Sterling Mine, Antwerp, Jefferson County, New York, USAi
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Sterling Mine | Mine (Flooded) |
| Antwerp | Town |
| Jefferson County | County |
| New York | State |
| USA | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
44° 14' 17'' North , 75° 35' 27'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
Mine (Flooded) - last checked 2023
Köppen climate type:
Nearest Settlements:
| Place | Population | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| Antwerp | 685 (2017) | 4.5km |
| Oxbow | 108 (2017) | 6.0km |
| Philadelphia | 1,223 (2017) | 13.2km |
| Hailesboro | 624 (2017) | 14.0km |
| Gouverneur | 3,797 (2017) | 14.9km |
A former Fe mine located north of Antwerp. Reopened in 1904 and closed in 1910.
Ore is soft, earthy hematite hosted in Precambrian quartz-chlorite schist. Produced an estimated 750,000 tons plus of ore.
Workings feature an open pit (500 feet (ca. 152 m) by 200 feet (ca. 61 m) by 115 feet (ca. 35 m) deep) plus underground workings to 200 feet (ca. 61 m) deep.
First identified occurrence of millerite in the US.
Notes on the mineral list:
- Many historical identifications of minerals (ankerite, ilmenite, stilpnomelane) have been shown to be incorrect.
- The early mineral "chalcodite" appears to be the ferric-dominant member of the stilpnomelane group but needs to be reinvestigated. Robinson and Chamberlain (1984) showed that stilpnomelane group minerals from this location were ferric iron-rich. Three partial analyses of material of varying colors contained dominant ferric iron: green (FeO = 9.94 wt%, Fe₂O₃ = 25.26); green-brown (FeO = 8.46, Fe₂O₃ = 31.37); and golden brown (Fe = 2.18, Fe₂O₃ = 35.34). "Ferristilpnomelane" was named by Winchell and Winchell (1951) for the slightly ferrian variety of the series and probably does not occur at this location. Ferrous-dominant stilpnomelane is not found at this location, either.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsCommodity List
This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.Mineral List
17 valid minerals. 1 (FRL) - first recorded locality of unapproved mineral/variety/etc. 1 erroneous literature entry.
Detailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Formula: Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ 'Apatite' Formula: Ca5(PO4)3A |
| ⓘ 'Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite' Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| ⓘ Aragonite Formula: CaCO3 |
| ⓘ Baryte Formula: BaSO4 |
| ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 |
| ⓘ 'Chalcodite' (FRL) Formula: K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ Dolomite Formula: CaMg(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite Formula: Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ Goethite Formula: Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ Hematite Formula: Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ Hematite var. Martite Formula: Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ Magnetite Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4 Description: Pseudomorphs after hematite. |
| ⓘ Malachite Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ✪ Millerite Formula: NiS Description: Exceptional specimen in Smithsonian Istitution 12.7 x 15.3 cm, Canfield collection [see Bancroft, Peter (1973) The World's Finest Minerals and Crystals]. |
| ⓘ Pecoraite Formula: Ni3(Si2O5)(OH)4 Description: Pseudomorphs after Millerite. |
| ⓘ Pyrite Formula: FeS2 |
| ⓘ Quartz Formula: SiO2 |
| ⓘ Siderite Formula: FeCO3 |
| ⓘ Sphalerite Formula: ZnS |
| ⓘ Stilpnomelane ? Formula: K(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| ⓘ Stilpnomelane var. Ferristilpnomelane ? Formula: K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 Description: Mineral appears to be ferric iron-rich, rather than ferric iron-poor.
This is really chalcodite. |
| ⓘ Talc Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 Description: Fe-rich |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| ⓘ | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ | Millerite | 2.CC.20 | NiS |
| ⓘ | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Goethite | 4.00. | Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ | Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Hematite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ | var. Martite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Siderite | 5.AB.05 | FeCO3 |
| ⓘ | Ankerite ? | 5.AB.10 | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ | Dolomite | 5.AB.10 | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ | var. Iron-bearing Dolomite | 5.AB.10 | Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ | Aragonite | 5.AB.15 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Malachite | 5.BA.10 | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Baryte | 7.AD.35 | BaSO4 |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Talc | 9.EC.05 | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Pecoraite | 9.ED.15 | Ni3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Stilpnomelane ? | 9.EG.40 | K(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| ⓘ | var. Ferristilpnomelane ? | 9.EG.40 | K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| ⓘ | 'Chalcodite' (TL) | 9.EG.40 | K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| Unclassified | |||
| ⓘ | 'Apatite' | - | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| ⓘ | 'var. Carbonate-rich Apatite' | - | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Pecoraite | Ni3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Stilpnomelane | K(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| H | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Stilpnomelane var. Ferristilpnomelane | K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| H | ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| H | ⓘ Chalcodite | K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| C | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| C | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite | Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| O | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| O | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Hematite var. Martite | Fe2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Pecoraite | Ni3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Stilpnomelane | K(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| O | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Stilpnomelane var. Ferristilpnomelane | K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| O | ⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite | Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2 |
| O | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| O | ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| O | ⓘ Chalcodite | K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Stilpnomelane | K(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| Mg | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Stilpnomelane var. Ferristilpnomelane | K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| Mg | ⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite | Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Chalcodite | K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Stilpnomelane | K(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| Al | ⓘ Stilpnomelane var. Ferristilpnomelane | K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| Al | ⓘ Chalcodite | K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Pecoraite | Ni3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Stilpnomelane | K(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| Si | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Stilpnomelane var. Ferristilpnomelane | K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| Si | ⓘ Chalcodite | K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| P | ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Millerite | NiS |
| S | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | ⓘ Stilpnomelane | K(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| K | ⓘ Stilpnomelane var. Ferristilpnomelane | K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| K | ⓘ Chalcodite | K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite | Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| Ca | ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Hematite var. Martite | Fe2O3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Stilpnomelane | K(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| Fe | ⓘ Stilpnomelane var. Ferristilpnomelane | K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| Fe | ⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite | Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Chalcodite | K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27 |
| Ni | Nickel | |
| Ni | ⓘ Millerite | NiS |
| Ni | ⓘ Pecoraite | Ni3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Ba | Barium | |
| Ba | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality
North AmericaContinent
North America PlateTectonic Plate
- Grenville OrogenyOrogenic Belt
- Shawnee DomainDomain
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Sterling Mine, Antwerp, Jefferson County, New York, USA