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Bethel, Fairfield County, Connecticut, USAi
Regional Level Types
BethelTown
Fairfield CountyCounty
ConnecticutState
USACountry

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02535960017272023876344.jpg
Collecting on the dumps at Bierman Quarry 1979

Biermann Quarries, Bethel, Fairfield County, Connecticut, USA
00101890017272023888020.jpg
Elmore Easter collecting on the dumps at Bierman Quarry

Biermann Quarries, Bethel, Fairfield County, Connecticut, USA
02535960017272023876344.jpg
Collecting on the dumps at Bierman Quarry 1979

Biermann Quarries, Bethel, Fairfield County, Connecticut, USA
00101890017272023888020.jpg
Elmore Easter collecting on the dumps at Bierman Quarry

Biermann Quarries, Bethel, Fairfield County, Connecticut, USA
Type:
Largest Settlements:
PlacePopulation
Bethel9,549 (2017)
Mindat Locality ID:
29484
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:29484:2
GUID (UUID V4):
0


Bethel is a town first settled around 1700 and incorporated in 1855.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.


Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

27 valid minerals. 1 erroneous literature entry.

Detailed Mineral List:

Acanthite ?
Formula: Ag2S
Habit: massive
Colour: black
Description: Microscopic black masses with post-collecting crystal overgrowths.
Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
Habit: massive, tabular, blocky angular overgrowths
Colour: white
Description: Vast majority is massive primary pegmatite constituent. Secondary crystals occur as micro-overgrowths on walls of small voids and as part of a suite of micro-minerals pseudomorphing beryl.
Almandine
Formula: Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Habit: trapezohedral
Colour: maroon
Description: Massive material, commonly with blue-green to white fluorapatite.
Annite
Formula: KFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Colour: black
Description: minor accessory mineral
Bertrandite
Formula: Be4(Si2O7)(OH)2
Habit: multiple forms, from simple to complex and as various twins. Usually flattened, elongated, or blocky.
Colour: colorless
Description: Micro-crystals and aggregates in voids left by dissolved beryl crystals. Also part of a suite of micro-minerals pseudomorphing beryl crystals.
Beryl
Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18)
Habit: Hexagonal prisms elongated along c axis. Commonly tapered.
Colour: orange-yellow, pale yellow to pale green, brown when altered
Description: Crystals can be large (over 60 cm), though typically subhedral, and multi-colored, and varying from partly gemmy to brown, opaque, and altered to a fine-grained mixture of bertrandite, muscovite, adularia, quartz and albite. Many crystals are found frozen in matrix in a subparallel arrangement with one end rooted in a layer mica.
Bismutite
Formula: (BiO)2CO3
Habit: earthy, as pseudomorphs after bismuthinite
Colour: gray
Description: earthy gray pseudomorphs after elongated, striated bismuthinite crystals up to a few cms.
Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
Habit: scalenohedral
Colour: colorless to white
Description: Mostly as a rock-forming mineral in the Stockbridge Marble, but rarely as crystals in fractures in the marble, usually scalenohedral.
Cerussite
Formula: PbCO3
Habit: equant, dipyramidal, pseudo-hexagonal
Colour: Yellowish white
Description: In addition to free-growing crystals, the cerussite is also found as megascopic and microscopic crystalline masses and grains associated with wulfenite and pyromorphite.
'Chlorite Group'
Habit: massive and micaceous in the schist, pseudohexagonal in the pegmatite
Colour: dark green in the schist, in the pegmatite as zoned nearly black interior and white exterior.
Description: Abundant in the schist near the pegmatite. Also very rarely as tiny crystals and crusts in voids in the pegmatite.
'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series'
Habit: flat, elongated prisms or subhedral masses
Colour: black, with iridescence
Description: Good prismatic crystals formed in quartz, also hand-sized subhedral masses with striations from neighboring muscovite. Januzzi (1976) reports that a beryl crystal with a large columbite crystal projecting from it was donated to the American Museum of Natural History in New York City. The ID is generic, at least one crystal was tested using Raman spectroscopy and the best match is tantalite-(Fe) (see entry). A crystal formerly in the Bill Shelton collection has a specific gravity of 6.7, making it clearly a columbite species.
'Cymatolite' ?
Description: The complete absence of spodumene at Biermann makes the occurence of cymatolite here hightly unlikely. Quite possibly the reported find was a cymatolite found at the Fillow Quarry (not too far away) and discard by a collector at Biermann.
'Dravite-Schorl Series'
Habit: elongated prismatic with trigonal terminations
Colour: black to very dark brown
Description: Short to elongated (along c axis) prisms with simple rhombohedral terminations, commonly doubly. Januzzi: (1994): "I was recently informed (Schooner, private communication) that outstanding tourmaline crystals were collected, at the Bierman Quarry, that were between 4-5 inches long and about 2½ inches in width. These dravites occurred, in an area of tourmaline bearing schist, bordering the pegmatite dike. Fine doubly terminated crystals of tourmaline occur in the mica schist in the immediate area of the pegmatite locality. The crystals show the typical hemihedral form with well developed rhombohedral terminations; more than the usual number of prismatic faces are present so that the characteristic vertical striations often seen on specimens of tourmaline are wanting in the well formed specimens."
'Fergusonite' ?
Colour: brownish yellow
Description: reported by Januzzi (1976) as "a small, brownish yellow nodule in feldspar". No analysis reported, no other finds reported/confirmed.
Fluorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F
Habit: massive to subhedral tabular
Colour: white to blue-green
Fluorescence: yellow under SW UV
Description: Typically massive and associated with maroon almandine. Color can vary between white and blue-green in the same chunk, with bright yellow SW UV fluorescence only from the white zones.
Grossular
Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
Habit: massive
Colour: pale orange
Description: In a calc-silicate rock with vesuvianite and quartz.
'Gummite'
Description: Apparently an alteration of uraninite.
Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
'K Feldspar'
Colour: white
Description: See comments for adularia variety.
'K Feldspar var. Adularia'
Formula: KAlSi3O8
Habit: rectangular with acute pinacoids to flat pseudo-rhombohedral
Colour: white to pale pink
Description: Part of a suite of microminerals pseudomorphing beryl: bertrandite, muscovite, albite, quartz.
Meta-autunite
Formula: Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Habit: square tabular
Colour: yellow-green
Fluorescence: bright green under SW UV
Description: Secondary microcrystals from the alteration of primary uraninite.
Microcline
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Colour: white to tan
Description: Primary constituent of the pegmatite matrix, crystals rare and typically subhedral.
Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Habit: tabular subhedral
Colour: silvery to pale olive green
Description: Major accessory pegmatite mineral, in books up to several 10s of cm, pseudmorphing schorl, or as part of a suite of microminerals pseudomorphing beryl: bertrandite, adularia, albite, quartz.
Opal
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
Habit: coatings
Colour: colorless
Fluorescence: bright green under SW UV
Description: Minor coatings on fracture surfaces, nearly impossible to see without using a UV lamp.
Opal var. Opal-AN
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
Habit: coatings
Colour: colorless
Fluorescence: bright green under SW UV
Description: Minor coatings on fracture surfaces, nearly impossible to see without using a UV lamp.
Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
Pyrolusite
Formula: Mn4+O2
Description: No pyrolusite dendrite or staining in the world has been verified as pyrolusite. The name was a mistake in the nineteenth century which has been widely publicized.
Pyromorphite
Formula: Pb5(PO4)3Cl
Habit: micro-encrustations
Colour: yellow-green
Description: Associated with microcrystals of wulfenite and cerussite in vuggy albite.
Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Habit: elongated prismatic
Colour: smoky to milky
Description: The vast majority of material is a massive primary constituent of the pegmatite matrix. Small to microcrystals are secondary overgrowths lining small void or as part of a suite of microminerals pseudomorphing beryl: bertrandite, adularia, albite, muscovite.
Schorl
Formula: NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Habit: elongated trigonal prismatic
Colour: black
Description: An accessory mineral in the pegmatite, crystals up to 3 feet long and commonly tapered along their long axis. Many are partly or completely altered to muscovite.
Spessartine
Formula: Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Habit: massive
Colour: red
Description: Massive material associated with blue-green fluorapatite in cleavelandite.
Tantalite-(Fe)
Formula: Fe2+Ta2O6
Description: At least one "columbite" from here was tested using Raman spectroscopy at the University of New Haven and best match is tantalite-(Fe).
Uraninite
Formula: UO2
Habit: octahedral
Colour: black
Description: Crystals typically small and subhedral.
Uranophane
Formula: Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Description: Alteration of uraninite.
Vesuvianite
Formula: Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Habit: subhedral
Colour: brown
Description: In a calc-silicate rock with grossular and quartz.
Wulfenite
Formula: Pb(MoO4)
Habit: tabular, elongated prismatic bipyramidal
Colour: orange
Description: Microcrystals associated with equally small cerussite and pyromorphite crystals in vuggy albite.
Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)
Zircon var. Cyrtolite
Formula: Zr[(SiO4),(OH)4]
Habit: branching aggregates of prismatic crystals terminated by pyramids
Colour: brown

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
Acanthite ?2.BA.35Ag2S
Pyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
Hematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
Opal
var. Opal-AN
4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
Pyrolusite ?4.DB.05Mn4+O2
Tantalite-(Fe)4.DB.35Fe2+Ta2O6
Uraninite4.DL.05UO2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
Calcite5.AB.05CaCO3
Cerussite5.AB.15PbCO3
Bismutite5.BE.25(BiO)2CO3
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
Wulfenite7.GA.05Pb(MoO4)
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
Fluorapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3F
Pyromorphite8.BN.05Pb5(PO4)3Cl
Meta-autunite8.EB.10Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Group 9 - Silicates
Almandine9.AD.25Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Grossular9.AD.25Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
Spessartine9.AD.25Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Zircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
var. Cyrtolite9.AD.30Zr[(SiO4),(OH)4]
Uranophane9.AK.15Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Bertrandite9.BD.05Be4(Si2O7)(OH)2
Vesuvianite9.BG.35Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Beryl9.CJ.05Be3Al2(Si6O18)
Schorl9.CK.05NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Muscovite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Annite9.EC.20KFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Microcline9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
Albite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
Unclassified
'K Feldspar
var. Adularia'
-KAlSi3O8
'Chlorite Group'-
'Gummite'-
'Cymatolite' ?-
'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series'-
'Dravite-Schorl Series'-
'K Feldspar'-
'Fergusonite' ?-

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
H AnniteKFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
H BertranditeBe4(Si2O7)(OH)2
H Opal var. Opal-ANSiO2 · nH2O
H Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
H MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
H OpalSiO2 · nH2O
H SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
H UranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
H VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
H Zircon var. CyrtoliteZr[(SiO4),(OH)4]
H Dravite-Schorl Series
BeBeryllium
Be BertranditeBe4(Si2O7)(OH)2
Be BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
BBoron
B SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
B Dravite-Schorl Series
CCarbon
C Bismutite(BiO)2CO3
C CalciteCaCO3
C CerussitePbCO3
OOxygen
O K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
O AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
O AnniteKFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
O BertranditeBe4(Si2O7)(OH)2
O Bismutite(BiO)2CO3
O BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
O CalciteCaCO3
O CerussitePbCO3
O Tantalite-(Fe)Fe2+Ta2O6
O FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
O GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
O HematiteFe2O3
O Opal var. Opal-ANSiO2 · nH2O
O Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
O MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
O MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O OpalSiO2 · nH2O
O PyrolusiteMn4+O2
O PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
O QuartzSiO2
O SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
O SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
O UraniniteUO2
O UranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
O VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
O WulfenitePb(MoO4)
O ZirconZr(SiO4)
O Zircon var. CyrtoliteZr[(SiO4),(OH)4]
O Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
O Dravite-Schorl Series
FFluorine
F FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
NaSodium
Na AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Na SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Na Dravite-Schorl Series
MgMagnesium
Mg VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Mg Dravite-Schorl Series
AlAluminium
Al K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Al AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Al AnniteKFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Al AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Al BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Al GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Al MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Al MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Al SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Al SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Al VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Al Dravite-Schorl Series
SiSilicon
Si K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Si AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Si AnniteKFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Si BertranditeBe4(Si2O7)(OH)2
Si BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Si GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Si Opal var. Opal-ANSiO2 · nH2O
Si MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Si MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Si QuartzSiO2
Si SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Si SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Si UranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Si VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Si ZirconZr(SiO4)
Si Zircon var. CyrtoliteZr[(SiO4),(OH)4]
Si Dravite-Schorl Series
PPhosphorus
P FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
P Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
P PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
SSulfur
S AcanthiteAg2S
S PyriteFeS2
ClChlorine
Cl PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
KPotassium
K K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
K AnniteKFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
K MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
K MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Ca CalciteCaCO3
Ca FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Ca GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Ca Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Ca UranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Ca VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
MnManganese
Mn PyrolusiteMn4+O2
Mn SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Mn Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
FeIron
Fe AnniteKFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Fe AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Fe Tantalite-(Fe)Fe2+Ta2O6
Fe HematiteFe2O3
Fe PyriteFeS2
Fe SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Fe VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Fe Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
Fe Dravite-Schorl Series
ZrZirconium
Zr ZirconZr(SiO4)
Zr Zircon var. CyrtoliteZr[(SiO4),(OH)4]
NbNiobium
Nb Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
MoMolybdenum
Mo WulfenitePb(MoO4)
AgSilver
Ag AcanthiteAg2S
TaTantalum
Ta Tantalite-(Fe)Fe2+Ta2O6
PbLead
Pb CerussitePbCO3
Pb PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
Pb WulfenitePb(MoO4)
BiBismuth
Bi Bismutite(BiO)2CO3
UUranium
U Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
U UraniniteUO2
U UranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O

Fossils

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Other Databases

Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethel,_Connecticut
Wikidata ID:Q263912
GeoNames ID:5280919

Localities in this Region

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

North AmericaContinent
North America PlateTectonic Plate

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