Bowlesite
A valid IMA mineral species
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Formula:
PtSnS
Lustre:
Metallic
Specific Gravity:
10.06 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
The mineral honours Dr. John Bowles (Manchester University, UK) for his contributions to ore mineralogy and mineral deposits related to mafic–ultramafic rocks.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
54040
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:54040:7
Similar Names
| Cowlesite | A valid IMA mineral species | CaAl2Si3O10 · 6H2O |
IMA Classification of Bowlesite
Approved
Approval year:
2019
First published:
2020
Type description reference:
Vymazalová, Anna, Zaccarini, Federica, Garuti, Giorgio, Laufek, František, Mauro, Daniela, Stanley, Chris J., Biagioni, Cristian (2020) Bowlesite, PtSnS, a new platinum group mineral (PGM) from the Merensky Reef of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa. Mineralogical Magazine, 84 (3) 468-476 doi:10.1180/mgm.2020.32
Classification of Bowlesite
2.BC.55
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
B : Metal Sulfides, M: S > 1: 1 (mainly 2: 1)
C : With Rh, Pd, Pt, etc.
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
B : Metal Sulfides, M: S > 1: 1 (mainly 2: 1)
C : With Rh, Pd, Pt, etc.
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Bwl | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Bowlesite
Optical Data of Bowlesite
Anisotropism:
weak
Bireflectance:
weak
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 (%) | R2 (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 470nm | 50.3% | 51.4% |
| 546nm | 48.5% | 48.9% |
| 589nm | 47.9% | 48.6% |
| 650nm | 47.8% | 48.7% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 51.4%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
light bluish grey
Internal Reflections:
none
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Chemistry of Bowlesite
Mindat Formula:
PtSnS
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Bowlesite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mm2 - Pyramidal
Space Group:
Pca21
Setting:
Pca21
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.12 Å, b = 6.12 Å, c = 6.10 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1 : 1 : 0.997
Unit Cell V:
228.47 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Comment:
Due to the small size of bowlesite, the crystal structure was solved and refined from the powder X-ray-diffraction data of synthetic PtSnS.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.526 Å | (40) |
| 3.054 Å | (47) |
| 2.490 Å | (36) |
| 2.159 Å | (82) |
| 1.843 Å | (100) |
| 1.401 Å | (64) |
| 1.368 Å | (32) |
| 1.367 Å | (35) |
Reference:
Vymazalová, Anna, Zaccarini, Federica, Garuti, Giorgio, Laufek, František, Mauro, Daniela, Stanley, Chris J., Biagioni, Cristian (2020) Bowlesite, PtSnS, a new platinum group mineral (PGM) from the Merensky Reef of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa. Mineralogical Magazine, 84 (3) 468-476 doi:10.1180/mgm.2020.32
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 3a: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust | >4.50 |
| 7 : Ultramafic igneous rocks | |
| Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere | >4.45 |
| 12 : Hadean hydrothermal subsurface sulfide deposits (see also #33) | |
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) | |
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 37 : Layered igneous intrusions and related PGE minerals |
Type Occurrence of Bowlesite
General Appearance of Type Material:
tiny grains (maximum dimension 20 μm)
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
mineralogical collections of (1) the Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK, catalogue number BM2019,11 (holotype), and (2) the Museo di Storia Naturale, Università di Pisa, Via Roma 79, Calci (Pisa), Italy, catalogue number 19909 (anthropotype)
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Vymazalová, Anna, Zaccarini, Federica, Garuti, Giorgio, Laufek, František, Mauro, Daniela, Stanley, Chris J., Biagioni, Cristian (2020) Bowlesite, PtSnS, a new platinum group mineral (PGM) from the Merensky Reef of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa. Mineralogical Magazine, 84 (3) 468-476 doi:10.1180/mgm.2020.32
Synonyms of Bowlesite
Other Language Names for Bowlesite
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 2.BC. | Panskyite | Pd9Ag2Pb2S4 |
| 2.BC. | Fleetite | Cu2RhIrSb2 |
| 2.BC. | Coldwellite | Pd3Ag2S |
| 2.BC. | 'UM2004-45-Se:AgHgPd' | (Ag,Cu)6Hg2Pd2Se3 |
| 2.BC.05 | 'UM2000-47-S:CuFePdPt' | PtPd(Fe,Cu)S |
| 2.BC.05 | Miassite | Rh17S15 |
| 2.BC.05 | Palladseite | Pd17Se15 |
| 2.BC.10 | Oosterboschite | (Pd,Cu)7Se5 |
| 2.BC.15 | Chrisstanleyite | Ag2Pd3Se4 |
| 2.BC.15 | Jagüéite | Cu2Pd3Se4 |
| 2.BC.20 | Keithconnite | Pd20Te7 |
| 2.BC.25 | Vasilite | (Pd,Cu)16(S,Te)7 |
| 2.BC.30 | Telluropalladinite | Pd9Te4 |
| 2.BC.35 | Kojonenite | Pd7-xSnTe2 (0.3 ≤ x ≤ 0.8) |
| 2.BC.35 | Luberoite | Pt5Se4 |
| 2.BC.37 | Kravtsovite | PdAg2S |
| 2.BC.40 | Oulankaite | (Pd,Pt)5(Cu,Fe)4SnTe2S2 |
| 2.BC.40 | Lukkulaisvaaraite | Pd14Ag2Te9 |
| 2.BC.42 | Monchetundraite | Pd2NiTe2 |
| 2.BC.45 | Telargpalite | (Pd,Ag)3(Te,Bi) |
| 2.BC.45 | Thalhammerite | Pd9Ag2Bi2S4 |
| 2.BC.47 | Vymazalováite | Pd3Bi2S2 |
| 2.BC.50 | Temagamite | Pd3HgTe3 |
| 2.BC.55 | Sopcheite | Ag4Pd3Te4 |
| 2.BC.60 | Laflammeite | Pd3Pb2S2 |
| 2.BC.65 | Tischendorfite | Pd8Hg3Se9 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Bowlesite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-54040.html
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References for Bowlesite
Reference List:
Miyawaki, Ritsuro, Hatert, Frédéric, Pasero, Marco, Mills, Stuart J. (2019) CNMNC Newsletter 52.New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2019. Mineralogical Magazine, 83 (6) 887-893 doi:10.1180/mgm.2019.73
Vymazalová, Anna, Zaccarini, Federica, Garuti, Giorgio, Laufek, František, Mauro, Daniela, Stanley, Chris J., Biagioni, Cristian (2020) Bowlesite, PtSnS, a new platinum group mineral (PGM) from the Merensky Reef of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa. Mineralogical Magazine, 84 (3) 468-476 doi:10.1180/mgm.2020.32
Localities for Bowlesite
Showing 2 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
South Africa (TL) | |
| Miyawaki et al. (2020) +2 other references |
| Zaccarini +1 other reference |
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