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Kerimasite

A valid IMA mineral species

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Kerimasite

Magnet Cove, Hot Spring County, Arkansas, USA

Kerimasite, etc.

Magnet Cove, Hot Spring County, Arkansas, USA

Kerimasite

Magnet Cove, Hot Spring County, Arkansas, USA

Kerimasite, etc.

Magnet Cove, Hot Spring County, Arkansas, USA

Kerimasite

Magnet Cove, Hot Spring County, Arkansas, USA

Kerimasite, etc.

Magnet Cove, Hot Spring County, Arkansas, USA

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About KerimasiteHide

Kerimasi volcano, Tanzania

Formula:

Ca₃Zr₂(SiO₄)(Fe³⁺O₄)₂

Colour:

light to dark brown

Lustre:

Vitreous

Hardness:

Specific Gravity:

4.105 (Calculated)

Crystal System:

Isometric

Member of:

Schorlomite Group > Garnet Supergroup

Name:

Named for the Kerimasi volcano, Tanzania, the type locality.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Kerimasi volcano, Monduli District, Arusha Region, Tanzania

Ferric iron analogue of kimzeyite and Zr-analogue of toturite.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

39563

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:39563:0

Similar NamesHide

Keramsite	A variety of Clay minerals
Kermesite	A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered	Sb₂S₂O

IMA Classification of KerimasiteHide

IMA status:

Approved

IMA Formula:

Ca₃Zr⁴⁺₂(Fe³⁺₂Si)O₁₂

Approval year:

2009

First published:

2010

Type description reference:

Zaitsev, A. N., Williams, C. T., Britvin, S. N., Kuznetsova, I. V., Spratt, J., Petrov, S. V., Keller, J. (2010) Kerimasite, Ca₃Zr₂(Fe₂³⁺Si)O₁₂, a new garnet from carbonatites of Kerimasi volcano and surrounding explosion craters, northern Tanzania. Mineralogical Magazine, 74 (5) 803-820 doi:10.1180/minmag.2010.074.5.803

Classification of KerimasiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):

9.AD.25

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
D : Nesosilicates without additional anions; cations in [6] and/or greater coordination

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference for Standard
Kms	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of KerimasiteHide

Lustre:

Vitreous

Transparency:

Transparent

Colour:

Light to dark brown

Hardness:

7 on Mohs scale

Hardness:

VHN₂₅=1168 - 1288 kg/mm² - Vickers

Tenacity:

Brittle

Cleavage:

None Observed

Parting:

Not observed.

Density:

4.105(1) g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of KerimasiteHide

Type:

Isotropic

RI values:

n = 1.945(5)

Surface Relief:

Very High

Comments:

Yellowish-greenish colour
Optically heterogeneous, isotropic to anisotropic

Chemistry of KerimasiteHide

Mindat Formula:

Ca₃Zr₂(SiO₄)(Fe³⁺O₄)₂

Element Weights:

Element	% weight
O	30.261 %
Zr	28.757 %
Ca	18.951 %
Fe	17.604 %
Si	4.427 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.

Elements listed:

Ca, Fe, O, Si, Zr - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of KerimasiteHide

Crystal System:

Isometric

Class (H-M):

m3m(4/m32/m) - Hexoctahedral

Space Group:

Ia3d

Setting:

Ia3d

Cell Parameters:

a = 12.549(1) Å

Unit Cell V:

1976.2 Å³

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Year	Locality	Temp (K)
0018324	Kerimasite	Zaitsev A N, Williams C T, Britvin S N, Kuznetsova I V, Spratt J, Petrov S V, Keller J (2010) Kerimasite, Ca3Zr2(Fe3+2Si)O12, a new garnet from carbonatites of Kerimasi volcano and surrounding explosion craters, northern Tanzania Mineralogical Magazine 74 803-820	2010	Kerimasi volcano, Tanzania	293
0014052	Kerimasite	Whittle K R, Lumpkin G R, Berry F J, Oates G, Smith K L, Yudintsev S, Zaluzec N J (2007) The structure and ordering of zirconium and hafnium containing garnets studied by electron channelling, neutron diffraction and Mossbauer spectroscopy Journal of Solid State Chemistry 180 785-791	2007	synthetic	293
0014052	Kerimasite	Whittle K R, Lumpkin G R, Berry F J, Oates G, Smith K L, Yudintsev S, Zaluzec N J (2007) The structure and ordering of zirconium and hafnium containing garnets studied by electron channelling, neutron diffraction and Mossbauer spectroscopy Journal of Solid State Chemistry 180 785-791	2007	synthetic	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Kerimasite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Zaitsev A N'
'Williams C T'
'Britvin S N'
'Kuznetsova I V'
'Spratt J'
'Petrov S V'
'Keller J'
_journal_name_full 'Mineralogical Magazine'
_journal_volume 74 
_journal_year 2010
_journal_page_first 803
_journal_page_last 820
_publ_section_title
;
 Kerimasite, Ca3Zr2(Fe3+2Si)O12, a new garnet from carbonatites of Kerimasi volcano
 and surrounding explosion craters, northern Tanzania
;
_database_code_amcsd 0018324
_chemical_compound_source 'Kerimasi volcano, Tanzania'
_chemical_formula_sum '(Ca2.88 La.09 Mn.03) (Zr1.46 Nb.44 Mg.1) (Fe1.32 Al.84 Si.75 Ti.09) O12'
_cell_length_a 12.5512
_cell_length_b 12.5512
_cell_length_c 12.5512
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 1977.224
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      4.164
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'I a 3 d'
loop_
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  '1/4-y,3/4+x,1/4+z'
  '1/4+x,1/4+z,1/4+y'
  '3/4+x,3/4+z,3/4+y'
  '1/4-z,1/4-y,1/4-x'
  '3/4-z,3/4-y,3/4-x'
  '1/4+y,1/4+x,1/4+z'
  '3/4+y,3/4+x,3/4+z'
  '1/4-x,1/4-z,1/4-y'
  '3/4-x,3/4-z,3/4-y'
  '1/4+z,1/4+y,1/4+x'
  '3/4+z,3/4+y,3/4+x'
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  '+z,-x,1/2-y'
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  '-y,+z,1/2+x'
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  '+x,-y,1/2-z'
  '3/4-x,3/4+z,1/4-y'
  '1/4-x,1/4+z,3/4-y'
  '3/4+z,3/4-y,1/4+x'
  '1/4+z,1/4-y,3/4+x'
  '3/4-y,3/4+x,1/4-z'
  '1/4-y,1/4+x,3/4-z'
  '3/4+x,3/4-z,1/4+y'
  '1/4+x,1/4-z,3/4+y'
  '3/4-z,3/4+y,1/4-x'
  '1/4-z,1/4+y,3/4-x'
  '3/4+y,3/4-x,1/4+z'
  '1/4+y,1/4-x,3/4+z'
  '1/4-x,3/4-z,3/4+y'
  '3/4-x,1/4-z,1/4+y'
  '1/4+z,3/4+y,3/4-x'
  '3/4+z,1/4+y,1/4-x'
  '1/4-y,3/4-x,3/4+z'
  '3/4-y,1/4-x,1/4+z'
  '1/4+x,3/4+z,3/4-y'
  '3/4+x,1/4+z,1/4-y'
  '1/4-z,3/4-y,3/4+x'
  '3/4-z,1/4-y,1/4+x'
  '1/4+y,3/4+x,3/4-z'
  '3/4+y,1/4+x,1/4-z'
  '-z,-x,-y'
  '1/2-z,1/2-x,1/2-y'
  'y,z,x'
  '1/2+y,1/2+z,1/2+x'
  '-x,-y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2-y,1/2-z'
  'z,x,y'
  '1/2+z,1/2+x,1/2+y'
  '-y,-z,-x'
  '1/2-y,1/2-z,1/2-x'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_occupancy
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
CaX   0.12500   0.00000   0.25000   0.96000   0.00480
LaX   0.12500   0.00000   0.25000   0.03000   0.00480
MnX   0.12500   0.00000   0.25000   0.01000   0.00480
ZrY   0.00000   0.00000   0.00000   0.73000   0.00930
NbY   0.00000   0.00000   0.00000   0.22000   0.00930
MgY   0.00000   0.00000   0.00000   0.05000   0.00930
FeZ   0.37500   0.00000   0.25000   0.44000   0.01300
AlZ   0.37500   0.00000   0.25000   0.28000   0.01300
SiZ   0.37500   0.00000   0.25000   0.25000   0.01300
TiZ   0.37500   0.00000   0.25000   0.03000   0.01300
O   0.03300   0.05090   0.65190   1.00000   0.01160

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
4.441 Å	(41)
3.140 Å	(91)
2.808 Å	(70)
2.564 Å	(93)
1.985 Å	(21)
1.741 Å	(26)
1.677 Å	(100)
1.403 Å	(17)

Locality:

Kerimasi volcano, Monduli District, Arusha Region, Tanzania

Reference:

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks	>3.0
36 : Carbonatites, kimberlites, and related igneous rocks

Type Occurrence of KerimasiteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Kerimasi volcano, Monduli District, Arusha Region, Tanzania

General Appearance of Type Material:

subhedral crystals up to 100 µm in calcite carbonatites; euhedral to subhedral crystals up to 180 µm in carbonatite eluvium.

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

1) Natural History Museum, London, UK (catalogue BM.1995,P6(47) and BM.1995,P6(22))
2) Mineralogical Museum, Department of Mineralogy, Faculty of Geology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia (catalogue number 1/19363)

Geological Setting of Type Material:

Calcite carbonatites; carbonatite eluvium.

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Baddeleyite	Calcite	Fluorapatite	Forsterite	Magnesioferrite
Pyrochlore Group

Reference:

Synonyms of KerimasiteHide

IMA2009-029

Other Language Names for KerimasiteHide

Dutch:Kerimasiet

German:Kerimasit

Japanese:ケリマシ石

Spanish:Kerimasita

Relationship of Kerimasite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Schorlomite Group > Garnet Supergroup

Other Members of Schorlomite Group:

Hutcheonite	Ca₃Ti₂(SiO₄)(AlO₄)₂	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
Irinarassite	Ca₃Sn₂(SiO₄)(AlO₄)₂	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
Kimzeyite	Ca₃Zr₂(SiO₄)(AlO₄)₂	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
Schorlomite	Ca₃Ti₂(SiO₄)(Fe³⁺O₄)₂	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
Toturite	Ca₃Sn₂(SiO₄)(Fe³⁺O₄)₂	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:

1 photo of Kerimasite associated with Perovskite	CaTiO₃
1 photo of Kerimasite associated with Bitikleite	Ca₃(Sb⁵⁺Sn⁴⁺)[AlO₄]₃
1 photo of Kerimasite associated with Lakargiite	Ca(Zr,Sn,Ti)O₃

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

9.AD.	Adrianite	Ca₁₂(Al₄Mg₃Si₇)O₃₂Cl₆	Iso. 43m : I43d
9.AD.05	Larnite	Ca₂SiO₄	Mon. 2/m
9.AD.10	Calcio-olivine	Ca₂SiO₄	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
9.AD.15	Merwinite	Ca₃Mg(SiO₄)₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
9.AD.20	Bredigite	Ca₇Mg(SiO₄)₄	Orth. mm2 : Pnn2
9.AD.25	Midbarite	Ca₃Mg₂(V⁵⁺₂Si)O₁₂	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
9.AD.25	Menzerite-(Y)	(Y₂Ca)Mg₂(SiO₄)₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
9.AD.25	Uvarovite	Ca₃Cr³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
9.AD.25	Eltyubyuite	Ca₁₂Fe³⁺₁₀Si₄O₃₂Cl₆	Iso. 43m : I43d
9.AD.25	Eringaite	Ca₃Sc₂(SiO₄)₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
9.AD.25	Henritermierite	Ca₃Mn³⁺₂(SiO₄)₂[◻(OH)₄]	Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4₁/acd
9.AD.25 va	'Hydrougrandite'	(Ca,Mg,Fe²⁺)₃(Fe³⁺,Al)₂[(OH)₄(SiO₄)₂]	Iso.
9.AD.25	Calderite	Mn²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
9.AD.25	Nikmelnikovite	Ca₁₂(Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₃Al₃◻)[SiO₄]₆[◻(OH)₄]₅◻₄	Trig. 3 : R3
9.AD.25	Hutcheonite	Ca₃Ti₂(SiO₄)(AlO₄)₂	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
9.AD.25	Wadalite	(Ca,Mg)₆(Al,Fe³⁺)₄((Si,Al)O₄)₃O₄Cl₃	Iso. 43m : I43d
9.AD.25	Rubinite	Ca₃Ti³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
9.AD.25	Holtstamite	Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₂[◻(OH)₄]	Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4₁/acd
9.AD.25	Spessartine	Mn²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
9.AD.25	Toturite	Ca₃Sn₂(SiO₄)(Fe³⁺O₄)₂	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
9.AD.25	Kimzeyite	Ca₃Zr₂(SiO₄)(AlO₄)₂	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
9.AD.25	'Khoharite'	Mg₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃
9.AD.25	Irinarassite	Ca₃Sn₂(SiO₄)(AlO₄)₂	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
9.AD.25	Knorringite	Mg₃Cr³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
9.AD.25	Goldmanite	Ca₃V³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
9.AD.25	'Blythite'	Mn²⁺₃Mn³⁺₂[SiO₄]₃
9.AD.25	'Skiagite'	Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂[SiO₄]₃
9.AD.25	'UM1984-37-SiO:CrMn'	Mn²⁺₃Cr³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃
9.AD.25	Almandine	Fe²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
9.AD.25 va	'Yamatoite'	(Mn²⁺,Ca)₃(V³⁺,Al)₂(SiO₄)₃	Iso.
9.AD.25	Momoiite	Mn²⁺₃V³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
9.AD.25	Grossular	Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
9.AD.25	Andradite	Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
9.AD.25	Morimotoite	Ca₃(TiFe²⁺)(SiO₄)₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
9.AD.25	Majorite	Mg₃(MgSi)(SiO₄)₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
9.AD.25	Pyrope	Mg₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
9.AD.25	Schorlomite	Ca₃Ti₂(SiO₄)(Fe³⁺O₄)₂	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
9.AD.30	Hafnon	Hf(SiO₄)	Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4₁/amd
9.AD.30	Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)	Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4₁/amd
9.AD.30	Coffinite	U(SiO₄) · nH₂O	Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4₁/amd
9.AD.30	Thorite	Th(SiO₄)	Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4₁/amd
9.AD.30 va	'Auerlite'	near Th(Si,P)O₄
9.AD.30	Stetindite-(Ce)	Ce⁴⁺SiO₄	Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4₁/amd
9.AD.35	'Tombarthite-(Y)'	Y₄(Si,H₄)₄O_12-x(OH)_4+2x	Mon.
9.AD.35	Huttonite	ThSiO₄	Mon. 2/m
9.AD.40	Eulytine	Bi₄(SiO₄)₃	Iso. 43m : I43d
9.AD.45	Reidite	Zr(SiO₄)	Tet. 4/m : I4₁/a
9.AD.55	Jeffbenite	Mg₃Al₂Si₃O₁₂	Tet. 42m : I42d

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for KerimasiteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-39563.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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External Links:

Look for Kerimasite on Webmineral

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

Mineral Dealers:

Buy from D. Joyce minerals

References for KerimasiteHide

Reference List:

Uher, Pavel, Milovská, Stanislava, Milovský, Rastislav, Koděra, Peter, Bačík, Peter, Bilohuščin, Vladimír (2015) Kerimasite, {Ca₃}[Zr₂](SiFe³⁺₂)O₁₂ garnet from the Vysoká-Zlatno skarn, Štiavnica stratovolcano, Slovakia. Mineralogical Magazine, 79 (3) 715-733 doi:10.1180/minmag.2015.079.3.15

(2022) Kerimasite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for KerimasiteHide

Showing 19 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Germany
Rhineland-Palatinate Mayen-Koblenz Mayen Seekante ⓘ Xenolith CS-008 (Bellbergite type-locality)	Juroszek et al. (Ti 5 Fe)
Vordereifel Ettringen ⓘ Caspar quarry	EMPA data
ⓘ Wernerkrauseite-bearing xenolith	Galuskin et al. (2016)
ⓘ Xenolith CS-029	in the collection of Christof Schäfer
ⓘ Xenolith CS-033	in the collection of Christof Schäfer
ⓘ Xenolith CS-034 (Alfredcasparite-bearing xenolith)	in the collection of Christof Schäfer
ⓘ Xenolith CS-036 (Vondechenite-bearing xenolith)	in the collection of Christof Schäfer
Vulkaneifel Daun Üdersdorf ⓘ Emmelberg	Blaß et al. (2014)

Israel
Southern District Beersheba Subdistrict Tamar Regional Council Hatrurim Basin ⓘ Aravaite type locality	Galuskin et al. (2018) +1 other reference

Russia
Irkutsk Oblast Narin-Kunta ⓘ Birkhin gabbro massif (Ozernovskii)	Lazic et al. (2011)
Kabardino-Balkaria Chegemsky District ⓘ Upper Chegem volcanic caldera (Verkhnechegemskaya caldera)	Bailau +1 other reference
Lakargi Mountain ⓘ Xenolith no. 1	Galuskina et al. (2015)
ⓘ Xenolith no. 3	Galuskin et al. (2011)
ⓘ Xenolith no. 7	Galuskina et al. (2013)

Slovakia
Banská Bystrica Region Banská Štiavnica District Vysoká ⓘ Zlatno	Uher P. et al. (2012) +1 other reference

Tanzania (TL)
Arusha Region Monduli District ⓘ Kerimasi volcano (TL)	Zaitsev et al. (2010)
ⓘ Kisete crater	Zaitsev et al. (2010)
ⓘ Loolmurwak crater	Zaitsev et al. (2010)

USA
Arkansas Hot Spring County ⓘ Magnet Cove	Mikail Murashko

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Kerimasite

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