Valzinco Mine (Halladay Mine; Holloday Mine; Panaminus mine), Gold-Pyrite Belt, Spotsylvania County, Virginia, USAi
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Valzinco Mine (Halladay Mine; Holloday Mine; Panaminus mine) | Mine |
| Gold-Pyrite Belt | Belt |
| Spotsylvania County | County |
| Virginia | State |
| USA | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
38° 10' 34'' North , 77° 47' 51'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
Köppen climate type:
Nearest Settlements:
| Place | Population | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| Spotsylvania Courthouse | 4,239 (2011) | 18.5km |
| Mineral | 483 (2017) | 20.8km |
| Blue Ridge Shores | 813 (2011) | 21.4km |
| Louisa | 1,621 (2017) | 24.7km |
| Orange | 4,947 (2017) | 28.4km |
The Valzinco mine was worked primarily during both the First and Second World Wars. Although some galena and chalcopyrite were present the primary product was zinc. The mine was worked through a single compartment shaft 250 feet deep and a winze extending below the 350 foot level. During the first period of production the mine worked a single "vein", actually a massive sulphide lens. In the 1940's extensive drilling led to the discovery of another, smaller sulphide lens. This increase in ore reserves was enough to get a flotation mill built and get the mine back into production. The last production was in 1945 when the ore reserves were exhausted.
The ore deposit was part of the Chopawamsic formation. In the area of the Mineral District populated by VMS ore deposits the Chopawamsic rocks have been interpreted as bimodal volcanics. The bimodal nature of the country rocks has led to the Valzinco and other similar ore deposits being classified as Kuroko Type volcanogenic massive sulphides.
The Valzinco mine is northeast of the main cluster of VMS type ore deposits in the Mineral District and is located in Spotsylvania County. In recent years the site has been reclaimed in a manner similar to other former mine sites in the area.
The ore deposit was part of the Chopawamsic formation. In the area of the Mineral District populated by VMS ore deposits the Chopawamsic rocks have been interpreted as bimodal volcanics. The bimodal nature of the country rocks has led to the Valzinco and other similar ore deposits being classified as Kuroko Type volcanogenic massive sulphides.
The Valzinco mine is northeast of the main cluster of VMS type ore deposits in the Mineral District and is located in Spotsylvania County. In recent years the site has been reclaimed in a manner similar to other former mine sites in the area.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsDetailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ 'Chlorite Group' |
| ⓘ Copiapite Formula: Fe2+Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O |
| ⓘ Galena Formula: PbS |
| ⓘ Magnetite Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ Muscovite Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Native Silver Formula: Ag |
| ⓘ Pyrite Formula: FeS2 |
| ⓘ Pyrrhotite Formula: Fe1-xS |
| ⓘ Quartz Formula: SiO2 |
| ⓘ Siderite Formula: FeCO3 |
| ⓘ Sphalerite Formula: ZnS |
| ⓘ Staurolite Formula: Fe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH) |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Native Silver | 1.AA.05 | Ag |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| ⓘ | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| ⓘ | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ | Pyrrhotite | 2.CC.10 | Fe1-xS |
| ⓘ | Galena | 2.CD.10 | PbS |
| ⓘ | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Siderite | 5.AB.05 | FeCO3 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Copiapite | 7.DB.35 | Fe2+Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Staurolite | 9.AF.30 | Fe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH) |
| ⓘ | Muscovite | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Unclassified | |||
| ⓘ | 'Chlorite Group' | - | |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Copiapite | Fe2+Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Staurolite | Fe22+Al9Si4O23(OH) |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Copiapite | Fe2+Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O |
| O | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Staurolite | Fe22+Al9Si4O23(OH) |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Staurolite | Fe22+Al9Si4O23(OH) |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Staurolite | Fe22+Al9Si4O23(OH) |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Copiapite | Fe2+Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O |
| S | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| S | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| S | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Copiapite | Fe2+Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| Fe | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Staurolite | Fe22+Al9Si4O23(OH) |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Ag | Silver | |
| Ag | ⓘ Native Silver | Ag |
| Pb | Lead | |
| Pb | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
Other Databases
| Link to USGS MRDS: | 10067649 |
|---|
Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality
North AmericaContinent
North America PlateTectonic Plate
- PedmontiaAccretionary Complex
- Piedmontia DomainDomain
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