Viaeneite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Viaeneite
Willy Viaene (1940-2000)
Formula:
(Fe,Pb)4S8O
Colour:
Yellow
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
3½ - 4½
Specific Gravity:
3.8
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named after Professor Willy A. Viaene (born 22 January 1940 in Staden, Belgium - died 13 March 2000), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.
Type Locality:
An unusual species characterised by mixed sulphur valencies. Many similar (intermediate/mixed-valence) species, usually Fe-dominant, are known from carbonate-hosted Zn-Pb deposits; compare especially 'UM1995-35-SO:FePb'; Unnamed (Fe Pyrosulphite), Unnamed (Fe Sulphoxylane), Unnamed (Fe Sulphite), Unnamed (Fe Subsulphite); thiosulphates: UM1995-34-SO:Fe and Unnamed (Fe Thiosulphate II). Compare also Unnamed (Fe Oxysulphide).
When viaeneite is exposed to air it tarnishes within a few weeks.
Compare also albertiniite - another mineral with untypical S valence.
When viaeneite is exposed to air it tarnishes within a few weeks.
Compare also albertiniite - another mineral with untypical S valence.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
7353
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:7353:6
Similar Names
IMA Classification of Viaeneite
Approved
IMA Formula:
(Fe2+,Pb2+)4((S2)2-,S6+)8O
Approval year:
1993
Classification of Viaeneite
2.FD.10
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
F : Sulfides of arsenic, alkalies; sulfides with halide, oxide, hydroxide, H2O
D : With O, OH, H2O
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
F : Sulfides of arsenic, alkalies; sulfides with halide, oxide, hydroxide, H2O
D : With O, OH, H2O
Dana 7th ed.:
2.3.4.1
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Via | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Viaeneite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Yellow
Streak:
Black
Hardness:
3½ - 4½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN200=123 - 357 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
On {110}
On {110}
Density:
3.8(1) g/cm3 (Measured) 3.65 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Viaeneite
Anisotropism:
Strong; orange, yellow-orange, greenish gray.
Bireflectance:
Distinct; grayish brown to orange to yellow-orange.
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 (%) | R2 (%) | imR1 (%) | imR2 (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 400nm | 18.1% | 29.6% | 9.5% | 13.8% |
| 410nm | 17.5% | 29.3% | 9.8% | 14.2% |
| 420nm | 17.1% | 29.1% | 9.6% | 14.2% |
| 430nm | 17.4% | 29.5% | 9.9% | 14.6% |
| 440nm | 17.9% | 30.0% | 10.1% | 15.0% |
| 450nm | 18.4% | 30.6% | 10.4% | 15.7% |
| 460nm | 18.9% | 31.3% | 10.8% | 16.3% |
| 470nm | 19.5% | 32.1% | 11.3% | 17.0% |
| 480nm | 20.2% | 32.9% | 11.7% | 17.6% |
| 490nm | 20.7% | 33.6% | 12.3% | 18.4% |
| 500nm | 21.5% | 34.5% | 12.9% | 19.1% |
| 510nm | 22.1% | 35.2% | 13.4% | 20.0% |
| 520nm | 22.8% | 35.9% | 14.0% | 20.6% |
| 530nm | 23.2% | 36.3% | 14.4% | 21.0% |
| 550nm | 23.8% | 36.8% | 14.8% | 21.6% |
| 560nm | 24.2% | 37.3% | 15.1% | 21.8% |
| 570nm | 24.3% | 37.3% | 15.2% | 21.9% |
| 580nm | 24.5% | 37.4% | 15.2% | 21.9% |
| 590nm | 24.6% | 37.4% | 15.3% | 21.9% |
| 600nm | 24.7% | 37.4% | 15.2% | 21.8% |
| 610nm | 24.9% | 37.4% | 15.2% | 21.6% |
| 620nm | 25.0% | 37.4% | 15.0% | 21.3% |
| 630nm | 25.0% | 37.4% | 15.1% | 21.1% |
| 640nm | 25.1% | 37.3% | 15.0% | 20.9% |
| 650nm | 25.1% | 37.3% | 14.9% | 20.6% |
| 660nm | 25.2% | 37.3% | 14.8% | 20.3% |
| 670nm | 25.2% | 37.1% | 14.6% | 19.9% |
| 680nm | 25.2% | 37.0% | 14.4% | 19.5% |
| 690nm | 25.2% | 36.8% | 14.2% | 19.0% |
| 700nm | 25.1% | 36.7% | 13.9% | 18.5% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 37.4%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red, imR1 shown in green, imR2 shown in blue
Colour in reflected light:
Yellow with a brassy hue.
Chemistry of Viaeneite
Mindat Formula:
(Fe,Pb)4S8O
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Viaeneite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.717 (8) Å, b = 7.280 (6) Å, c = 6.559 (7) Å
β = 95.00(3)°
β = 95.00(3)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.335 : 1 : 0.901
Unit Cell V:
462.22 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
As crystals, to 80 µm.
Twinning:
Type material: No twinning was observed on polished sections. However twinning was observed on some of the electron diffraction patterns.
Comment:
Probable primitive.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2.709 Å | (100) |
| 2.419 Å | (80) |
| 1.758 Å | (80) |
| 2.323 Å | (70) |
| 0.9576 Å | (70) |
| 1.925 Å | (60) |
| 0.9605 Å | (60) |
Comments:
Engis, Belgium. Data from the type description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) | |
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 46 : Near-surface hydrothermal alteration of minerals (see also #22) |
Type Occurrence of Viaeneite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Academy of Mining & Metallurgy, Krak´ow, Poland, EMP9; Catholic University, Louvain, KUR32, ONB2, ONB3; Museum of Natural History, Brussels, Belgium, RN 6380.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Pb-Zn deposit in limestone
Synonyms of Viaeneite
Other Language Names for Viaeneite
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 2.FD. | Ferrovalleriite | 2(Fe,Cu)S · 1.5Fe(OH)2 |
| 2.FD.05 | Kermesite | Sb2S2O |
| 2.FD.20 | Erdite | NaFeS2 · 2H2O |
| 2.FD.25 | Coyoteite | NaFe3S5 · 2H2O |
| 2.FD.30 | Yushkinite | (Mg,Al)V4+S2(OH)2 |
| 2.FD.30 | Valleriite | (Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6 |
| 2.FD.30 | Ekplexite | (Nb,Mo,W)S2 · (Mg1-xAlx)(OH)2+x |
| 2.FD.30 | Haapalaite | (Fe2+,Ni)2(Mg,Fe2+)1.61S2(OH)3.22 |
| 2.FD.35 | Kaskasite | (Mo,Nb)S2 · (Mg1-xAlx)(OH)2+x |
| 2.FD.35 | Manganokaskasite | (Mo,Nb)S2 · (Mn1-xAlx)(OH)2+x |
| 2.FD.35 | Tochilinite | Fe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10 |
| 2.FD.35 | Ferrotochilinite | Fe2+6(Fe2+,Mg)5S6(OH)10 |
| 2.FD.40 | Wilhelmramsayite | Cu3FeS3 · 2H2O |
| 2.FD.45 | Vyalsovite | FeCaAlS(OH)5 |
| 2.FD.50 | Bazhenovite | Ca8S2(S3)(S2O3)(OH)12 · 20H2O |
| 2.FD.55 | 'UM2004-56-OS:BiCuPb' | PbCu4Bi4S2(O,OH,H2O)16 (?) |
Other Information
Notes:
When exposed to air it tarnishes within a few weeks, however, it remains unchanged when kept in an air-tight container.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Viaeneite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-7353.html
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References for Viaeneite
Localities for Viaeneite
Showing 3 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Caruso et al. (2018) +1 other reference |
Belgium (TL) | |
| Kucha et al. (1996) +1 other reference |
Bolivia | |
| Jiménez-Franco et al. (2018) |
Quick NavTopAbout ViaeneiteUnique IdentifiersSimilar NamesIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography X-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
La Mallieue, Engis, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium