Simonkolleite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Simonkolleite
Formula:
Zn5Cl2(OH)8 · H2O
Colour:
Colourless
Lustre:
Vitreous, Sub-Vitreous
Hardness:
1½
Specific Gravity:
3.20
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Name:
Named in 1985 by Karl Schmetzer, Günther Schnorrer-Köhler, and Olaf Medenbach in honor of Werner Simon [b. December 18, 1939 Rockensuess, Germany], a professional printer and business owner and Kurt Kolle [b. 1949, Germany], both mineral collectors of Cornberg, near Michelsdorf, who submitted the samples for investigation.
In synthetic form, used as a zinc nutritional supplement for animals.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3668
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3668:5
IMA Classification of Simonkolleite
Classification of Simonkolleite
3.DA.20
3 : HALIDES
D : Oxyhalides, hydroxyhalides and related double halides
A : With Cu, etc., without Pb
3 : HALIDES
D : Oxyhalides, hydroxyhalides and related double halides
A : With Cu, etc., without Pb
10.5.8.1
10 : OXYHALIDES AND HYDROXYHALIDES
5 : Am(O,OH)pXq
10 : OXYHALIDES AND HYDROXYHALIDES
5 : Am(O,OH)pXq
8.5.1
8 : Halides - Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides and Iodides; also Fluoborates and Fluosilicates
5 : Halides of Zn and Hg
8 : Halides - Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides and Iodides; also Fluoborates and Fluosilicates
5 : Halides of Zn and Hg
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Skl | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Simonkolleite
Vitreous, Sub-Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Colourless
Streak:
White
Hardness:
1½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
{0001}
{0001}
Density:
3.20 g/cm3 (Measured) 3.35 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Simonkolleite
Type:
Uniaxial (+)
RI values:
nω = 1.657 nε = 1.700
Birefringence:
0.043
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.043
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Chemistry of Simonkolleite
Mindat Formula:
Zn5Cl2(OH)8 · H2O
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Simonkolleite
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Class (H-M):
3m(32/m) - Hexagonal Scalenohedral
Space Group:
P3m1
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.34 Å, c = 23.66 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 3.732
Unit Cell V:
823.61 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
3
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0005776 | Simonkolleite | Hawthorne F C, Sokolova E V (2002) Simonkolleite, Zn5(OH)8Cl2(H2O), a decorated interrupted-sheet structure of the form [M_2]4 The Canadian Mineralogist 40 939-946 | ![]() | 2002 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 7.87 Å | (100) |
| 3.58 Å | (30) |
| 3.17 Å | (40) |
| 2.94 Å | (30) |
| 2.73 Å | (60) |
| 2.67 Å | (70) |
| 2.37 Å | (40) |
| 1.59 Å | (40) |
Comments:
IcDD 7-155
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47g : [Halogen-bearing surface weathering minerals] | |
| Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals | <10 Ka |
| 56 : Slag and smelter minerals (see also #51 and #55) |
Type Occurrence of Simonkolleite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Tabular hexagonal crystals to 1 mm
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Originally found as a weathering product of zn-bearing slags at the Richelsdorf Smelting Refinery.
Synonyms of Simonkolleite
Other Language Names for Simonkolleite
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 3.DA. | Parahibbingite | Fe2(OH)3Cl |
| 3.DA. | Centennialite | CaCu3Cl2(OH)6 · nH2O (n ~ 0.7) |
| 3.DA. | Bounahasite | Cu+Cu2+2(OH)3Cl2 |
| 3.DA. | Muonionalustaite | Ni3(OH)4Cl2 · 4H2O |
| 3.DA.05 | Melanothallite | Cu2Cl2O |
| 3.DA.10c | Haydeeite | Cu3Mg(OH)6Cl2 |
| 3.DA.10b | Clinoatacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| 3.DA.10c | Paratacamite | Cu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2 |
| 3.DA.10c | Kapellasite | Cu3Zn(OH)6Cl2 |
| 3.DA.10c | Leverettite | Cu3Co(OH)6Cl2 |
| 3.DA.10a | Hibbingite | Fe2+2(OH)3Cl |
| 3.DA.10c | Paratacamite-(Ni) | Cu3(Ni,Cu)(OH)6Cl2 |
| 3.DA.10a | Kempite | Mn2+2(OH)3Cl |
| 3.DA.10c | Tondiite | Cu3Mg(OH)6Cl2 |
| 3.DA.10a | Atacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| 3.DA.10b | Belloite | Cu(OH)Cl |
| 3.DA.10c | Misakiite | Cu3Mn(OH)6Cl2 |
| 3.DA.10b | Iyoite | MnCuCl(OH)3 |
| 3.DA.10c | Kuliginite | Fe3Mg(OH)6Cl2 |
| 3.DA.10c | Gillardite | Cu3Ni(OH)6Cl2 |
| 3.DA.10b | 'Unnamed (Cu-Zn Chloride Hydroxide)' | CuZnCl(OH)3 |
| 3.DA.10b | Botallackite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| 3.DA.10c | Herbertsmithite | Cu3Zn(OH)6Cl2 |
| 3.DA.15 | Claringbullite | Cu4ClF(OH)6 |
| 3.DA.15 | Barlowite | Cu4BrF(OH)6 |
| 3.DA.25 | Buttgenbachite | Cu19(NO3)2(OH)32Cl4 · 2H2O |
| 3.DA.25 | Connellite | Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O |
| 3.DA.30 | Abhurite | Sn21Cl16(OH)14O6 |
| 3.DA.35 | Ponomarevite | K4Cu4Cl10O |
| 3.DA.40 | Calumetite | CaCu4(OH)8Cl2 · 3.5H2O |
| 3.DA.40 | Anthonyite | Cu(OH,Cl)2 · 3H2O |
| 3.DA.45 | Khaidarkanite | Cu4Al3(OH)14F3 · 2H2O |
| 3.DA.50 | Bobkingite | Cu5Cl2(OH)8 · 2H2O |
| 3.DA.55 | Avdoninite | K2Cu5(OH)4Cl8 · H2O |
| 3.DA.60 | Droninoite | Ni6Fe3+2(OH)16Cl2 · 4H2O |
| 3.DA.70 | Chrysothallite | K6Cu6Tl3+Cl17(OH)4 · H2O |
| 3.DA.70 | Dioskouriite | CaCu4Cl6(OH)4 · 4H2O |
| 3.DA.75 | Feodosiyite | Cu11Mg2Cl18(OH)8 · 16H2O |
| 3.DA.80 | Romanorlovite | K8Cu6Cl17(OH)3 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Simonkolleite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3668.html
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References for Simonkolleite
Reference List:
Allmann, Rudolf (1968) Verfeinerung der Struktur des Zinkhydroxidchlorids II, Zn5(OH)8Cl2· 1H2O. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 126 (5-6). 417-426 doi:10.1524/zkri.1968.126.5-6.417
Localities for Simonkolleite
Showing 14 localities.
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Belgium | |
| |
| Blaß et al. (1995) |
Germany | |
| Blessing et al. (1991) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Schnorrer (1995) +1 other reference |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Bender et al. (1994) +1 other reference |
| Blaß et al. (1995) |
| International Association of Collectors of Slag Minerals (3) +1 other reference | |
| Blaß et al. (1995) |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
UK | |
| Pirrie et al. (2000) |
USA | |
| RRUFF project |
| King (n.d.) |
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The
Genna zinc smelter slag locality, Helmke quarry nature reserve, Letmathe, Iserlohn, Märkischer Kreis, Arnsberg, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany