Hydrohalloysite
A discredited species name
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About Hydrohalloysite
Jean-Baptiste-Julien d'Omalius d'Halloy (1783-1875)
Formula:
Al2Si2O5(OH)4 · 2H2O
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
The early history of the name of this species is complex (Alexander et al. 1943, Faust 1955). Names used include halloysite, hydrated halloysite and endellite. The original halloysite was found to include two related species with different hydration and interlayer spacing: currently known as halloysite and hydrohalloysite. The name of the more hydrated species was changed by the IMA to halloysite-10Å in 1980 (Bailey, 1980), where the suffix refers to the 10-Ångström layer thickness that is identified in XRD patterns. The species was renamed to hydrohalloysite in 2022, for its relationship to halloysite and the increased hydration.
The root name honors Belgian geologist Jean-Baptiste d'Omalius d'Halloy (16 February 1783, Liège, Belgium - 15 January 1875, Brussels, Belgium), who discovered the mineral. He was a nobleman, a statesman, and a pioneer of modern geology in Belgium.
The root name honors Belgian geologist Jean-Baptiste d'Omalius d'Halloy (16 February 1783, Liège, Belgium - 15 January 1875, Brussels, Belgium), who discovered the mineral. He was a nobleman, a statesman, and a pioneer of modern geology in Belgium.
First Recorded Locality:
A very fine-grained clay mineral, typically white. It can slowly dehydrate to halloysite at room temperature, not very reversibly. It has a 10-Ångström layer thickness.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
10409
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:10409:2
IMA Classification of Hydrohalloysite
Discredited
Approval history:
IMA 25-E –Hydrohalloysite (discreditation)
Classification of Hydrohalloysite
9.ED.10
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
D : Phyllosilicates with kaolinite layers composed of tetrahedral and octahedral nets
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
D : Phyllosilicates with kaolinite layers composed of tetrahedral and octahedral nets
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Hly-10Å | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Hly | Warr (2020) | Warr, L.N. (2020) Recommended abbreviations for the names of clay minerals and associated phases. Clay Minerals, 55, 261–264 doi:10.1180/clm.2020.30 |
Chemistry of Hydrohalloysite
Mindat Formula:
Al2Si2O5(OH)4 · 2H2O
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Hydrohalloysite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
m - Domatic
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.1 Å, b = 8.9 Å, c = 10.25 Å
β = 100.2°
β = 100.2°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.573 : 1 : 1.152
Unit Cell V:
457.89 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Comment:
Space group Cc.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 10 Å | (10) |
| 4.36 Å | (7) |
| 3.35 Å | (4) |
| 2.54 Å | (3.5) |
| 1.48 Å | (3) |
| 1.672 Å | (1.4) |
| 1.281 Å | (0.8) |
Comments:
http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/AMS/xtal_data/DIFfiles/12320.txt has strongest peak at 5.05 A.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere | >4.45 |
| 16 : Low-? aqueous alteration of Hadean subaerial lithologies (see also #23) | |
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 21 : Chemically precipitated carbonate, phosphate, iron formations | |
| 22 : Hydration and low-? subsurface aqueous alteration (see also #23) | |
| 24 : Authigenic minerals in terrestrial sediments (see also #17) | |
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
| 48 : Soil leaching zone minerals | <0.6 |
First Recorded Occurrence of Hydrohalloysite
Synonyms of Hydrohalloysite
Other Language Names for Hydrohalloysite
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 6 photos of Hydrohalloysite associated with Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| 4 photos of Hydrohalloysite associated with Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| 3 photos of Hydrohalloysite associated with Halloysite | Al2Si2O5(OH)4 · n(H2O) |
| 2 photos of Hydrohalloysite associated with Titanite | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| 2 photos of Hydrohalloysite associated with Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
| 1 photo of Hydrohalloysite associated with 'Apatite' | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| 1 photo of Hydrohalloysite associated with 'Limonite' | |
| 1 photo of Hydrohalloysite associated with Alumohydrocalcite | CaAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O |
| 1 photo of Hydrohalloysite associated with Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.ED. | 'Clinochrysotile' | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| 9.ED.05 | Dickite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| 9.ED.05 | Nacrite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| 9.ED.05 | Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| 9.ED.05 | Odinite | (Fe,Mg,Al,Fe,Ti,Mn)2.4((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4 |
| 9.ED.10 | Halloysite | Al2Si2O5(OH)4 · n(H2O) |
| 9.ED.10 | Hisingerite | Fe3+2(Si2O5)(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| 9.ED.15 | Antigorite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| 9.ED.15 | Brindleyite | (Ni,Al)3(Si,Al)2O5(OH)4 |
| 9.ED.15 | Fraipontite | (Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4 |
| 9.ED.15 | Népouite | Ni3Si2O5(OH)4 |
| 9.ED.15 | Pecoraite | Ni3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| 9.ED.15 | Guidottiite | Mn2Fe3+(Fe3+SiO5)(OH)4 |
| 9.ED.15 | Lizardite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| 9.ED.15 | Berthierine | (Fe2+,Fe3+,Al)3(Si,Al)2O5(OH)4 |
| 9.ED.15 | Kellyite | Mn2+2Al(AlSiO5)(OH)4 |
| 9.ED.15 | Cronstedtite | Fe2+2Fe3+((Si,Fe3+)2O5)(OH)4 |
| 9.ED.15 | Caryopilite | Mn2+3Si2O5(OH)4 |
| 9.ED.15 | Amesite | Mg2Al(AlSiO5)(OH)4 |
| 9.ED.15 | Greenalite | (Fe2+,Fe3+)2-3Si2O5(OH)4 |
| 9.ED.15 | Manandonite | Li2Al4(Si2AlB)O10(OH)8 |
| 9.ED.20 | Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| 9.ED.20 | Neotocite | (Mn,Fe)SiO3 · H2O (?) |
| 9.ED.20 | Allophane | (Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O |
| 9.ED.20 | Imogolite | Al2SiO3(OH)4 |
| 9.ED.25 | Bismutoferrite | Fe3+2Bi(SiO4)2(OH) |
| 9.ED.25 | Chapmanite | Fe3+2Sb3+(Si2O5)O3(OH) |
| 9.ED.30 | 'Pianlinite' | Al2Si2O6(OH)2 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Hydrohalloysite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-10409.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Hydrohalloysite
Reference List:
Mehmel, M. (1935) Über die Struktur von Halloysit und Metahalloysit. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 90 (1-6). p.35-43. doi:10.1524/zkri.1935.90.1.35
Alexander, L. T., Faust, G. T., Hendricks, S. B., Insley, H., McMurdie, and H. F. (1943) Relationship of the clay minerals halloysite and endellite. American Mineralogist, 28 (1) 1-18
Faust, George T. (1955) The endellite-halloysite nomenclature. American Mineralogist, 40 (11-12) 1110-1118
Kohyama, Norihiko (1978) Observation of the Hydrated Form of Tubular Halloysite by an Electron Microscope Equipped with an Environmental Cell. Clays and Clay Minerals, 26 (1) 25-40 doi:10.1346/ccmn.1978.0260103
Loughnan, F C., Roberts, F Ivor (1981) The natural conversion of ordered kaolinite to halloysite (10.4) at Burning Mountain near Wingen, New South Wales. American Mineralogist, 66 (9-10) 997-1005
Bayliss, Peter (1989) Unit-Cell Dimensions of Two-Dimensional Clay Minerals. Powder Diffraction, 4 (1). 19-20 doi:10.1017/s0885715600016249
Theo Kloprogge, J., Frost, Ray L. (1999) Raman microprobe spectroscopy of hydrated halloysite from a Neogene cryptokarst from Southern Belgium. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 30 (12). 1079-1085 doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4555(199912)30:12<1079::aid-jrs488>3.0.co;2-g
Joussein, E., Petit, S., Churchman, J., Theng, B., Righi, D., Delvaux, B. (2005) Halloysite clay minerals — a review. Clay Minerals, 40 (4) 383-426 doi:10.1180/0009855054040180
He, Hongping, Ji, Shichao, Tao, Qi, Zhu, Jianxi, Chen, Tianhu, Liang, Xiaoliang, Li, Zhaohui, Dong, Hailiang (2017) Transformation of halloysite and kaolinite into beidellite under hydrothermal condition. American Mineralogist, 102 (5) 997-1005 doi:10.2138/am-2017-5935
Localities for Hydrohalloysite
Showing 91 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| CRAVERO +1 other reference |
Austria | |
| Erwin Löffler collection |
| Niedermayr (1997) +1 other reference | |
| Niedermayr (1985) | |
| Holzer et al. (1966) |
| Uwe Kolitsch (powder X-ray diffraction) +2 other references |
Belgium (FRL) | |
| Ann.Chim.Phys. (1826) |
| Kloprogge et al. (1999) +1 other reference |
Chile | |
| XRD by Joachim Lorenz |
China | |
| Mao Xingli and Yan Yipeng (1987) +1 other reference |
| Kecong Han and Shengyun Ma (1985) |
| Guoping Zhou (1990) |
| Zengqian Hou et al. (2007) |
Finland | |
| Lindquist et al. (1996) |
France | |
| Pascale & Daniel Journet |
Georgia | |
| Chervyatsova et al. (2024) |
Germany | |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Blaß et al. (2010) |
| Schnorrer-Köhler (1988) |
| Blaß et al. (2003) |
| Blaß et al. (2002) |
Greece | |
| |
| |
| Wendel et al. (1999) |
Hungary | |
| Kónya-MÁFI |
Italy | |
| D'Angeli et al. (2018) |
| D'Angeli et al. (2018) | |
| Bortolozzi (n.d.) |
| Russo et al. (2017) |
| Russo et al. (2017) | |
| Russo et al. (2017) |
| De Gennaro M. (1975) +1 other reference |
| De Gennaro M. (1975) +1 other reference |
| Di Sabatino et al. (1979) |
| Barrese et al. (1994) |
| De Casa et al. (1999) | |
| Lombardi et al. (1979) +1 other reference | |
| Castellaro-Kampf |
| Bertolani et al. (1976) +1 other reference |
| D'Angeli et al. (2018) |
| Ciriotti et al. (2010) |
| Torri et al. (2017) |
| Torri et al. (2017) | |
| Cristiano Batacchi et al. (2023) |
| Orlandi et al. (1989) +1 other reference |
| D'Angeli et al. (2018) |
Japan | |
| Petrov (n.d.) +1 other reference |
Libya | |
| American Mineralogist 28:1-18 | |
Mexico | |
| Panczner (1987) |
Russia | |
| Igor Savin data |
| Talovina et al. (2008) |
| Talovina et al. (2003) | |
| Talovina et al. (2003) |
Spain | |
| Rosell-Riba et al. (2022) |
| Díaz-Acha et al. (2022) | |
| Pedro Mingueza et al. (2022) |
Switzerland | |
| Ansermet et al. (2021) |
UK | |
| Day (1999) |
USA | |
| Schwartz (1956) +1 other reference |
| Schwartz (1947) +1 other reference |
| Peterson et al. (1946) +2 other references |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Schwartz (1947) +2 other references |
| www.azminerals.com | |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Lovering et al. (1950) +2 other references |
| Schwartz (1934) +3 other references |
| Pemberton (1983) +1 other reference |
| Jahns et al. (1951) |
| Cook (1978) |
| Grant ( ) | |
| Cook (1978) | |
| Patterson (1984) |
| Indiana Geo. Sur. pub. B1 (1948) |
| Patterson et al. (1984) |
| Sunderman et al. (1969) | |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Polyak +1 other reference |
| collection of Patrick Haynes |
| Sam H. Patterson and Haydn H. Murray (1984) |
| Sam H. Patterson and Haydn H. Murray (1984) |
| Patterson (1984) |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Bullock (1981) | |
| Dietrich (1990) |
| Dietrich (1990) |
Quick NavTopAbout HydrohalloysiteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsChemistry Crystallography X-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentFirst Recorded Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Imeni XIX Parts'ezda deposit, Mezhozerny settlement, Uzelga VHMS deposits, Verkhneuralsky District, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia