Chanabayaite
A valid IMA mineral species
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
About Chanabayaite
Formula:
CuCl(N3C2H2)(NH3) · 0.25H2O
Formula from type description: Cu2(N3C2H2)2Cl(NH3,Cl,H2О,□)4
Colour:
Blue
Hardness:
2
Specific Gravity:
1.48
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Name for the community of Chanabaya, Chile, located at the base of a promotory that is the type locality.
Unique combination of elements.
Chanabayaite is a transformational mineral species formed as a result of leaching Na and one third of Cl and partial dehydration of the protophase NaCu2Cl3(N3C2H2)2(NH3)2·4H2O. The latter, now known as triazolite, is structurally related.
Both chanabayaite and its precursor are first known minerals with triazolate anion.
Awarded 'Mineral of the Year' by the IMA-CNMNC in 2015.
Chanabayaite is a transformational mineral species formed as a result of leaching Na and one third of Cl and partial dehydration of the protophase NaCu2Cl3(N3C2H2)2(NH3)2·4H2O. The latter, now known as triazolite, is structurally related.
Both chanabayaite and its precursor are first known minerals with triazolate anion.
Awarded 'Mineral of the Year' by the IMA-CNMNC in 2015.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
43945
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:43945:7
IMA Classification of Chanabayaite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Cu2+2Cl(N3C2H2)1-2(N3-H3,Cl,H2O,◻)4
Approval year:
2013
First published:
2015
Classification of Chanabayaite
10.CA.45
10 : ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
C : Miscellaneous Organic Minerals
A : Miscellaneous Organic Minerals
10 : ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
C : Miscellaneous Organic Minerals
A : Miscellaneous Organic Minerals
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Cba | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Chanabayaite
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Blue
Hardness:
2 on Mohs scale
Hardness Data:
Measured
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
Perfect cleavage on (001) and imperfect cleavage on (100) and (010).
Perfect cleavage on (001) and imperfect cleavage on (100) and (010).
Density:
1.48(2) g/cm3 (Measured) 1.464 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Chanabayaite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.561(2) nβ = 1.615(3) nγ = 1.620(2)
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.059
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
No measured or calculated 2V is on file for this mineral, so the value used here (33°) is estimated from its recorded refractive indices and optic sign, not from a direct 2V measurement.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
No measured or calculated 2V is on file for this mineral, so the value used here (33°) is estimated from its recorded refractive indices and optic sign, not from a direct 2V measurement.
Dispersion:
Moderate, r > v.
Optical Extinction:
X = c.
Pleochroism:
Strong
Comments:
Z ~ Y = deep blue, X = pale gray-blue.
Comments:
Absorption: Z = Y >> X.
Chemistry of Chanabayaite
Mindat Formula:
CuCl(N3C2H2)(NH3) · 0.25H2O
Formula from type description: Cu2(N3C2H2)2Cl(NH3,Cl,H2О,□)4
Formula from type description: Cu2(N3C2H2)2Cl(NH3,Cl,H2О,□)4
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Chanabayaite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm(2/m2/m2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Imma
Setting:
Imma
Cell Parameters:
a = 19.484(3) Å, b = 7.2136(10) Å, c = 11.999(4) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 2.701 : 1 : 1.663
Unit Cell V:
1686.5 ų
Z:
2
Morphology:
Prismatic
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 10.19 Å | (100) |
| 6.189 Å | (40) |
| 5.729 Å | (23) |
| 5.216 Å | (75) |
| 4.964 Å | (20) |
| 2.870 Å | (14) |
| 2.830 Å | (20) |
| 2.611 Å | (24) |
Comments:
From Type Description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47g : [Halogen-bearing surface weathering minerals] | |
| Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
| 52 : Guano- and urine-derived minerals | <0.4 |
Type Occurrence of Chanabayaite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Blue translucent imperfect prismatic crystals up to 0.05 x 0.1 x 0.5 mm in size and their radial aggregates.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Type material is deposited in the collections of the Fersman Mineralogical Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, registration number 4418/1.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Found in a guano deposit.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Chanabayaite
Other Language Names for Chanabayaite
Dutch:Chanabayaiet
German:Chanabayait
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 4 photos of Chanabayaite associated with Joanneumite | Cu(C3N3O3H2)2(NH3)2 |
| 4 photos of Chanabayaite associated with Triazolite | NaCu2(N3C2H2)2(NH3)2Cl3 · 4H2O |
| 3 photos of Chanabayaite associated with Salammoniac | NH4Cl |
| 2 photos of Chanabayaite associated with Natroxalate | Na2(C2O4) |
| 1 photo of Chanabayaite associated with Ammineite | [CuCl2(NH3)2] |
| 1 photo of Chanabayaite associated with Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 10.CA. | Allantoin | C4H6N4O3 |
| 10.CA. | Pabellóndepicaite | Cu2+2(N3C2H2)2(NH3)2(NO3)Cl · 2H2O |
| 10.CA. | Bojarite | Cu3(N3C2H2)3(OH)Cl2 · 6H2O |
| 10.CA. | Natrosulfatourea | Na2(SO4)[CO(NH2)2] |
| 10.CA. | 'Tholins' | (C,H,N) |
| 10.CA. | Fuchunite | Ba(C2H3O3)2(C2H4O3)2 |
| 10.CA.05 | Refikite | C20H32O2 |
| 10.CA.10 | Flagstaffite | C10H22O3 |
| 10.CA.15 | Hoelite | C14H8O2 |
| 10.CA.20 | Abelsonite | Ni(C31H32N4) |
| 10.CA.25 | Kladnoite | C6H4(CO)2NH |
| 10.CA.30 | 'Tinnunculite (of Chesnokov & Shcherbakova)' | C10H12N8O8 |
| 10.CA.30 | Guanine | C5H5N5O |
| 10.CA.35 | Urea | CO(NH2)2 |
| 10.CA.40 | Uricite | C5H4N4O3 |
| 10.CA.50 | Triazolite | NaCu2(N3C2H2)2(NH3)2Cl3 · 4H2O |
| 10.CA.55 | Ernstburkeite | Mg(CH3SO3)2 · 12H2O |
| 10.CA.60 | Joanneumite | Cu(C3N3O3H2)2(NH3)2 |
| 10.CA.65 | Tinnunculite | C5H4N4O3 · 2H2O |
| 10.CA.70 | 'Dopplerite' |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Chanabayaite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-43945.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Chanabayaite
Reference List:
Williams, P. A., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2013) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2013. CNMNC Newsletter No.17. Mineralogical Magazine, 77 (7) 2997-3005 doi:10.1180/minmag.2013.077.7.09
Zubkova, Natalia V., Chukanov, Nikita V., Pekov, Igor V., Möhn, Gerhard, Giester, Gerald, Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Lykova, Inna S., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2015) The crystal structure of the natural 1,2,4-triazolate compound NaCu2Cl3[N3C2H2]2[NH3]2·4H2O. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 231 (1). 47-53 doi:10.1515/zkri-2015-1861
Localities for Chanabayaite
Showing 1 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Chile (TL) | |
| Williams et al. (2013) +2 other references |
Quick NavTopAbout ChanabayaiteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography X-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Pabellón de Pica, Chanabaya, Iquique, Iquique Province, Tarapacá, Chile