Kuliokite-(Y)
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Kuliokite-(Y)
Formula:
Y4Al(SiO4)2(OH)2F5
Colour:
Colorless
Lustre:
Adamantine
Hardness:
4 - 5
Specific Gravity:
4.3
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
For the Kuliok River, Kola Peninsula, Russia, and the "-(Y)" suffix for the yttrium in its composition.
The crystal structure of kuliokite-(Y) contains two symmetrically independent Y sites, Y1 and Y2, coordinated by eight and seven X anions, respectively (X = O, F). The coordination polyhedra can be described as a distorted square antiprism and a distorted pentagonal bipyramid, respectively. The refinement of site occupancies indicated that the mineral represents a rare case of HREE fractionation among two cation sites driven by their coordination numbers and geometry. In agreement with the lanthanide contraction, HREEs are selectively incorporated into the Y2 site with a smaller coordination number and tighter coordination environment. The strongest building unit of the structure is the [AlX2(SiO4)2] chain of corner-sharing AlX6 octahedra and SiO4 tetrahedra running along the a axis. The chains have their planes oriented parallel to (001). The Y atoms are located in between the chains, along with the F− and (OH)− anions, providing the three-dimensional integrity of the crystal structure. Each F− anion is coordinated by three Y3+ cations to form planar (FY3)8+ triangles parallel to the (010) plane. The triangles share common edges to form [F2Y2]4+ chains parallel to the a axis. The analysis of second-neighbor coordination of Y sites allowed us to identify the structural topology of kuliokite-(Y) as the only case of the skd network in inorganic compounds, previously known in molecular structures only. The variety of anionic content in the mineral allows us to identify the potential existence of two other mineral species that can tentatively be named ‘fluorokuliokite-(Y)’ and ‘hydroxykuliokite-(Y)’.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2286
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2286:2
Similar Names
IMA Classification of Kuliokite-(Y)
Approved
Approval year:
1984
First published:
1986
Classification of Kuliokite-(Y)
9.AG.50
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
G : Nesosilicates with additional anions; cations in > [6] +- [6] coordination
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
G : Nesosilicates with additional anions; cations in > [6] +- [6] coordination
78.7.8.1
78 : Unclassified Silicates
7 :
78 : Unclassified Silicates
7 :
17.2.8
17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
2 : Silicates with fluoride
17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
2 : Silicates with fluoride
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Klo-Y | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Kuliokite-(Y)
Adamantine
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Colorless
Streak:
White
Hardness:
4 - 5 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Poor/Indistinct
{010}
{010}
Density:
4.3 g/cm3 (Measured) 4.723 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Kuliokite-(Y)
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.656(1) nβ = 1.700(1) nγ = 1.703(1)
2V:
Measured: 19° to 29°, Calculated: 28°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.047
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r > v
Optical Extinction:
Z = c; X ∧ a = 7°; Y ∧ b = 28°.
Chemistry of Kuliokite-(Y)
Mindat Formula:
Y4Al(SiO4)2(OH)2F5
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Kuliokite-(Y)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
m - Domatic
Cell Parameters:
a = 4.3213(1) Å, b = 14.8123(6) Å, c = 8.6857(3) Å
β = 102.872(4)°
β = 102.872(4)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.292 : 1 : 0.586
Unit Cell V:
541.99 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Twinning:
Polysynthetic.
Comment:
space group Im
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0015613 | Kuliokite-(Y) | Sokolova E V, Egorov-Tismenko Y K, Voloshin A V, Pakhomovsky Y A (1986) Crystal structure of the new Y-Al silicate kuliokite-(Y), Y4Al[SiO4]2(OH)2F5 Soviet Physics Doklady 31 601-603 | 1986 | Kola Peninsula, Russia | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 4.270 Å | (50) |
| 3.710 Å | (90) |
| 3.490 Å | (90) |
| 3.310 Å | (60) |
| 2.793 Å | (100 broad) |
| 2.544 Å | (50) |
| 2.459 Å | (80 broad) |
| 2.234 Å | (50) |
| 2.144 Å | (70) |
| 1.985 Å | (50) |
| 1.855 Å | (60) |
| 1.762 Å | (60) |
| 1.702 Å | (80) |
| 1.516 Å | (50) |
Comments:
Ploskaya Mt, Murmansk Oblast, Russia. The data are from the type description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks |
Type Occurrence of Kuliokite-(Y)
General Appearance of Type Material:
White crusts on fluorite.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Geology Museum, Kola Branch, Academy of Sciences, Apatity, Russia, number 5958/7.
Mining Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, number 945/2.
A.E. Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 85666, 85670.
Mining Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, number 945/2.
A.E. Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 85666, 85670.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
amazonitic pegmatite
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Kuliokite-(Y)
Other Language Names for Kuliokite-(Y)
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 2 photos of Kuliokite-(Y) associated with 'Yttrofluorite' | (Ca1-xYx)F2+x where 0.05 < x < 0.3 |
| 1 photo of Kuliokite-(Y) associated with 'Zinnwaldite' | |
| 1 photo of Kuliokite-(Y) associated with Kainosite-(Y) | Ca2Y2(SiO3)4(CO3) · H2O |
| 1 photo of Kuliokite-(Y) associated with Bastnäsite-(Ce) | Ce(CO3)F |
| 1 photo of Kuliokite-(Y) associated with Fluorite | CaF2 |
| 1 photo of Kuliokite-(Y) associated with Vyuntspakhkite-(Y) | (Y,Yb)4Al2.5-1.5(Si,Al)1.5-2.5(SiO4)4O(OH)7 |
| 1 photo of Kuliokite-(Y) associated with Fluocerite-(Ce) | CeF3 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.AG. | Aluminotaipingite-(CeCa) | (Ce6Ca3)◻Al(SiO4)3[SiO3(OH)]4F3 |
| 9.AG. | 'Ivanyukite-Na-T' | Na2Ti4(SiO4)3(OH)O3 · 7H2O |
| 9.AG. | 'Ivanyukite-Na-C' | Na2Ti4(SiO4)3(OH)2O2 · 6H2O |
| 9.AG. | Edgrewite | Ca9(SiO4)4F2 |
| 9.AG.02 | Gatedalite | ZrMn2+2Mn3+4SiO12 |
| 9.AG.05 | Abswurmbachite | CuMn3+6(SiO4)O8 |
| 9.AG.05 | Neltnerite | CaMn3+6(SiO4)O8 |
| 9.AG.05 | Skogbyite | Zr(Mg2Mn3+4)SiO12 |
| 9.AG.05 | Braunite | Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8 |
| 9.AG.05 | 'Braunite-II' | Ca(Mn3+,Fe)14(SiO4)O20 |
| 9.AG.10 | Långbanite | Mn2+4Mn3+9Sb5+O16(SiO4)2 |
| 9.AG.12 | Taipingite-(CeCa) | (Ce7Ca2)◻Mg(SiO4)3[SiO3(OH)]4F3 |
| 9.AG.15 | Żabińskiite | Ca[Al0.5(Ta,Nb)0.5)]O(SiO4) |
| 9.AG.15 | Titanite | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| 9.AG.15 | Vanadomalayaite | CaVO(SiO4) |
| 9.AG.15 | Natrotitanite | (Na0.5Y0.5)TiO(SiO4) |
| 9.AG.15 | Malayaite | CaSnO(SiO4) |
| 9.AG.20 | Ferricerite-(LaCa) | (La6Ca3)◻Fe3+(SiO4)3(SiO3OH)4(OH)3 |
| 9.AG.20 | Aluminocerite-(CeCa) | (Ce6Ca3)◻Al(SiO4)3[SiO3(OH)]4(OH)3 |
| 9.AG.20 | Cerite-(CeCa) | (Ce7Ca2)◻Mg(SiO4)3(SiO3OH)4(OH)3 |
| 9.AG.20 | Nipeiite-(Ce) | Ce9Fe3+(SiO4)6[SiO3(OH)](OH)3 |
| 9.AG.25 | 'Yftisite-(Y)' | (Y,Dy,Er)4(Ti,Sn)(SiO4)2O(F,OH)6 |
| 9.AG.25 | Mieite-(Y) | Y4Ti(SiO4)2O[F,(OH)]6 |
| 9.AG.25 | Trimounsite-(Y) | Y2Ti2(SiO4)O5 |
| 9.AG.30 | Sitinakite | KNa2Ti4(SiO4)2O5(OH) · 4H2O |
| 9.AG.35 | Kittatinnyite | Ca2Mn2Mn(SiO4)2(OH)4 · 9H2O |
| 9.AG.40b | Paranatisite | Na2Ti(SiO4)O |
| 9.AG.40a | Natisite | Na2Ti(SiO4)O |
| 9.AG.45 | Törnebohmite-(Ce) | Ce2Al(SiO4)2(OH) |
| 9.AG.45 | Törnebohmite-(La) | La2Al(SiO4)2(OH) |
| 9.AG.50 | Ivanyukite-Na | Na2Ti4(SiO4)3(OH)2O2 · 6H2O |
| 9.AG.50 | Ivanyukite-K | K2Ti4(SiO4)3(OH)2O2 · 9H2O |
| 9.AG.50 | Ivanyukite-Cu | CuTi4(SiO4)3(OH)2O2 · 7H2O |
| 9.AG.50 | Hydroxyledgrewite | Ca9(SiO4)4(OH)2 |
| 9.AG.52 | Ulfanderssonite-(Ce) | (Ce15Ca)Σ16Mg2(SiO4)10(SiO3OH)(OH,F)5Cl3 |
| 9.AG.55 | Chantalite | CaAl2(SiO4)(OH)4 |
| 9.AG.60 | Vuagnatite | CaAl(SiO4)(OH) |
| 9.AG.60 | Mozartite | CaMn3+(SiO4)(OH) |
| 9.AG.65 | Hatrurite | Ca3(SiO4)O |
| 9.AG.70 | Jasmundite | Ca11(SiO4)4O2S |
| 9.AG.75 | Afwillite | Ca3[SiO4][SiO2(OH)2] · 2H2O |
| 9.AG.80 | Bultfonteinite | Ca2(HSiO4)F · H2O |
| 9.AG.85 | Zoltaiite | BaV4+2V3+12(SiO4)2O19 |
| 9.AG.90 | Tranquillityite | (Fe2+,Ca)8(Zr,Y)2Ti3(SiO4)3O12 |
Fluorescence of Kuliokite-(Y)
Yellow-green cathodoluminescence.
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Kuliokite-(Y)
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2286.html
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References for Kuliokite-(Y)
Reference List:
Hawthorne, Frank C., Burke, Ernst A. J., Ercit, T. Scott, Grew, Edward S., Grice, Joel D., Jambor, John L., Puziewicz, Jacek, Roberts, Andrew C., Vanko, David A. (1988) New Mineral Names. American Mineralogist, 73 (1-2) 189-199
Localities for Kuliokite-(Y)
Showing 3 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Norway | |
| Husdal (2008) |
| Raade et al. (1993) |
Russia (TL) | |
| Voloshin A.V. et al. (1986) +2 other references |
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Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway