Radvaniceite
A valid IMA mineral species
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Radvanice, Czech Republic
Formula:
GeS2
Colour:
White to yellowish grey
Lustre:
Adamantine, Vitreous
Specific Gravity:
3.05 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named after the type locality.
The most simple natural Ge sulfide. Known synthetic analogue. Compare, e.g., 'Unnamed (Ge-As Sulphide)' and argyrodite.
Natural analogue of synthetic, monoclinic, low-temperature β-GeS2. It represents GeS4 tetrahedra, that share corners to form 4-tetrahedra chains (interconnected).
Not isostructural with its chemical Sn analogue, berndtite (not a true analogy). Also not isostructural with synthetic SiS2.
Formed under reducing conditions, via direct crystallization from hot Cl- and F-bearing gasses (250–350 °C), i.e., desublimation (condensation); at a depth of 30–60 cm under the surface of a post-coal-mining waste heap.
Natural analogue of synthetic, monoclinic, low-temperature β-GeS2. It represents GeS4 tetrahedra, that share corners to form 4-tetrahedra chains (interconnected).
Not isostructural with its chemical Sn analogue, berndtite (not a true analogy). Also not isostructural with synthetic SiS2.
Formed under reducing conditions, via direct crystallization from hot Cl- and F-bearing gasses (250–350 °C), i.e., desublimation (condensation); at a depth of 30–60 cm under the surface of a post-coal-mining waste heap.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
55604
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:55604:6
IMA Classification of Radvaniceite
Approved
IMA Formula:
GeS2-2
Approval year:
2021
First published:
2022
Approval history:
IMA No. 2021-052
Classification of Radvaniceite
2.EA.
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
A : M:S = 1:2 - With Cu, Ag, Au
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
A : M:S = 1:2 - With Cu, Ag, Au
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Rad | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Radvaniceite
Adamantine, Vitreous
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
White to yellowish grey
Streak:
White
Tenacity:
Elastic
Density:
3.05 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Radvaniceite
Anisotropism:
Distinct with grey rotation tints
Bireflectance:
None
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 (%) | R2 (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 400nm | 13.1% | 13.6% |
| 420nm | 14.2% | 15.9% |
| 440nm | 14.8% | 17.6% |
| 460nm | 15.2% | 18.5% |
| 470nm | 15.4% | 18.8% |
| 480nm | 15.5% | 19.1% |
| 500nm | 15.7% | 19.6% |
| 520nm | 15.9% | 20.0% |
| 540nm | 16.0% | 20.3% |
| 546nm | 16.1% | 20.4% |
| 560nm | 16.2% | 20.6% |
| 580nm | 16.4% | 20.8% |
| 589nm | 16.4% | 20.8% |
| 600nm | 16.6% | 20.9% |
| 620nm | 16.8% | 20.9% |
| 640nm | 16.9% | 20.9% |
| 650nm | 16.9% | 20.9% |
| 660nm | 17.0% | 20.9% |
| 680nm | 17.2% | 20.8% |
| 700nm | 17.3% | 20.7% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 20.9%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
Light gray
Internal Reflections:
White to grey
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
From colourless to pale greenish yellow.
Comments:
Refraction index > 1.8.
Chemistry of Radvaniceite
Mindat Formula:
GeS2
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Radvaniceite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
m - Domatic
Space Group:
Pb
Setting:
Pc
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.883(1) Å, b = 22.501(3) Å, c = 6.808(1) Å
β = 120.365(9)°
β = 120.365(9)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.306 : 1 : 0.303
Unit Cell V:
909.75 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
12
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 5.739 Å | (5) |
| 5.207 Å | (16) |
| 3.365 Å | (32) |
| 2.842 Å | (33) |
| 2.824 Å | (16) |
| 2.813 Å | (20) |
| 2.626 Å | (19) |
| 2.327 Å | (13) |
Type Occurrence of Radvaniceite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Occurs as aggregates resembling cotton tufts up to 5 mm in size; they are composed of acicular crystals (somewhat resembling bent wires) up to fibres about 1–5 μm thick and up to 3 mm in length; also irregular grains, 10–50 μm, in aggregates.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Type material deposition: mineralogical collections of the Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, National Museum in Prague, Cirkusová 1740, Praha 9, Czech Republic, catalogue no. P1P 9/2021.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
A burning coal mine dump.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Radvaniceite
Other Language Names for Radvaniceite
Dutch:Radvaniceiet
German:Radvaniceit
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 2.EA. | Zavyalovite | Ag2TeS3 |
| 2.EA.05 | Sylvanite | AgAuTe4 |
| 2.EA.10 | Calaverite | AuTe2 |
| 2.EA.15 | Kostovite | CuAuTe4 |
| 2.EA.15 | Krennerite | Au3AgTe8 |
| 2.EA.20 | Melonite | NiTe2 |
| 2.EA.20 | Merenskyite | PdTe2 |
| 2.EA.20 | Ognitite | NiBiTe |
| 2.EA.20 | Shuangfengite | IrTe2 |
| 2.EA.20 | Berndtite | SnS2 |
| 2.EA.20 | Sudovikovite | PtSe2 |
| 2.EA.20 | Kitkaite | NiTeSe |
| 2.EA.20 | Moncheite | Pt(Te,Bi)2 |
| 2.EA.25 | Verbeekite | PdSe2 |
| 2.EA.30 | Drysdallite | MoSe2 |
| 2.EA.30 | Jordisite | MoS2 |
| 2.EA.30 | Molybdenite | MoS2 |
| 2.EA.30 | Tungstenite | WS2 |
| 2.EA.40 | Pampaloite | AuSbTe |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Radvaniceite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-55604.html
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References for Radvaniceite
Reference List:
Miyawaki, Ritsuro, Hatert, Frédéric, Pasero, Marco, Mills, Stuart J. (2021) IMA Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC) CNMNC Newsletter No 63. Mineralogical Magazine, 85 (6) 910-915 doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.74
Localities for Radvaniceite
Showing 2 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Czech Republic (TL) | |
| Miyawaki et al. (2021) +2 other references |
USA | |
| Lapham et al. (1980) |
