Baumstarkite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Baumstarkite
Manfred Baumstark
Formula:
Ag3Sb3S6
Minor As-for-Sb substitution possible. Formerly given as AgSbS2.
Colour:
Greyish black to black
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
5.33
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Name:
For German mineralogist and mineral dealer, Manfred Baumstark (b. 1954), who discovered the mineral.
Polymorph of:
Isostructural with:
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
10995
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:10995:4
IMA Classification of Baumstarkite
Classification of Baumstarkite
2.HA.25
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
H : Sulfosalts of SnS archetype
A : With Cu, Ag, Fe (without Pb)
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
H : Sulfosalts of SnS archetype
A : With Cu, Ag, Fe (without Pb)
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Bum | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Bau | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Baumstarkite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Greyish black to black
Streak:
Greyish black
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN25=89.3 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Sectile
Cleavage:
Perfect
On {001}, good on {100}
On {001}, good on {100}
Density:
5.33 g/cm3 (Measured) 5.39 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Baumstarkite
Anisotropism:
Strong to weak
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 (%) | R2 (%) | imR1 (%) | imR2 (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 470nm | 31.30% | 39.65% | 16.60% | 23.60% |
| 546nm | 29.20% | 37.30% | 14.60% | 21.15% |
| 589nm | 27.80% | 36.10% | 13.35% | 20.10% |
| 650nm | 26.15% | 33.05% | 12.16% | 17.60% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 39.65%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red, imR1 shown in green, imR2 shown in blue
Colour in reflected light:
Grey to white
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Chemistry of Baumstarkite
Mindat Formula:
Ag3Sb3S6
Minor As-for-Sb substitution possible. Formerly given as AgSbS2.
Minor As-for-Sb substitution possible. Formerly given as AgSbS2.
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Baumstarkite
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:
P1
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.766 Å, b = 8.322 Å, c = 8.814 Å
α = 100.62°, β = 104.03°, γ = 90.22°
α = 100.62°, β = 104.03°, γ = 90.22°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.933 : 1 : 1.059
Unit Cell V:
542 ų
Z:
6
Morphology:
{001}, {101}, {201}, {010} and {011} most frequent, {100} subordinate.
Twinning:
Occasionally on (001)
Crystal Structure
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2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0002820 | Baumstarkite | Effenberger H, Paar W H, Topa D, Criddle A J, Fleck M (2002) The new mineral baumstarkite and a structural reinvestigation of aramayoite and miargyrite American Mineralogist 87 753-764 |  | 2002 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.425 Å | (8) |
| 3.224 Å | (6) |
| 2.841 Å | (8) |
| 2.798 Å | (100) |
| 2.013 Å | (5) |
| 1.971 Å | (5) |
| 1.3994 Å | (6) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) |
Type Occurrence of Baumstarkite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Individual crystals not exceeding 3 mm, crystal aggregates up to 40x10mm coating miargyrite. Anhedral grains in miargyrite common (up to several mm).
Geological Setting of Type Material:
In high-grade silver ores of hypogene origin.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Baumstarkite
Other Language Names for Baumstarkite
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 49 photos of Baumstarkite associated with Miargyrite | AgSbS2 |
| 28 photos of Baumstarkite associated with Pyrargyrite | Ag3SbS3 |
| 22 photos of Baumstarkite associated with Diaphorite | Ag3Pb2Sb3S8 |
| 5 photos of Baumstarkite associated with Baryte | BaSO4 |
| 5 photos of Baumstarkite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 2 photos of Baumstarkite associated with Löllingite | FeAs2 |
| 1 photo of Baumstarkite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 2.HA.05 | Grundmannite | CuBiSe2 |
| 2.HA.05 | Emplectite | CuBiS2 |
| 2.HA.05 | Příbramite | CuSbSe2 |
| 2.HA.05 | Hansblockite | (Cu,Hg)(Bi,Pb)Se2 |
| 2.HA.05 | Chalcostibite | CuSbS2 |
| 2.HA.10 | Miargyrite | AgSbS2 |
| 2.HA.20 | Sunshuite | FeBi2S4 |
| 2.HA.20 | Garavellite | FeSbBiS4 |
| 2.HA.20 | Berthierite | FeSb2S4 |
| 2.HA.20 | Graţianite | MnBi2S4 |
| 2.HA.20 | Clerite | MnSb2S4 |
| 2.HA.25 | Aramayoite | Ag3Sb2(Bi,Sb)S6 |
| 2.HA.30 | Zhonghongite | Cu29(As,Sb)12S33 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Baumstarkite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-10995.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Baumstarkite
Reference List:
Effenberger, Herta, Paar, Werner Hermann, Topa, Dan, Criddle, Alan J., Fleck, Michel (2002) The new mineral baumstarkite and a structural reinvestigation of aramayoite and miargyrite. American Mineralogist, 87 (5) 753-764 doi:10.2138/am-2002-5-619
Localities for Baumstarkite
Showing 11 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Bolivia | |
| Kempff et al. (La Paz, 2009) |
| |
France | |
| N. MEISSER 2015 analysis |
| Weiß (2002) |
| This mine worked the same vein as Gabe ... +2 other references | |
Greece | |
| Rieck et al. (2020) |
| Rieck et al. (2020) |
Italy | |
| Guastoni A. et al. (2016) |
Japan | |
| Kitakaze et al. (2012) |
Peru (TL) | |
| Jahn (2001) +3 other references |
Romania | |
| Dincă et al. (2025) |
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San Genaro Mine, Santa Ana District, Castrovirreyna Province, Huancavelica, Peru