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Erionite-K

A valid IMA mineral species

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Photos of Erionite-K (99)Discuss Erionite-K

Erionite-K Gallery Search Photos of Erionite-K

Edit Erionite-K Add Synonym Edit CIF structures Clear Cache

Erionite-K

Gaulsberg quarry, Ortenberg, Wetteraukreis, Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany

Erionite-K

Chase Creek, Falkland, Kamloops Mining Division, British Columbia, Canada

Erionite-K, etc.

Chase Creek, Falkland, Kamloops Mining Division, British Columbia, Canada

Erionite-K

Gaulsberg quarry, Ortenberg, Wetteraukreis, Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany

Erionite-K

Chase Creek, Falkland, Kamloops Mining Division, British Columbia, Canada

Erionite-K, etc.

Chase Creek, Falkland, Kamloops Mining Division, British Columbia, Canada

Erionite-K

Gaulsberg quarry, Ortenberg, Wetteraukreis, Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany

Erionite-K

Chase Creek, Falkland, Kamloops Mining Division, British Columbia, Canada

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About Erionite-KHide

Formula:

(K₂,Ca,Na₂)₂[Al₄Si₁₄O₃₆] · 15H₂O

Lustre:

Vitreous

Hardness:

3½ - 4

Crystal System:

Hexagonal

Member of:

Erionite Subgroup > Zeolite Group

Name:

Named in 1898 by Arthur Starr Eakle from the Greek εριον meaning wool in allusion to the "wooly" appearance of the type material. Erionite was first found at the Durkee Fire Opal Mine, Swayze Creek, Durkee, Baker Co., Oregon (Tschernich, 1992). In modern nomenclature, the original erionite was erionite-Na, but potassium was nearly equal to sodium. Levinson Rule suffix added in allusion to K dominant excangable cations.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Rome, Malheur County, Oregon, USA

Isostructural with:

Erionite-Ca, Erionite-Na

A zeolite difficult to distinguish from offretite.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

6916

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:6916:4

Similar NamesHide

Erionite	A synonym of Erionite Subgroup
Erionite-Ca	A valid IMA mineral species	(Ca,K₂,Na₂)₂[Al₄Si₁₄O₃₆] · 15H₂O

IMA Classification of Erionite-KHide

IMA status:

Approved

IMA Formula:

K₁₀(Si₂₆Al₁₀O₇₂)·30H₂O

First published:

1964

Classification of Erionite-KHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):

9.GD.20

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
G : Tektosilicates with zeolitic H₂O; zeolite family
D : Chains of 6-membered rings – tabular zeolites

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

Symbol	Source	Reference for Standard
Eri-K	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
Eri	Whitney & Evans (2010)	Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371
Eri	Warr (2020)	Warr, L.N. (2020) Recommended abbreviations for the names of clay minerals and associated phases. Clay Minerals, 55, 261–264 doi:10.1180/clm.2020.30

Physical Properties of Erionite-KHide

Lustre:

Vitreous

Hardness:

3½ - 4 on Mohs scale

Optical Data of Erionite-KHide

Type:

Uniaxial (+)

RI values:

n_ω = 1.4711 n_ε = 1.474

Max. Birefringence:

δ = 0.003
Based on recorded range of RI values above.

Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.

Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.

Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.

Thickness: 30 µm Order divisions

Rotation:

Surface Relief:

Moderate

Chemistry of Erionite-KHide

Mindat Formula:

(K₂,Ca,Na₂)₂[Al₄Si₁₄O₃₆] · 15H₂O

Element Weights:

Element	% weight
O	54.263 %
Si	26.148 %
K	10.400 %
Al	7.177 %
H	2.011 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.

Elements listed:

Al, Ca, H, K, Na, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Chemical AnalysisHide

Empirical formulas:

Sample ID	Empirical Formula
1	(K_2.63Ca_1.57Mg_0.76Na_0.13Ba_0.01)[Si_28.62Al_7.35]O₇₂·28.3H₂O

Sample references:

ID	Locality	Reference	Notes
1	Tuzköy, Gülşehir District, Nevşehir Province, Turkey	Giacobbe et al. (2023)	most likely via EPMA; 3DED, SEM, micro-Raman

Crystallography of Erionite-KHide

Crystal System:

Hexagonal

Class (H-M):

6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) - Dihexagonal Dipyramidal

Space Group:

P6₃/mmc

Cell Parameters:

a = 13.227(1) Å, c = 15.075(3) Å

Ratio:

a:c = 1 : 1.14

Unit Cell V:

2,284.08 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Comment:

Cell parameters from Passaglia et al. 1998.

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0004973	Erionite-K	Ballirano P, Andreozzi G B, Dogan M, Dogan A U (2009) Crystal structure and iron topochemistry of erionite-K from Rome, Oregon, U.S.A. American Mineralogist 94 1262-1270		2009	Rome, Oregon, USA	0	293
0014439	Erionite-K	Staples L W, Gard J A (1959) The fibrous zeolite erionite; its occurrence, unit cell, and structure Mineralogical Magazine 32 261-281		1959	Durkee opal mine, Swayze Creek, Baker County, Oregon, USA	0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Erionite-K'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Ballirano P'
'Andreozzi G B'
'Dogan M'
'Dogan A U'
_journal_name_full 'American Mineralogist'
_journal_volume 94 
_journal_year 2009
_journal_page_first 1262
_journal_page_last 1270
_publ_section_title
;
 Crystal structure and iron topochemistry of
 erionite-K from Rome, Oregon, U.S.A.
;
_database_code_amcsd 0004973
_chemical_compound_source 'Rome, Oregon, USA'
_chemical_formula_sum 'K1.381 Na1.254 Ca.54 Mg1.116 Mn.012 (Al3.378 Si14.622) O53.466 H34.932'
_cell_length_a 13.22794
_cell_length_b 13.22794
_cell_length_c 15.06946
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 120
_cell_volume 2283.562
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      2.217
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'P 63/m m c'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '-x,-x+y,1/2+z'
  'x,x-y,1/2-z'
  '-x+y,-x,1/2-z'
  'x-y,x,1/2+z'
  '-y,-x,z'
  'y,x,-z'
  'y,-x+y,-z'
  '-y,x-y,z'
  'x-y,-y,1/2+z'
  '-x+y,y,1/2-z'
  'x,y,1/2-z'
  '-x,-y,1/2+z'
  'x,x-y,z'
  '-x,-x+y,-z'
  'x-y,x,-z'
  '-x+y,-x,z'
  'y,x,1/2+z'
  '-y,-x,1/2-z'
  '-y,x-y,1/2-z'
  'y,-x+y,1/2+z'
  '-x+y,y,z'
  'x-y,-y,-z'
  '-x,-y,-z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_occupancy
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
K1   0.00000   0.00000   0.25000   0.97600   0.02860
NaB   0.30650   0.61300   0.09020   0.20900   0.20200
CaB   0.30650   0.61300   0.09020   0.09000   0.20200
MgA   0.30800   0.61700   0.87200   0.09300   0.20200
MnB   0.30650   0.61300   0.09020   0.00200   0.20200
Al1   0.23397  -0.00016   0.10440   0.14300   0.00540
Si1   0.23397  -0.00016   0.10440   0.85700   0.00540
Si2   0.09314   0.42355   0.25000   0.72300   0.00910
Al2   0.09314   0.42355   0.25000   0.27700   0.00910
O1   0.34747   0.02431   0.66096   1.00000   0.01220
O2   0.09799   0.19600   0.12546   1.00000   0.01080
O3   0.12540   0.25080   0.63350   1.00000   0.02420
O4   0.26678   0.00000   0.00000   1.00000   0.01250
O5   0.23430   0.46860   0.25000   1.00000   0.03180
O6   0.45910   0.91820   0.25000   1.00000   0.03390
K2   0.50000   0.00000   0.00000   0.13500   0.02860
Wat1   0.22990   0.45970   0.75000   0.74400   0.08000
Wat2   0.26350   0.52690  -0.03880   0.27900   0.18200
Wat3   0.43170   0.86330   0.92100   0.37700   0.18200
Wat4   0.43520   0.87040   0.66260   0.45800   0.18200
Wat5   0.26670   0.53300   0.68100   0.36600   0.18200
Wat6   0.44350   0.88710   0.01430   0.69300   0.18200

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
11.43 Å	(100)
6.60 Å	(53)
4.32 Å	(52)
3.81 Å	(29)
3.75 Å	(50)
2.858 Å	(40)
2.843 Å	(39)
2.808 Å	(33)

Comments:

Data from Eberly 1964; type material.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 3a: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust	>4.50
10 : Basalt-hosted zeolite minerals
Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere	>4.45
14 : Hot springs, geysers, and other subaerial geothermal minerals
16 : Low-? aqueous alteration of Hadean subaerial lithologies (see also #23)
17 : Marine authigenic Hadean minerals (see also #24)
Near-surface Processes
24 : Authigenic minerals in terrestrial sediments (see also #17)
25 : Evaporites (prebiotic)

Type Occurrence of Erionite-KHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Rome, Malheur County, Oregon, USA

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

No designated type material.

Other Language Names for Erionite-KHide

Dutch:Erioniet-K

German:Erionit-K

Russian:Эрионит-K

Relationship of Erionite-K to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Erionite Subgroup > Zeolite Group

Other Members of Erionite Subgroup:

Erionite-Ca	(Ca,K₂,Na₂)₂[Al₄Si₁₄O₃₆] · 15H₂O	Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6₃/mmc
Erionite-Na	(Na₂,K₂,Ca)₂[Al₄Si₁₄O₃₆] · 15H₂O	Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6₃/mmc

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:

20 photos of Erionite-K associated with Clinoptilolite-Ca	Ca₃(Si₃₀Al₆)O₇₂ · 20H₂O
20 photos of Erionite-K associated with Tschernichite	(Ca,Na₂)[Al₂Si₄O₁₂] · 4-8H₂O
16 photos of Erionite-K associated with Phillipsite-K	K₆(Si₁₀Al₆)O₃₂ · 12H₂O
14 photos of Erionite-K associated with Clinoptilolite-Na	Na₆(Si₃₀Al₆)O₇₂ · 20H₂O
11 photos of Erionite-K associated with Offretite	KCaMg(Si₁₃Al₅)O₃₆ · 15H₂O
10 photos of Erionite-K associated with Chabazite
7 photos of Erionite-K associated with Lévyne-Ca	(Ca,Na₂,K₂)[Al₂Si₄O₁₂] · 6H₂O
6 photos of Erionite-K associated with Pyrite	FeS₂
6 photos of Erionite-K associated with Paulingite-K	(K₂,Ca,Na₂,Ba)₅[Al₁₀Si₃₅O₉₀] · 45H₂O
5 photos of Erionite-K associated with Smectite Group	A_0.3D_2-3[T₄O₁₀]Z₂ · nH₂O

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

9.GD.05	Gmelinite-Ca	Ca₂(Si₈Al₄)O₂₄ · 11H₂O	Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6₃/mmc
9.GD.05	Gmelinite-K	K₄(Si₈Al₄O₂₄) · 11H₂O	Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6₃/mmc
9.GD.05	Gmelinite-Na	Na₄(Si₈Al₄)O₂₄ · 11H₂O	Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6₃/mmc
9.GD.10	Chabazite-Mg	(Mg_0.7K_0.5Ca_0.5Na_0.1)[Al₃Si₉O₂₄] · 10H₂O	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
9.GD.10	Willhendersonite	KCa[Al₃Si₃O₁₂] · 5H₂O	Tric. 1 : P1
9.GD.10	Chabazite-Ca	(Ca,K₂,Na₂)₂[Al₂Si₄O₁₂]₂ · 12H₂O	Tric. 1 : P1
9.GD.10	Chabazite-K	(K₂,Ca,Na₂,Sr,Mg)₂[Al₂Si₄O₁₂]₂ · 12H₂O	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
9.GD.10	Chabazite-Na	(Na₂,K₂,Ca,Sr,Mg)₂[Al₂Si₄O₁₂]₂ · 12H₂O	Trig. 3m : R3m
9.GD.10	Chabazite-Sr	Sr₂[Al₂Si₄O₁₂]₂ · 12H₂O	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
9.GD.15	Lévyne-Ca	(Ca,Na₂,K₂)[Al₂Si₄O₁₂] · 6H₂O	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
9.GD.15	Lévyne-Na	(Na₂,Ca,K₂)[Al₂Si₄O₁₂] · 6H₂O	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
9.GD.20	Erionite-Ca	(Ca,K₂,Na₂)₂[Al₄Si₁₄O₃₆] · 15H₂O	Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6₃/mmc
9.GD.20	Erionite-Na	(Na₂,K₂,Ca)₂[Al₄Si₁₄O₃₆] · 15H₂O	Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6₃/mmc
9.GD.20	Bellbergite	(K,Ba,Sr)₂Sr₂Ca₂(Ca,Na)₄[Al₃Si₃O₁₂]₆ · 30H₂O	Hex.
9.GD.25	Offretite	KCaMg(Si₁₃Al₅)O₃₆ · 15H₂O	Hex. 6m2 : P6m2
9.GD.25	Wenkite	(Ba,K)₄(Ca,Na)₆[(Si,Al)₂₀O₃₉(OH)₂](SO₄)₃ · 0.5H₂O	Hex. 6m2 : P62m
9.GD.30	Faujasite-Ca	(Ca,Na₂,Mg)_3.5[Al₇Si₁₇O₄₈] · 32H₂O	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
9.GD.30	Faujasite-Mg	(Mg,Na₂,Ca)_3.5[Al₇Si₁₇O₄₈] · 32H₂O	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
9.GD.30	Faujasite-Na	(Na₂,Ca,Mg)_3.5[Al₇Si₁₇O₄₈] · 32H₂O	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
9.GD.35	Maricopaite	Pb₇Ca₂(Si,Al)₄₈O₁₀₀ · 32H₂O	Orth.
9.GD.35	Mordenite	(Na₂,Ca,K₂)₄(Al₈Si₄₀)O₉₆ · 28H₂O	Orth.
9.GD.40	Dachiardite-K	K₄(Si₂₀Al₄O₄₈) · 13H₂O	Mon.
9.GD.40	Dachiardite-Ca	(Ca,Na₂,K₂)₅Al₁₀Si₃₈O₉₆ · 25H₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.GD.40	Dachiardite-Na	(Na₂,Ca,K₂)₅Al₁₀Si₃₈O₉₆ · 25H₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.GD.45	Epistilbite	CaAl₂Si₆O₁₆ · 5H₂O	Mon.
9.GD.50	Ferrierite-K	(K,Na)₅(Si₃₁Al₅)O₇₂ · 18H₂O	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Immm
9.GD.50	Ferrierite-Mg	[Mg₂(K,Na)₂Ca_0.5](Si₂₉Al₇)O₇₂ · 18H₂O	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
9.GD.50	Ferrierite-Na	(Na,K)₅(Si₃₁Al₅)O₇₂ · 18H₂O	Mon. 2/m
9.GD.50	Ferrierite-NH4	(NH₄,Mg_0.5)₅(Al₅Si₃₁O₇₂) · 22H₂O	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Immm
9.GD.55	Bikitaite	LiAlSi₂O₆ · H₂O	Tric. 1 : P1

RadioactivityHide

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

Carcinogenic upon inhalation of its dust, due to its fibrous structure (Ref.: IARC Monography 42:225-239, 1987)

Internet Links for Erionite-KHide

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https://www.mindat.org/min-6916.html
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External Links:

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

Mineral Dealers:

Buy from D. Joyce minerals

References for Erionite-KHide

Reference List:

Eberly, P.E. (1964) Absorption properties of naturally occurring erionite and its cationic-exchanged forms. American Mineralogist, 49, 30-40.

Sheppard, Richard A., Gude, Arthur J., 3rd, (1969) Chemical composition and physical properties of the related zeolites offretite and erionite. American Mineralogist, 54 (5-6) 875-886

Gualtieri, A., Artioli, G., Passaglia, E., Bigi, S., Viani, A., Hanson, J. C. (1998) Crystal structure-crystal chemistry relationships in the zeolites erionite and offretite. American Mineralogist, 83 (5) 590-606 doi:10.2138/am-1998-5-619

Passaglia, E., Artioli, G., Gualtieri, A. (1998) Crystal chemistry of the zeolites erionite and offretite. American Mineralogist, 83 (5-6) 577-589

(2001) Erionite-K. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Giacobbe, Carlotta, Moliterni, Anna, Di Giuseppe, Dario, Malferrari, Daniele, Wright, Jonathan P., Mattioli, Michele, Ranieri, Simona, Giannini, Cinzia, Fornasini, Laura, Mugnaioli, Enrico, Ballirano, Paolo, Gualtieri, Alessandro F. (2023) The crystal structure of the killer fibre erionite from Tuzköy (Cappadocia, Turkey) IUCrJ, 10 (4) 397-410 doi:10.1107/s2052252523003500

Localities for Erionite-KHide

Showing 24 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Canada
British Columbia Kamloops Mining Division Falkland ⓘ Chase Creek	American Mineralogist +1 other reference
Mt. Savona Deadman's River ⓘ Pass Valley	Tschernich (1992)

China
Zhejiang Hangzhou Chun'an County ⓘ Xilong	Letian Du and Wenguang Wang (2012)

Czech Republic
Liberec Region Česká Lípa District Polevsko ⓘ Poustevna	Pauliš et al. (2019)
Ústí nad Labem Region Děčín District Česká Kamenice ⓘ Jehla (Nolde; Kleine Nolde)	Pauliš et al. (2015) +1 other reference
Krásná Lípa ⓘ Vápenka	P.Pauliš et al. (2014)

Germany
Hesse Darmstadt Wetteraukreis Ortenberg ⓘ Gaulsberg quarry	Dogan et al. (2008)

New Zealand
Canterbury Region Ashburton District ⓘ Gawler Downs	Rod Martin Collection
Otago Region ⓘ Moeraki Point	J. Thornton in Micro-Scope

Spain
Andalusia Almería Níjar Cabo de Gata volcanic complex ⓘ Agua Amarga	Paragénesis.Revista de Mineralogia. ...

Turkey
Nevşehir Province Gülşehir District ⓘ Tuzköy (Tuzkoy)	Giacobbe et al. (2023)

UK
Northern Ireland County Antrim ⓘ Giant's Causeway	Luigi Matei photo

Ukraine
Crimea Feodosia area ⓘ Karadag Reserve (Kara-Dag)	Domenico Preite

USA
Arizona Graham County Ash Peak Mining District Thumb Butte area ⓘ Thumb Butte	Tschernich (1992)
Maricopa County ⓘ Horseshoe Dam area (Horseshoe Dam Clinoptilolite occurrence)	AM61_853
Pinal County Dudleyville Malpais Hill ⓘ Middle railway cut	Bideaux et al. (1960) +2 other references
ⓘ North railway cut	azminerals.com
ⓘ South railway cut	Bideaux et al. (1960) +2 other references
Santa Cruz County Patagonia Mountains Patagonia Mining District Guajolote Flat ⓘ Red Mountain Mine (Red Mountain claims)	Anthony et al. (1995)
Nevada Lander County Steiner Canyon Mining District ⓘ Reese River zeolite deposit	Dogan et al. (2008)
Oregon Baker County Swayze Creek ⓘ Durkee Opal Mine	Tschernich (1992)
Lincoln County Agate Beach ⓘ Yaquina Head Quarry	Micro Probe Vol. 9 No. 3 +1 other reference
Malheur County ⓘ Rome (TL)	Coombs et al. (1997) +1 other reference
Washington Douglas County ⓘ Rock Island Dam	Tschernich et al. (1982) +1 other reference

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Erionite-K

About Erionite-KHide

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IMA Classification of Erionite-KHide

Classification of Erionite-KHide

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Physical Properties of Erionite-KHide

Optical Data of Erionite-KHide

Chemistry of Erionite-KHide

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Crystallography of Erionite-KHide

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Type Occurrence of Erionite-KHide

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Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

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