Lucabindiite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Lucabindiite
Luca Bindi
Formula:
(K,NH4)As4O6(Cl,Br)
Colour:
colorless to white
Lustre:
Vitreous
Specific Gravity:
3.68 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Member of:
Name:
The name is in honor of Luca Bindi (b. 1971), Professor of Mineralogy and former Head of the Division of Mineralogy of the Natural History Museum of the University of Florence
Type Locality:
Isostructural with:
Comparable to torrecillasite and russoite (both As2O3-containing). The Cl analogue of mauriziodiniite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
41602
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:41602:1
IMA Classification of Lucabindiite
Approved
IMA Formula:
(K,N3-H4)As3+4O6(Cl,Br)
Approval year:
2011
First published:
2013
Classification of Lucabindiite
3.DC.
3 : HALIDES
D : Oxyhalides, hydroxyhalides and related double halides
C : With Pb (As,Sb,Bi), without Cu
3 : HALIDES
D : Oxyhalides, hydroxyhalides and related double halides
C : With Pb (As,Sb,Bi), without Cu
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Lbd | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Pronunciation of Lucabindiite
Pronunciation:
| Play | Recorded by | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Lucabindiite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Colorless to white
Streak:
White
Fracture:
None observed
Density:
3.68 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Chemistry of Lucabindiite
Mindat Formula:
(K,NH4)As4O6(Cl,Br)
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Lucabindiite
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Class (H-M):
6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) - Dihexagonal Dipyramidal
Space Group:
P6/mmm
Setting:
P6/mmm
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.2386(7) Å, c = 9.014(2) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.721
Unit Cell V:
214.23 ų
Z:
1
Morphology:
Hexagonal and platy crystals
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0019797 | Lucabindiite | Garavelli A, Mitolo D, Pinto D, Vurro F (2013) Lucabindiite, (K,NH4)As4O6(Cl,Br), a new fumarole mineral from the "La Fossa" crater at Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy American Mineralogist 98 470-477 | 2013 | La Fossa crater at Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy | 0 | 293 | |
| 0019949 | Lucabindiite | Pertlik F (1988) The compounds KAs4O6X (X=Cl,Br,I) and NH4As4O6X (X=Br,I): Hydrothermal syntheses and structure determinations Monatshefte fur Chemie 119 451-456 | 1988 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 4.537 Å | (30) |
| 4.507 Å | (52) |
| 3.197 Å | (100) |
| 2.619 Å | (67) |
| 2.265 Å | (19) |
| 1.974 Å | (28) |
| 1.603 Å | (20) |
| 1.485 Å | (21) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 45a : [Sulfates, arsenates, selenates, antimonates] | |
| 45b : [Other oxidized fumarolic minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Lucabindiite
General Appearance of Type Material:
As aggregates of micrometer-sized hexagonal and platy crystals on the surface of the pyroclastic breccia
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Museum "C.L. Garavelli", Depart. Geomineralogico, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Italy, sample no. 11/nm/V28
Geological Setting of Type Material:
fumerole
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Lucabindiite
Other Language Names for Lucabindiite
Dutch:Lucabindiiet
German:Lucabindiit
Relationship of Lucabindiite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Lucabindiite Group:
| Cuatrocapaite-(K) | K3(NaMg◻)(As2O3)6Cl6 · 16H2O | Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m |
| Cuatrocapaite-(NH4) | (NH4)3(NaMg◻)(As2O3)6Cl6 · 16H2O | Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m |
| Ermakovite | (NH4)(As2O3)2Br | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mmm |
| Gajardoite | KCa0.5As3+4O6Cl2 · 5H2O | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mmm |
| Gajardoite-(NH4) | (NH4)As3+4O6Cl2(Ca0.5◻0.5)(H2O)5 | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mmm |
| Mauriziodiniite | (NH4)(As2O3)2I | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mmm |
| Russoite | (NH4)ClAs2O3(H2O)0.5 | Hex. 622 : P622 |
| Torrecillasite | Na(As,Sb)3+4O6Cl | Orth. |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 1 photo of Lucabindiite associated with Native Sulphur | S8 |
| 1 photo of Lucabindiite associated with Adranosite | (NH4)4NaAl2(SO4)4Cl(OH)2 |
| 1 photo of Lucabindiite associated with Realgar | As4S4 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 3.DC. | Gajardoite | KCa0.5As3+4O6Cl2 · 5H2O |
| 3.DC. | Cuatrocapaite-(NH4) | (NH4)3(NaMg◻)(As2O3)6Cl6 · 16H2O |
| 3.DC. | Cuatrocapaite-(K) | K3(NaMg◻)(As2O3)6Cl6 · 16H2O |
| 3.DC. | Napoliite | Pb2OFCl |
| 3.DC. | Torrecillasite | Na(As,Sb)3+4O6Cl |
| 3.DC.05 | Paralaurionite | PbCl(OH) |
| 3.DC.05 | Laurionite | PbCl(OH) |
| 3.DC.05 | Mauriziodiniite | (NH4)(As2O3)2I |
| 3.DC.05 | Russoite | (NH4)ClAs2O3(H2O)0.5 |
| 3.DC.10 | Fiedlerite | Pb3FCl4(OH) · H2O |
| 3.DC.15 | Penfieldite | Pb2Cl3(OH) |
| 3.DC.15 | Telluroperite | Pb3TeO4Cl2 |
| 3.DC.20 | Laurelite | Pb7F12Cl2 |
| 3.DC.25 | Zhangpeishanite | BaFCl |
| 3.DC.25 | Matlockite | PbFCl |
| 3.DC.25 | Zavaritskite | (BiO)F |
| 3.DC.25 | Rorisite | CaFCl |
| 3.DC.25 | Bismoclite | BiOCl |
| 3.DC.25 | Vegrandisite | BaCl2 |
| 3.DC.30 | Nadorite | PbSbClO2 |
| 3.DC.30 | Perite | PbBiClO2 |
| 3.DC.40 | Thorikosite | Pb3Cl2(OH)(SbO3,AsO3) |
| 3.DC.45 | Mereheadite | Pb47Cl25(OH)13O24(CO3)(BO3)2 |
| 3.DC.50 | Blixite | Pb8O5(OH)2Cl4 |
| 3.DC.52 | Rumseyite | Pb2OClF |
| 3.DC.55 | Vladkrivovichevite | [Pb32O18][Pb4Mn2O]Cl14(BO3)8 · 2H2O |
| 3.DC.55 | Pinalite | Pb3WO5Cl2 |
| 3.DC.57 | Yeomanite | Pb2O(OH)Cl |
| 3.DC.60 | Symesite | Pb10(SO4)O7Cl4 · H2O |
| 3.DC.60 | 'Lorettoite' | Pb7O6Cl2 |
| 3.DC.62 | 'Sarawakite (of Frenzel)' | Sb, O, Cl (?) |
| 3.DC.65 | Ecdemite | Pb6As3+2O7Cl4 |
| 3.DC.70 | Mendipite | Pb3Cl2O2 |
| 3.DC.75 | Damaraite | Pb3Cl(OH)O2 |
| 3.DC.80 | Onoratoite | Sb8Cl2O11 |
| 3.DC.95 | Barstowite | Pb4Cl6(CO3) · H2O |
Radioactivity
Radioactivity:
| Element | % Content | Activity (Bq/kg) | Radiation Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Uranium (U) | 0.0000% | 0 | α, β, γ |
| Thorium (Th) | 0.0000% | 0 | α, β, γ |
| Potassium (K) | 8.3146% | 2,578 | β, γ |
For comparison:
- Banana: ~15 Bq per fruit
- Granite: 1,000–3,000 Bq/kg
- EU exemption limit: 10,000 Bq/kg
Note: Risk is shown relative to daily recommended maximum exposure to non-background radiation of 1000 µSv/year. Note that natural background radiation averages around 2400 µSv/year so in reality these risks are probably extremely overstated! With infrequent handling and safe storage natural radioactive minerals do not usually pose much risk.
Interactive Simulator:
Note: The mass selector refers to the mass of radioactive mineral present, not the full specimen, also be aware that the matrix may also be radioactive, possibly more radioactive than this mineral!
Activity: –
| Distance | Dose rate | Risk |
|---|---|---|
| 1 cm | ||
| 10 cm | ||
| 1 m |
The external dose rate (D) from a radioactive mineral is estimated by summing the gamma radiation contributions from its Uranium, Thorium, and Potassium content, disregarding daughter-product which may have a significant effect in some cases (eg 'pitchblende'). This involves multiplying the activity (A, in Bq) of each element by its specific gamma ray constant (Γ), which accounts for its unique gamma emissions. The total unshielded dose at 1 cm is then scaled by the square of the distance (r, in cm) and multiplied by a shielding factor (μshield). This calculation provides a 'worst-case' or 'maximum risk' estimate because it assumes the sample is a point source and entirely neglects any self-shielding where radiation is absorbed within the mineral itself, meaning actual doses will typically be lower. The resulting dose rate (D) is expressed in microsieverts per hour (μSv/h).
D = ((AU × ΓU) + (ATh × ΓTh) + (AK × ΓK)) / r2 × μshield
Fluorescence of Lucabindiite
non-fluorescent
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Lucabindiite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-41602.html
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References for Lucabindiite
Reference List:
Williams, P. A., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2011) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2011, CNMNC Newsletter No. 10. Mineralogical Magazine, 75 (5) 2549-2561 doi:10.1180/minmag.2011.075.5.2549
Localities for Lucabindiite
Showing 4 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Chile | |
| Maurizio Dini |
Italy | |
| Russo et al. (2017) |
| Williams et al. (2011) +1 other reference |
Russia | |
| Shevko et al. (2018) |
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"Bocca Grande" fumarole, Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy