Majorite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Majorite
Formula:
Mg3(MgSi)(SiO4)3
Colour:
Purple, pale yellowish brown
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
7 - 7½
Specific Gravity:
4
Crystal System:
Isometric
Member of:
Name:
Named by J.V. Smith and B. Mason in 1970 in honor of Alan Major, Department of Geophysics and Geochemistry, Australian National University, Canberra. He assisted A. E. Ringwood in the high-pressure synthesis of garnet from pyroxene.
The term "majoritic garnet" is often used in the literature. This term will normally be used for pyrope garnets with a small majorite component, and not the mineral majorite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2546
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2546:7
Similar Names
| Mazorite | A valid IMA mineral species | Ba3(PO4)2 |
IMA Classification of Majorite
Approved
Approval year:
1969
Classification of Majorite
9.AD.25
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
D : Nesosilicates without additional anions; cations in [6] and/or greater coordination
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
D : Nesosilicates without additional anions; cations in [6] and/or greater coordination
51.4.3a.5
51 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups Only
4 : Insular SiO4 Groups Only with cations in [6] and >[6] coordination
51 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups Only
4 : Insular SiO4 Groups Only with cations in [6] and >[6] coordination
14.21.13
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
21 : Silicates of Fe and Mg
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
21 : Silicates of Fe and Mg
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Maj | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Maj | Whitney & Evans (2010) | Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371 |
| Mjt | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Majorite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Purple, pale yellowish brown
Streak:
White
Hardness:
7 - 7½ on Mohs scale
Density:
4 g/cm3 (Measured) 4.00 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Majorite
Type:
Isotropic
Comments:
n = n.d
Chemistry of Majorite
Mindat Formula:
Mg3(MgSi)(SiO4)3
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Cr,Ni,Ca,Na
Crystallography of Majorite
Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
m3m(4/m32/m) - Hexoctahedral
Space Group:
Ia3d
Setting:
Ia3d
Cell Parameters:
a = 11.53(1) Å
Unit Cell V:
1,532.81 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
8
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0001663 | Majorite | Hazen R M, Downs R T, Finger L W, Conrad P G, Gasparik T (1994) Crystal chemistry of Ca-bearing majorite American Mineralogist 79 581-584 | ![]() | 1994 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0002263 | Majorite | Nakatsuka A, Yoshiasa A, Yamanaka T, Ohtaka O, Katsura T, Ito E (1999) Symmetry change of majorite solid-solution in the system Mg3Al2Si3O12-MgSiO3 American Mineralogist 84 1135-1143 | ![]() | 1999 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002262 | Majorite | Nakatsuka A, Yoshiasa A, Yamanaka T, Ohtaka O, Katsura T, Ito E (1999) Symmetry change of majorite solid-solution in the system Mg3Al2Si3O12-MgSiO3 American Mineralogist 84 1135-1143 | ![]() | 1999 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002261 | Majorite | Nakatsuka A, Yoshiasa A, Yamanaka T, Ohtaka O, Katsura T, Ito E (1999) Symmetry change of majorite solid-solution in the system Mg3Al2Si3O12-MgSiO3 American Mineralogist 84 1135-1143 | ![]() | 1999 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002087 | Majorite | Nakatsuka A, Yoshiasa A, Yamanaka T, Ito E (1999) Structure refinement of birefringent Cr-bearing majorite Mg3(Mg.34Si.34Al.18Cr.14)2Si3O12 American Mineralogist 84 199-202 | ![]() | 1999 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2.575 Å | (100*) |
| 2.881 Å | (70) |
| 1.540 Å | (60) |
| 2.454 Å | (45*) |
| 1.597 Å | (40) |
| 2.262 Å | (35*) |
| 2.352 Å | (30) |
Comments:
* = overlap with goethite impurity. (ICDD 25-843)
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 2: Planetesimal differentiation and alteration | 4.566-4.550 |
| 6 : Secondary asteroid phases | 4.566-4.560 |
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 26 : Hadean detrital minerals | |
| Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics | <3.5-2.5 |
| 39 : High-? metamorphism (blueschist, eclogite, ultrahigh ? facies) |
Type Occurrence of Majorite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Grains, to 10 μm
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 122379.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Majorite
Other Language Names for Majorite
Relationship of Majorite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Garnet Group:
| Almandine | Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d |
| Andradite | Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d |
| 'Blythite' | Mn2+3Mn3+2[SiO4]3 | |
| Calderite | Mn2+3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d |
| Eringaite | Ca3Sc2(SiO4)3 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d |
| Goldmanite | Ca3V3+2(SiO4)3 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d |
| Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d |
| 'Khoharite' | Mg3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 | |
| Knorringite | Mg3Cr3+2(SiO4)3 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d |
| Menzerite-(Y) | (Y2Ca)Mg2(SiO4)3 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d |
| Momoiite | Mn2+3V3+2(SiO4)3 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d |
| Morimotoite | Ca3(TiFe2+)(SiO4)3 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d |
| Pyrope | Mg3Al2(SiO4)3 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d |
| Rubinite | Ca3Ti3+2(SiO4)3 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d |
| 'Skiagite' | Fe2+3Fe3+2[SiO4]3 | |
| Spessartine | Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d |
| 'UM1984-37-SiO:CrMn' | Mn2+3Cr3+2(SiO4)3 | |
| Uvarovite | Ca3Cr3+2(SiO4)3 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 2 photos of Majorite associated with Ringwoodite | (Mg,Fe2+)2SiO4 |
| 1 photo of Majorite associated with Lingunite | NaAlSi3O8 |
| 1 photo of Majorite associated with Forsterite | Mg2(SiO4) |
| 1 photo of Majorite associated with Bridgmanite | MgSiO3 |
| 1 photo of Majorite associated with Akimotoite | MgSiO3 |
| 1 photo of Majorite associated with Xieite | Fe2+Cr2O4 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.AD. | Adrianite | Ca12(Al4Mg3Si7)O32Cl6 |
| 9.AD.05 | Larnite | Ca2SiO4 |
| 9.AD.10 | Calcio-olivine | Ca2SiO4 |
| 9.AD.15 | Merwinite | Ca3Mg(SiO4)2 |
| 9.AD.20 | Bredigite | Ca7Mg(SiO4)4 |
| 9.AD.25 | Midbarite | Ca3Mg2(V5+2Si)O12 |
| 9.AD.25 | Menzerite-(Y) | (Y2Ca)Mg2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Uvarovite | Ca3Cr3+2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Eltyubyuite | Ca12Fe3+10Si4O32Cl6 |
| 9.AD.25 | Eringaite | Ca3Sc2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Henritermierite | Ca3Mn3+2(SiO4)2[◻(OH)4] |
| 9.AD.25 va | 'Hydrougrandite' | (Ca,Mg,Fe2+)3(Fe3+,Al)2[(OH)4(SiO4)2] |
| 9.AD.25 | Calderite | Mn2+3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Nikmelnikovite | Ca12(Fe2+Fe3+3Al3◻)[SiO4]6[◻(OH)4]5◻4 |
| 9.AD.25 | Hutcheonite | Ca3Ti2(SiO4)(AlO4)2 |
| 9.AD.25 | Wadalite | (Ca,Mg)6(Al,Fe3+)4((Si,Al)O4)3O4Cl3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Rubinite | Ca3Ti3+2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Kerimasite | Ca3Zr2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2 |
| 9.AD.25 | Holtstamite | Ca3Al2(SiO4)2[◻(OH)4] |
| 9.AD.25 | Spessartine | Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Toturite | Ca3Sn2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2 |
| 9.AD.25 | Kimzeyite | Ca3Zr2(SiO4)(AlO4)2 |
| 9.AD.25 | 'Khoharite' | Mg3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Irinarassite | Ca3Sn2(SiO4)(AlO4)2 |
| 9.AD.25 | Knorringite | Mg3Cr3+2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Goldmanite | Ca3V3+2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | 'Blythite' | Mn2+3Mn3+2[SiO4]3 |
| 9.AD.25 | 'Skiagite' | Fe2+3Fe3+2[SiO4]3 |
| 9.AD.25 | 'UM1984-37-SiO:CrMn' | Mn2+3Cr3+2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Almandine | Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 va | 'Yamatoite' | (Mn2+,Ca)3(V3+,Al)2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Momoiite | Mn2+3V3+2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Andradite | Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Morimotoite | Ca3(TiFe2+)(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Pyrope | Mg3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Schorlomite | Ca3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2 |
| 9.AD.30 | Hafnon | Hf(SiO4) |
| 9.AD.30 | Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| 9.AD.30 | Coffinite | U(SiO4) · nH2O |
| 9.AD.30 | Thorite | Th(SiO4) |
| 9.AD.30 va | 'Auerlite' | near Th(Si,P)O4 |
| 9.AD.30 | Stetindite-(Ce) | Ce4+SiO4 |
| 9.AD.35 | 'Tombarthite-(Y)' | Y4(Si,H4)4O12-x(OH)4+2x |
| 9.AD.35 | Huttonite | ThSiO4 |
| 9.AD.40 | Eulytine | Bi4(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.45 | Reidite | Zr(SiO4) |
| 9.AD.55 | Jeffbenite | Mg3Al2Si3O12 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Majorite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2546.html
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References for Majorite
Reference List:
Smith, J. V., Mason, B. (1970) Pyroxene-Garnet Transformation in Coorara Meteorite. Science, 168 (3933). 832-833 doi:10.1126/science.168.3933.832
Fleischer, M.; Nickel, E.H. (1970) New Minerals Names. American Mineralogist, 55 (9-10). p.1810-1818.
Smith, J. V., Mason, B. (1970) Pyroxene-Garnet Transformation in Coorara Meteorite. Science, 168 (3933). 832-833 doi:10.1126/science.168.3933.832
Coleman, L. C. (1977) Ringwoodite and majorite in the Catherwood meteorite. The Canadian Mineralogist, 15 (1) 97-101
Wang, Yanbin, Gasparik, Tibor, Liebermann, Robert C. (1993) Modulated microstructure in synthetic majorite. American Mineralogist, 78 (11-12) 1165-1173
Hazen, Robert M., Finger, Robert T. Downs Larry W., Conrad, Pamela G., Gasparik, Tibor (1994) Crystal chemistry of Ca-bearing majorite. American Mineralogist, 79 (5-6) 581-584
Gwanmesia, G. D., Liu, J., Chen, G., Kesson, S., Rigden, S. M., Liebermann, R. C. (2000) Elasticity of the pyrope (Mg3Al2Si3O12)-majorite (MgSiO3) garnets solid solution. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 27 (7). 445-452 doi:10.1007/s002699900054
Hofmeister, A.M., Giesting, P.A., Wopenka, B., Gwanmesia, G.D., Jolliff, B.L. (2004) Vibrational spectroscopy of pyrope-majorite garnets: Structural implications. American Mineralogist, 89 (1) 132-146 doi:10.2138/am-2004-0116
Vinograd, Victor L., Winkler, Bjoern, Wilson, Daniel J., Putnis, Andrew, Gale, Julian D. (2006) Monte Carlo simulation of mixing in Ca3Fe2Ge3O12–Ca4Ge4O12 garnets and implications for the thermodynamic stability of pyrope–majorite solid solution. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 33 (8) 533-544 doi:10.1007/s00269-006-0099-5
Grew, E. S., Locock, A. J., Mills, S. J., Galuskina, I. O., Galuskin, E. V., Hålenius, U. (2013) Nomenclature of the garnet supergroup. American Mineralogist, 98 (4) 785-811 doi:10.2138/am.2013.4201
Thomas, Sylvia-Monique, Wilson, Kathryn, Koch-Müller, Monika, Hauri, Erik H., McCammon, Catherine, Jacobsen, Steven D., Lazarz, John, Rhede, Dieter, Ren, Minghua, Blair, Neal, Lenz, Stephan (2015) Quantification of water in majoritic garnet. American Mineralogist, 100 (5) 1084-1092 doi:10.2138/am-2015-5136
Ismailova, Leyla, Bobrov, Andrey, Bykov, Maxim, Bykova, Elena, Cerantola, Valerio, Kantor, Innokenty, Kupenko, Ilya, McCammon, Catherine, Dyadkin, Vadim, Chernyshov, Dmitry, Pascarelli, Sakura, Chumakov, Alexsandr, Dubrovinskaia, Natalia, Dubrovinsky, Leonid (2015) High-pressure synthesis of skiagite-majorite garnet and investigation of its crystal structure. American Mineralogist, 100 (11) 2650-2654 doi:10.2138/am-2015-5278
Localities for Majorite
Showing 39 localities.
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Antarctica | |
| YT Lin et al. (2011) |
| Lu Feng et al. (2011) | |
| Kato et al. (2017) |
Australia | |
| Mason et al. (5) |
| Tomioka et al. (1999) +1 other reference |
| Smith +1 other reference |
Brazil | |
| Bulanova et al. (2010) |
| Thomson et al. (2014) | |
| Ragozin +5 other references | |
Canada | |
| Burke et al. (1983) +1 other reference |
| Olivier Langelier Collection |
| Coleman (1977) |
China | |
| Xie Xiande et al. (2001) +5 other references |
| Miyajima et al. (2007) +1 other reference |
France | |
| www.excaliburmineral.com |
| Baziotis et al. (2018) |
Guinea | |
| Stachel et al. (2002) |
India | |
| Malavergne et al. (2001) |
| Datta et al. (2021, December) |
| Ghosh et al. (2021) |
Jordan | |
| Yaseen (2014) |
Kazakhstan | |
| Nitsenko et al. (2004) |
Lesotho | |
| 10.1126/sciadv.abe9773 +1 other reference |
Lithuania | |
| Miyahara et al. (2021) |
Morocco | |
| Baziotis et al. (2013) |
Nigeria | |
| Weisberg et al. (2010) |
Northwest Africa Meteorites | |
| Fudge et al. (2018) | |
| Gu et al. (2025) | |
Oman | |
| Litasov et al. (2019) |
| Litasov et al. (2019) | |
| D.D. Badjukov et al. et al. (2005) | |
Russia | |
| Ragozin +4 other references |
Solomon Islands | |
| Mineralogical Magazine +1 other reference |
South Africa | |
| Field et al. (2008) |
| Field et al. (2008) |
USA | |
| Rubin et al. (1984) |
| Acosta et al. (2012) |
| Zhidong Xie et al. (2005) |
| Zhidong Xie et al. |
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Chantonnay meteorite, Le Blanc, Le Blanc, Indre, Centre-Val de Loire, France