | (50) |
| 1.897 Å | (70) |
| 1.828 Å | (50) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 22 : Hydration and low-? subsurface aqueous alteration (see also #23) |
Type Occurrence of Wilhelmramsayite
General Appearance of Type Material:
rectangular platy to tabular crystals to 6 × 5 × 1 mm and is found both as singles and in aggregates
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow (catalog no. 3218/1)
Geological Setting of Type Material:
hyperagpaitic pegmatite as a late hydrothermal phase
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Wilhelmramsayite
Other Language Names for Wilhelmramsayite
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 2.FD. | Ferrovalleriite | 2(Fe,Cu)S · 1.5Fe(OH)2 |
| 2.FD.05 | Kermesite | Sb2S2O |
| 2.FD.10 | Viaeneite | (Fe,Pb)4S8O |
| 2.FD.20 | Erdite | NaFeS2 · 2H2O |
| 2.FD.25 | Coyoteite | NaFe3S5 · 2H2O |
| 2.FD.30 | Yushkinite | (Mg,Al)V4+S2(OH)2 |
| 2.FD.30 | Valleriite | (Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6 |
| 2.FD.30 | Ekplexite | (Nb,Mo,W)S2 · (Mg1-xAlx)(OH)2+x |
| 2.FD.30 | Haapalaite | (Fe2+,Ni)2(Mg,Fe2+)1.61S2(OH)3.22 |
| 2.FD.35 | Kaskasite | (Mo,Nb)S2 · (Mg1-xAlx)(OH)2+x |
| 2.FD.35 | Manganokaskasite | (Mo,Nb)S2 · (Mn1-xAlx)(OH)2+x |
| 2.FD.35 | Tochilinite | Fe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10 |
| 2.FD.35 | Ferrotochilinite | Fe2+6(Fe2+,Mg)5S6(OH)10 |
| 2.FD.45 | Vyalsovite | FeCaAlS(OH)5 |
| 2.FD.50 | Bazhenovite | Ca8S2(S3)(S2O3)(OH)12 · 20H2O |
| 2.FD.55 | 'UM2004-56-OS:BiCuPb' | PbCu4Bi4S2(O,OH,H2O)16 (?) |
Other Information
Magnetism:
Ferromagnetic
Special Storage/
Display Requirements:
Display Requirements:
In moist air, wilhelmramsayite becomes iron-black
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Wilhelmramsayite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-27204.html
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References for Wilhelmramsayite
Reference List:
Localities for Wilhelmramsayite
Showing 1 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Russia (TL) | |
| Pekov et al. (2006) |
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Koashva Open Pit, Koashva Mt, Murmansk Oblast, Russia