Aolunhua Mo-Cu deposit, Ar Horqin Banner (Aluke'erqin Co.), Chifeng City (Ulanhad League; Chifeng Prefecture), Inner Mongolia, Chinai

Regional Level Types
Aolunhua Mo-Cu deposit	Deposit
Ar Horqin Banner (Aluke'erqin Co.)	County
Chifeng City (Ulanhad League; Chifeng Prefecture)	Prefecture-level City
Inner Mongolia	Autonomous Region
China	Country

The strata around the Aolunhua Mo-ore deposit mainly belong to the Linxi group (P2l) of the upper Permian and the Manketou Obo group (J2 m) of the upper Jurassic, as well as the Quaternary system. The upper Permian Linxi group is mainly composed of sandstone and hornfels derived from igneous intrusions. The upper Jurassic Manketou Obo group is distributed in the northeast part of the ore area and shows a disconformable contact with the underlying Linxi group. In the ore area, faults and folds are weakly developed. However, the joints and fissures were filled with a hydrothermal solution, forming a stock work of quartz veins, which provided enough space to host the ore minerals of the Aolunhua ore deposit, where the strata were influenced by uplift intrusions. The joints developed in the granite porphyry are conspicuously different from those developed in the external contact zones. Due to the influence of the pre-metallogenic faulting and the pre-existing gneissic structure, the joints in the external contact zones are always steep, following the gneissic foliation, while, within the porphyry intrusion, there are networks of quartz veins with many different orientations.
The ore body is hosted within the inner and external contact zones of the Aolunhua granite porphyry intrusion. Mo and Cu are the two major metallogenic elements. The Mo industrial ore bodies enclosed in the porphyry rock body occupy the main part of the total reserve. It is especially enriched at the top of the rock body. The ore bodies are well preserved, occurring as stockworks. A preliminary investigation showed that there are two ore bodies, classified as the “upper” and “lower” bodies. The ore bodies in the external contact zone are mainly ore-bearing quartz veins, which are controlled by joints and fissures. The major mineralizations are molybdenitizations with the minor secondary oxidation enrichment of copper. The variations in Mo-ore grade are rather large.
In the ore body, the major ore minerals are molybdenite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, and arsenopyrite. The minor ore minerals are bornite, sphalerite, and galena. The vein minerals include quartz, feldspar, calcite, chlorite, and kaolinite. The textures of the ore are mainly granular, poikilitic, mosaic, porphyritic, and pseudomorphic. The structures of the ore are mainly impregnation, vein, stock work, and banded. The wall rocks are characterized by potash alteration, silicification, propylitization, phyllite alteration, and argillation. Among the different types of alteration, potash alteration and silicification are most closely related to metallogenesis.

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References