Defiance Mine, Darwin Mine (Anaconda; Bernon Mine; Defiance Mine; Essex Mine; Independence Mine; Intermediate Mine; Rip Van Winkle Mine; Thompson Mine), Darwin, Darwin Mining District, Darwin Hills, Inyo County, California, USAi
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
36° 16' 54'' North , 117° 36' 33'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
Köppen climate type:
A former Ag-W-Au-Cu-Zn-Pb mine located in the SW¼ sec. 13 & in sec. 14 (?), T19S, R40E, MDM, 2.3 km (1.4 miles) NW of Darwin. MRDS database stated accuracy for this location is 1,000 meters.
NOTE: This is one of several mines incorporated into the "Darwin Mine" of the Anaconda Corp. It was also later incorporated into the group termed the "Darwin Mines," owned by Mexicanus Colorado Inc.
In 1945 The Anaconda Co. purchased the Bernon Defiance, Driver, Essex, Independence, Lane, Lucky Jim, Promontory, Rip Van Winkle and Thompson mines, and other small properties In the Darwin quadrangle and the Columbia mine at the south end of the Darwin Hills in the Coso Peak quadrangle, and they have operated some of them from 1945 to 1955.
The Company „Project Darwin LLC“ acquired the Darwin mines and 58 patented mining claims in 1996. The company is looking for investors to re-start the Darwin mines.
Local rocks include Quaternary alluvium and marine deposits.
Workings include unspecified underground openings.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsDetailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Acanthite Formula: Ag2S |
| ⓘ 'Apatite' Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| ⓘ Aurichalcite Formula: (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 Description: Occurs as fibrous, radiating clusters and coatings. |
| ⓘ Baryte Formula: BaSO4 |
| ⓘ Boulangerite ? Formula: Pb5Sb4S11 Description: A specimen in the University of California, Berkeley, collection was tentatively identified as boulangerite. |
| ⓘ Braunite Formula: Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8 |
| ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 |
| ⓘ Cerussite Formula: PbCO3 |
| ⓘ Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ Chrysocolla Formula: Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| ⓘ Covellite Formula: CuS |
| ⓘ Creedite Formula: Ca3Al2(SO4)(OH)2F8 · 2H2O References: |
| ⓘ Diopside Formula: CaMgSi2O6 |
| ⓘ Fluorite Formula: CaF2 |
| ⓘ Galena Formula: PbS |
| ⓘ Grossular Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ Gypsum Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O Description: Alters to anhydrite upon removal. References: |
| ⓘ Hemimorphite Formula: Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O Colour: Colorless Description: Occurs as crusts with occasional crystals. |
| ⓘ Hydrozincite Formula: Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 Habit: Blade-like. Colour: Colorless, white |
| ⓘ Linarite Formula: PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 Habit: Thin platy. |
| ⓘ Malachite Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Montmorillonite Formula: (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O Colour: Pale greenish yellow Description: Occurs as masses. |
| ⓘ Muscovite Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Native Selenium Formula: Se |
| ⓘ Native Sulphur Formula: S8 References: |
| ⓘ Orthoclase Formula: K(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ Plumbojarosite Formula: Pb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ Pyrite Formula: FeS2 |
| ⓘ Pyrolusite Formula: Mn4+O2 |
| ⓘ Smithsonite Formula: ZnCO3 References: |
| ⓘ Sphalerite Formula: ZnS References: |
| ⓘ Wollastonite Formula: Ca3(Si3O9) |
| ⓘ Wulfenite Formula: Pb(MoO4) References: |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Native Sulphur | 1.CC.05 | S8 |
| ⓘ | Native Selenium | 1.CC.10 | Se |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| ⓘ | Acanthite | 2.BA.35 | Ag2S |
| ⓘ | Covellite | 2.CA.05a | CuS |
| ⓘ | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| ⓘ | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ | Galena | 2.CD.10 | PbS |
| ⓘ | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| ⓘ | Boulangerite ? | 2.HC.15 | Pb5Sb4S11 |
| Group 3 - Halides | |||
| ⓘ | Fluorite | 3.AB.25 | CaF2 |
| ⓘ | Creedite | 3.CG.15 | Ca3Al2(SO4)(OH)2F8 · 2H2O |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Pyrolusite | 4.DB.05 | Mn4+O2 |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Smithsonite | 5.AB.05 | ZnCO3 |
| ⓘ | Cerussite | 5.AB.15 | PbCO3 |
| ⓘ | Malachite | 5.BA.10 | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Aurichalcite | 5.BA.15 | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Hydrozincite | 5.BA.15 | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Baryte | 7.AD.35 | BaSO4 |
| ⓘ | Plumbojarosite | 7.BC.10 | Pb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Linarite | 7.BC.65 | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Gypsum | 7.CD.40 | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Wulfenite | 7.GA.05 | Pb(MoO4) |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Grossular | 9.AD.25 | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | Braunite | 9.AG.05 | Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8 |
| ⓘ | Hemimorphite | 9.BD.10 | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| ⓘ | Diopside | 9.DA.15 | CaMgSi2O6 |
| ⓘ | Wollastonite | 9.DG.05 | Ca3(Si3O9) |
| ⓘ | Muscovite | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | var. Sericite | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Montmorillonite | 9.EC.40 | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| ⓘ | Chrysocolla | 9.ED.20 | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| ⓘ | Orthoclase | 9.FA.30 | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Unclassified | |||
| ⓘ | 'Apatite' | - | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| H | ⓘ Creedite | Ca3Al2(SO4)(OH)2F8 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| H | ⓘ Plumbojarosite | Pb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| C | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Braunite | Mn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8 |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| O | ⓘ Creedite | Ca3Al2(SO4)(OH)2F8 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| O | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Plumbojarosite | Pb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Pyrolusite | Mn4+O2 |
| O | ⓘ Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
| O | ⓘ Wollastonite | Ca3(Si3O9) |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | ⓘ Creedite | Ca3Al2(SO4)(OH)2F8 · 2H2O |
| F | ⓘ Fluorite | CaF2 |
| F | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| Al | ⓘ Creedite | Ca3Al2(SO4)(OH)2F8 · 2H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Al | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Braunite | Mn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8 |
| Si | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| Si | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Si | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Wollastonite | Ca3(Si3O9) |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Acanthite | Ag2S |
| S | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Boulangerite | Pb5Sb4S11 |
| S | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Covellite | CuS |
| S | ⓘ Creedite | Ca3Al2(SO4)(OH)2F8 · 2H2O |
| S | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| S | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| S | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| S | ⓘ Plumbojarosite | Pb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| S | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| S | ⓘ Native Sulphur | S8 |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Creedite | Ca3Al2(SO4)(OH)2F8 · 2H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Fluorite | CaF2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Wollastonite | Ca3(Si3O9) |
| Ca | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Mn | Manganese | |
| Mn | ⓘ Braunite | Mn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8 |
| Mn | ⓘ Pyrolusite | Mn4+O2 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Plumbojarosite | Pb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| Cu | ⓘ Covellite | CuS |
| Cu | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Zn | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Zn | ⓘ Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| Zn | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Se | Selenium | |
| Se | ⓘ Native Selenium | Se |
| Mo | Molybdenum | |
| Mo | ⓘ Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
| Ag | Silver | |
| Ag | ⓘ Acanthite | Ag2S |
| Sb | Antimony | |
| Sb | ⓘ Boulangerite | Pb5Sb4S11 |
| Ba | Barium | |
| Ba | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| Pb | Lead | |
| Pb | ⓘ Boulangerite | Pb5Sb4S11 |
| Pb | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| Pb | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| Pb | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| Pb | ⓘ Plumbojarosite | Pb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| Pb | ⓘ Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
Other Databases
| Link to USGS MRDS: | 10211828 |
|---|
Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality
North AmericaContinent
North America PlateTectonic Plate
- Antler Foreland BasinBasin
- Basin and Range BasinsBasin
- Mojave DomainDomain
- Southern Basin and RangeWide Rift
USA
- Sierra NevadaMountain Range
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Defiance Mine, Darwin Mine, Darwin, Darwin Mining District, Darwin Hills, Inyo County, California, USA