Berezanskite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Berezanskite
Formula:
K◻2Ti2Li3[Si12O30]
Colour:
White
Lustre:
Vitreous, Pearly
Hardness:
2½ - 3
Specific Gravity:
2.66
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Member of:
Name:
Named after Anatolyi Vladimirovich Berezansky (Анатолий Владимирович Березанский) (b. 1948), who mapped the geology of remote areas of the Turkestan-Alai range, in Tajikistan.
Isostructural with:
The Ti analogue of brannockite and sogdianite. Chemically somewhat similar to orlovite. The structure is based on the framework of [T(2)Li3T(1)Si12O30] group, containing, i.a., LiO4 tetrahedra. The A (Ti), B (◻), and C (K) sites are interstitial. The <C-O> distance is in inverse relation to the B site occupancy.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
6824
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:6824:2
IMA Classification of Berezanskite
Approved
IMA Formula:
KTi4+2(Li3Si12)O30
Approval year:
1996
First published:
1997
Classification of Berezanskite
9.CM.05
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
C : Cyclosilicates
M : [Si6O18]12- 6-membered double rings (sechser-Doppelringe)
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
C : Cyclosilicates
M : [Si6O18]12- 6-membered double rings (sechser-Doppelringe)
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Bzk | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Berezanskite
Vitreous, Pearly
Colour:
White
Streak:
White
Hardness:
2½ - 3 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN20=68.5 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Cleavage:
Perfect
basal cleavage {0001}
basal cleavage {0001}
Density:
2.66(2) g/cm3 (Measured) 2.674 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Berezanskite
Type:
Uniaxial (-)
RI values:
nω = 1.635 nε = 1.63
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.005
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Chemistry of Berezanskite
Mindat Formula:
K◻2Ti2Li3[Si12O30]
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Berezanskite
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Class (H-M):
6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) - Dihexagonal Dipyramidal
Space Group:
P6/mcc
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.903 Å, c = 14.274 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.441
Unit Cell V:
1211.9 ų
Z:
2
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 7.15 Å | (40) |
| 4.29 Å | (50) |
| 4.07 Å | (85) |
| 3.57 Å | (80) |
| 3.16 Å | (100) |
| 2.895 Å | (95) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks |
Type Occurrence of Berezanskite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Occurs as aggregates, up to 2x3 mm, and as vein-like aggregates to 3x20 mm, consisting of platy grains up to 0.6 mm across.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Mining museum of the St. Petersburg Mining Institute, Russia and in the Ilmen Natural Reserve museum, Miass, Russia.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Berezanskite
Other Language Names for Berezanskite
Dutch:Berezanskiet
German:Berezanskit
Simplified Chinese:钛锂大隅石
Spanish:Berezanskita
Traditional Chinese:鈦鋰大隅石
Relationship of Berezanskite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Osumilite Group:
| Agakhanovite-(Y) | K◻2(YCa)Be3[Si12O30] | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc |
| Almarudite | K◻2Mn2+2(Be2Al)[Si12O30] | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mmm |
| Aluminosugilite | KNa2Al2Li3[Si12O30] | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc |
| Armenite | Ba(H2O)2Ca2Al3[Al3Si9O30] | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnna |
| Brannockite | K◻2Sn2Li3[Si12O30] | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc |
| Chayesite | K◻2Mg2(Mg2Fe3+)[Si12O30] | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc |
| Darapiosite | KNa2Mn2(Zn2Li)[Si12O30] | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc |
| Dusmatovite | K(K◻)Mn2+2Zn3[Si12O30] | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc |
| Eifelite | KNa2(MgNa)Mg3[Si12O30] | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc |
| Friedrichbeckeite | K(◻Na)Mg2(Be2Mg)[Si12O30] | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc |
| Klöchite | K◻2(Fe2+Fe3+)Zn3[Si12O30] | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc |
| Laurentthomasite | K◻2Mg2(Be2Al)[Si12O30] | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc |
| Merrihueite | K(◻Na)Fe2+2Fe2+3[Si12O30] | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc |
| Milarite | K(◻H2O)Ca2(Be2Al)[Si12O30] | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc |
| Oftedalite | K◻2(ScCa)Be3[Si12O30] | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc |
| Osumilite | K◻2Fe2+2Al3[Al2Si10O30] | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc |
| Osumilite-(Mg) | K◻2Mg2Al3[Al2Si10O30] | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc |
| Plechovite | Ca2[K(H2O)]KBe3Si12O30 | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc |
| Poudretteite | K◻2Na2B3[Si12O30] | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc |
| Roedderite | K(◻Na)Mg2Mg3[Si12O30] | Hex. 6m2 : P62c |
| Shibkovite | K(◻K)Ca2Zn3[Si12O30] | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc |
| Sogdianite | K◻2Zr2Li3[Si12O30] | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc |
| Sugilite | KNa2Fe3+2Li3[Si12O30] | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc |
| Trattnerite | ◻(◻)2Fe3+2Mg3[Si12O30] | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc |
| 'UM1990-73-SiO:KMnNaZn' | K(KNa0.5◻0.5)(Mn1.5Na0.5)Zn3[Si12O30] | Hex. |
| 'Unnamed (Mn3+-dominant analog of Sugilite)' | KNa2Mn3+2Li3[Si12O30] | |
| Yagiite | Na◻2Mg2Al3[Al2Si10O30] | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.CM. | Agakhanovite-(Y) | K◻2(YCa)Be3[Si12O30] |
| 9.CM. | Plechovite | Ca2[K(H2O)]KBe3Si12O30 |
| 9.CM.05 | Friedrichbeckeite | K(◻Na)Mg2(Be2Mg)[Si12O30] |
| 9.CM.05 | Laurentthomasite | K◻2Mg2(Be2Al)[Si12O30] |
| 9.CM.05 | 'UM1990-73-SiO:KMnNaZn' | K(KNa0.5◻0.5)(Mn1.5Na0.5)Zn3[Si12O30] |
| 9.CM.05 | Eifelite | KNa2(MgNa)Mg3[Si12O30] |
| 9.CM.05 | Almarudite | K◻2Mn2+2(Be2Al)[Si12O30] |
| 9.CM.05 | Armenite | Ba(H2O)2Ca2Al3[Al3Si9O30] |
| 9.CM.05 | Merrihueite | K(◻Na)Fe2+2Fe2+3[Si12O30] |
| 9.CM.05 | Oftedalite | K◻2(ScCa)Be3[Si12O30] |
| 9.CM.05 | Roedderite | K(◻Na)Mg2Mg3[Si12O30] |
| 9.CM.05 | Shibkovite | K(◻K)Ca2Zn3[Si12O30] |
| 9.CM.05 | Sogdianite | K◻2Zr2Li3[Si12O30] |
| 9.CM.05 | Milarite | K(◻H2O)Ca2(Be2Al)[Si12O30] |
| 9.CM.05 | Poudretteite | K◻2Na2B3[Si12O30] |
| 9.CM.05 | Darapiosite | KNa2Mn2(Zn2Li)[Si12O30] |
| 9.CM.05 | Chayesite | K◻2Mg2(Mg2Fe3+)[Si12O30] |
| 9.CM.05 | Osumilite-(Mg) | K◻2Mg2Al3[Al2Si10O30] |
| 9.CM.05 | Osumilite | K◻2Fe2+2Al3[Al2Si10O30] |
| 9.CM.05 | Sugilite | KNa2Fe3+2Li3[Si12O30] |
| 9.CM.05 | Trattnerite | ◻(◻)2Fe3+2Mg3[Si12O30] |
| 9.CM.05 | Brannockite | K◻2Sn2Li3[Si12O30] |
| 9.CM.05 | Klöchite | K◻2(Fe2+Fe3+)Zn3[Si12O30] |
| 9.CM.05 | Dusmatovite | K(K◻)Mn2+2Zn3[Si12O30] |
| 9.CM.05 | Yagiite | Na◻2Mg2Al3[Al2Si10O30] |
| 9.CM.9.CM. | Aluminosugilite | KNa2Al2Li3[Si12O30] |
| 9.CM.10 | Faizievite | K2Na(Ca6Na)Ti4Li6[Si6O18]2[Si12O30]F2 |
Radioactivity
Radioactivity:
| Element | % Content | Activity (Bq/kg) | Radiation Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Uranium (U) | 0.0000% | 0 | α, β, γ |
| Thorium (Th) | 0.0000% | 0 | α, β, γ |
| Potassium (K) | 4.0197% | 1,246 | β, γ |
For comparison:
- Banana: ~15 Bq per fruit
- Granite: 1,000–3,000 Bq/kg
- EU exemption limit: 10,000 Bq/kg
Note: Risk is shown relative to daily recommended maximum exposure to non-background radiation of 1000 µSv/year. Note that natural background radiation averages around 2400 µSv/year so in reality these risks are probably extremely overstated! With infrequent handling and safe storage natural radioactive minerals do not usually pose much risk.
Interactive Simulator:
Note: The mass selector refers to the mass of radioactive mineral present, not the full specimen, also be aware that the matrix may also be radioactive, possibly more radioactive than this mineral!
Activity: –
| Distance | Dose rate | Risk |
|---|---|---|
| 1 cm | ||
| 10 cm | ||
| 1 m |
The external dose rate (D) from a radioactive mineral is estimated by summing the gamma radiation contributions from its Uranium, Thorium, and Potassium content, disregarding daughter-product which may have a significant effect in some cases (eg 'pitchblende'). This involves multiplying the activity (A, in Bq) of each element by its specific gamma ray constant (Γ), which accounts for its unique gamma emissions. The total unshielded dose at 1 cm is then scaled by the square of the distance (r, in cm) and multiplied by a shielding factor (μshield). This calculation provides a 'worst-case' or 'maximum risk' estimate because it assumes the sample is a point source and entirely neglects any self-shielding where radiation is absorbed within the mineral itself, meaning actual doses will typically be lower. The resulting dose rate (D) is expressed in microsieverts per hour (μSv/h).
D = ((AU × ΓU) + (ATh × ΓTh) + (AK × ΓK)) / r2 × μshield
Fluorescence of Berezanskite
Bright bluish white fluorescence in short-wave ultraviolet light
Other Information
IR Spectrum:
Absorption bands at 465, 540, 620, 790, 980, and 1130 cm-1.
Notes:
Insoluble in water or 1:1 HCl
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Berezanskite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-6824.html
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Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Berezanskite
Reference List:
Pautov, L. A., Agakhanov, A. A. (1997) Berezanskite KLi3Ti2Si12O30 – a new mineral. Zapiski Vserossijskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva, 126 (4) 75-80
Hawthorne, F. C., Sokolova, E., Pautov, L.A., Agakhanov, A. A., Karpenko, V. Yu. (2016) Refinement of the crystal structure of berezanskite, Ti22KLi3(Si12O30) Mineralogical Magazine, 80 (5) 733-737 doi:10.1180/minmag.2016.080.022
Localities for Berezanskite
Showing 2 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Spain | |
| Dill et al. (2023) |
Tajikistan (TL) | |
| Pautov et al. (1997) +2 other references |
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Dara-i-Pioz Massif, Districts of Republican Subordination, Tajikistan