Stangersite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Stangersite
Formula:
SnGeS3
Colour:
Orange to yellowish red
Lustre:
Adamantine, Vitreous
Hardness:
2
Specific Gravity:
3.98 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named for its chemical constituents: Sn (stannum), Ge (germanium) and S (sulphur).
Previously here as: Unnamed (Sn-Ge Sulphide). Approved in 2020. Unique combination of elements.
Not a structural, but chemical (Ge) analogue of ottemannite.
SnGeS3 formed under reducing conditions by direct crystallization from hot gasses (250–300°C) at a depth of 30–60 cm under the surface of a burning coal mine dump; phases of the SnGeS3-PbGeS3 series, also occurring in the dump, exhibit an extensive solid solution between Pb and Sn limited to 70 mol. % Pb in the Sn position (Sejkora et al., 2001).
Other simple Ge sulfides are also known from the type locality. Ge sulfides are also known from this locality: https://www.mindat.org/loc-4079.html
Not a structural, but chemical (Ge) analogue of ottemannite.
SnGeS3 formed under reducing conditions by direct crystallization from hot gasses (250–300°C) at a depth of 30–60 cm under the surface of a burning coal mine dump; phases of the SnGeS3-PbGeS3 series, also occurring in the dump, exhibit an extensive solid solution between Pb and Sn limited to 70 mol. % Pb in the Sn position (Sejkora et al., 2001).
Other simple Ge sulfides are also known from the type locality. Ge sulfides are also known from this locality: https://www.mindat.org/loc-4079.html
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
39609
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:39609:1
IMA Classification of Stangersite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Sn2+Ge4+S2-3
First published:
2020
Classification of Stangersite
2.DB.
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
D : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 3 :4 and 2:3
B : M:S = 2:3
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
D : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 3 :4 and 2:3
B : M:S = 2:3
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Sgs | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Stangersite
Adamantine, Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Orange to yellowish red
Streak:
Very light yellowish
Hardness:
2 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
Perpendicular and oblique to elongation of crystals.
Tenacity note: brittle in aggregates, elastic to flexible in acicular crystals.
Perpendicular and oblique to elongation of crystals.
Tenacity note: brittle in aggregates, elastic to flexible in acicular crystals.
Density:
3.98 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Stangersite
Anisotropism:
Strong, dark brownish grey to reddish-brown or brownish violet rotation tints
Bireflectance:
Not observed due to internal reflections
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 (%) | R2 (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 400nm | 39.3% | 39.3% |
| 440nm | 30.9% | 31.6% |
| 470nm | 27.8% | 28.7% |
| 500nm | 25.8% | 27.2% |
| 520nm | 25.1% | 26.4% |
| 546nm | 25.0% | 26.2% |
| 560nm | 25.3% | 26.5% |
| 589nm | 25.2% | 26.9% |
| 600nm | 25.6% | 27.3% |
| 620nm | 25.2% | 27.4% |
| 650nm | 25.6% | 28.1% |
| 680nm | 25.7% | 28.9% |
| 700nm | 25.8% | 29.0% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 39.3%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
Light greyish white
Internal Reflections:
Distinct orange-brown
Comments:
Not observed due to internal reflections
Chemistry of Stangersite
Mindat Formula:
SnGeS3
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Stangersite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Setting:
P21/c
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.270(1) Å, b = 10.197(2) Å, c = 6.846(1) Å
β = 105.34(3)°
β = 105.34(3)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.713 : 1 : 0.671
Unit Cell V:
489.5 ų
Z:
4
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 7.006 Å | (100) |
| 4.135 Å | (49) |
| 3.077 Å | (47) |
| 2.810 Å | (29) |
| 2.776 Å | (38) |
| 2.699 Å | (69) |
| 2.121 Å | (31) |
| 1.724 Å | (35) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
| 50 : Coal and/or oil shale minerals | <0.36 |
| Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals | <10 Ka |
| 54 : Coal and other mine fire minerals (see also #51 and #56) |
Type Occurrence of Stangersite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Well-formed, flattened, acicular crystals with a cross-section of 2–5×20–40 μm and up to 1 cm in length. Random or fan-shaped clusters on rock fragments and on crumbly black ash.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
mineralogical collections of the Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, National Museum in Prague, Cirkusová 1740, 19300 Prague 9, Czech Republic, catalogue number P1P 8/2000
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Burning coal mine waste dump. Formed by reducing conditions by direct crystallization from hot gasses (250–350°C) containing Cl and F, at a depth of 30–60 cm under the surface of the dump.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Stangersite
Other Language Names for Stangersite
Dutch:Stangersiet
German:Stangersit
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 2.DB.05 | Antimonselite | Sb2Se3 |
| 2.DB.05 | Metastibnite | Sb2S3 |
| 2.DB.05 | Pääkkönenite | Sb2AsS2 |
| 2.DB.05 | Bismuthinite | Bi2S3 |
| 2.DB.05 | Stibnite | Sb2S3 |
| 2.DB.05 | Guanajuatite | Bi2Se3 |
| 2.DB.10 | Suredaite | PbSnS3 |
| 2.DB.10 | Ottemannite | Sn2S3 |
| 2.DB.15 | Kashinite | Ir2S3 |
| 2.DB.15 | Bowieite | Rh2S3 |
| 2.DB.20 | Montbrayite | (Au,Ag,Sb,Bi,Pb)23(Te,Sb,Bi,Pb)38 |
| 2.DB.25 | Edgarite | FeNb3S6 |
| 2.DB.30 | Tarkianite | (Cu,Fe)(Re,Mo)4S8 |
| 2.DB.35 | Cameronite | Cu5-x(Cu,Ag)3+xTe10 (x = 0.43) |
| 2.DB.40 | 'Schreibersite (of Shephard)' | Cr2S3 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Stangersite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-39609.html
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References for Stangersite
Reference List:
Miyawaki, Ritsuro, Hatert, Frédéric, Pasero, Marco, Mills, Stuart J. (2020) IMA Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC) - Newsletter 54. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (2) 275-283 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-275-2020
Localities for Stangersite
Showing 1 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Czech Republic (TL) | |
| Sejkora et al. (2001) +1 other reference |
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Kateřina Coal Mine, Radvanice, Trutnov District, Hradec Králové Region, Czech Republic