Kuksite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Kuksite
Formula:
Pb3Zn3(PO4)2(TeO6)
Colour:
Gray
Lustre:
Adamantine
Hardness:
5
Specific Gravity:
6.21 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Member of:
Name:
Named in honour of Anatoly Ilyich Kuks (Анатолий Ильич Кукс) (1906–), geologist and a discoverer of the Kuranakh deposit.
Type Locality:
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2284
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2284:8
Similar Names
| Guixite | Valid as an unnamed mineral | Cu2(AsO4,SiO4)(OH,H2O) · H2O (?) |
| Kaukasite | A synonym of 'Caucasite' |
IMA Classification of Kuksite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Pb2+3Zn2+3Te6+O6(PO4)2
Approval year:
1989
First published:
1990
Classification of Kuksite
8.DL.20
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
L : With large and medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 2:1
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
L : With large and medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 2:1
43.2.5.2
43 : COMPOUND PHOSPHATES, ETC.
2 : Anhydrous Normal Compound Phosphates, etc·
43 : COMPOUND PHOSPHATES, ETC.
2 : Anhydrous Normal Compound Phosphates, etc·
28.4.11
28 : Selenites, Selenates, Tellurites, and Tellurates
4 : Tellurates
28 : Selenites, Selenates, Tellurites, and Tellurates
4 : Tellurates
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Kuk | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Kuksite
Adamantine
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Gray
Streak:
White
Hardness:
5 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN10=325 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
Density:
6.21 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Kuksite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.971 nγ = 1.981
2V:
Measured: 12° to 20°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.010
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
strong, r>v
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Comments:
Z=c
Chemistry of Kuksite
Mindat Formula:
Pb3Zn3(PO4)2(TeO6)
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Kuksite
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Class (H-M):
32 - Trapezohedral
Space Group:
P321
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.39 Å, c = 5.18 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 0.617
Unit Cell V:
317 ų
Z:
1
Morphology:
Thin tabular crystals, with {100} well developed
Crystal Structure
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Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
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CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
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Labels
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0005048 | Kuksite | Mills S J, Kampf A R, Kolitsch U, Housley R M, Raudsepp M (2010) The crystal chemistry and crystal structure of kuksite, Pb3Zn3Te6+P2O14, and a note on the crystal structure of yafsoanite, (Ca,Pb)3Zn(TeO6)2 American Mineralogist 95 933-938 | 2010 | Blue Bell claims, Baker, San Bernardino County, California, USA | 0 | 293 | |
| 0005047 | Kuksite | Mills S J, Kampf A R, Kolitsch U, Housley R M, Raudsepp M (2010) The crystal chemistry and crystal structure of kuksite, Pb3Zn3Te6+P2O14, and a note on the crystal structure of yafsoanite, (Ca,Pb)3Zn(TeO6)2 American Mineralogist 95 933-938 | 2010 | Black Pine mine, NW of Philipsburg, Granite County, Montana, USA | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.29 Å | (100) |
| 3.00 Å | (80) |
| 2.594 Å | (40) |
| 1.903 Å | (50) |
| 1.606 Å | (30) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates] | |
| 47d : [Arsenates, antimonates, selenates, bismuthinates] | |
| 47e : [Vanadates, chromates, manganates] | |
| 47h : [Near-surface oxidized, dehydrated minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Kuksite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Thin gray tabular crystals, 0.1 to 0.3 mm, interstitial in calcite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Institute of Geosciences, Yakutsk Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk, Russia, mk-112.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Gold deposit
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Kuksite
Other Language Names for Kuksite
Relationship of Kuksite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Dugganite Group:
| Cheremnykhite | Pb3Zn3(VO4)2(TeO6) | Orth. |
| Dugganite | Pb3Zn3(AsO4)2(TeO6) | Trig. 32 : P321 |
| Joëlbruggerite | Pb3Zn3(Sb5+,Te6+)As2O13(OH,O) | Trig. 32 : P321 |
| Qiumingite | Pb3(Zn2Fe3+)Sb5+P2O14 | Trig. 32 : P321 |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 12 photos of Kuksite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 7 photos of Kuksite associated with Bayldonite | PbCu3(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| 2 photos of Kuksite associated with Philipsburgite | Cu5Zn(AsO4)(PO4)(OH)6 · H2O |
| 2 photos of Kuksite associated with Kettnerite | CaBiCO3OF |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.DL.05 | Foggite | CaAl(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O |
| 8.DL.10 | Fluorowardite | NaAl3(PO4)2F2(OH)2(H2O)2 |
| 8.DL.10 | Wardite | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| 8.DL.10 | Millisite | (Na,K)CaAl6(PO4)4(OH)9 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.10 | Cyrilovite | NaFe3+3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Petersite-(Ce) | CeCu6(PO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Agardite-(Nd) | NdCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Agardite-(Y) | YCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Agardite-(Ce) | CeCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | 'Agardite-(Dy)' | (Dy,La)Cu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Agardite-(La) | LaCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Petersite-(Y) | YCu6(PO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Zálesíite | CaCu6(AsO4)2(AsO3OH)(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Mixite | BiCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Petersite-(La) | LaCu6(PO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Goudeyite | AlCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Calciopetersite | CaCu6(PO4)2(PO3OH)(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Plumboagardite | PbCu6(AsO4)2(AsO3OH)(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.20 | Dugganite | Pb3Zn3(AsO4)2(TeO6) |
| 8.DL.20 | Wallkilldellite | Ca2Mn2+3(AsO4)2(OH)4 · 9H2O |
| 8.DL.20 | Wallkilldellite-(Fe) | (Ca,Cu)4Fe2+6(AsO4,SiO4)4(OH,O)8 · 18H2O |
| 8.DL.20 | Cheremnykhite | Pb3Zn3(VO4)2(TeO6) |
| 8.DL.25 | Angastonite | CaMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)4 · 7H2O |
| 8.DL.30 | Långbanshyttanite | Pb2Mn2Mg(AsO4)2(OH)4 · 6H2O |
Fluorescence of Kuksite
Weak (excitation wavelength and fluorescence color not given)
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Kuksite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2284.html
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Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Kuksite
Reference List:
Localities for Kuksite
Showing 18 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
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Upper dumps, North Star Mine, Mammoth, Tintic Mining District, East Tintic Mountains, Utah, USA