Stottite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
This page kindly sponsored by Malcolm Southwood
About Stottite
Charles E. Stott
Formula:
Fe2+[Ge4+(OH)6]
Colour:
Brown, green, orange, red
Lustre:
Vitreous, Resinous, Greasy
Hardness:
4½
Specific Gravity:
3.596
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Name:
Named after Charles E. Stott (4 May 1896, Castle Rock, Colorado, USA - 1 June 1978, Prescott, Yavapai Co., Arizona, USA), Director of the Tsumcor Mine, Tsumeb (Namibia) from 1953-1965.
Stottite is an iron hexahydroxogermanate, a compound with a Ge(IV) complex anion. Compare 'UM1970-16-OH:GeMn' - an unnamed natural Mn-bearing hexahydroxogermanate.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3795
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3795:8
Similar Names
IMA Classification of Stottite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Fe2+Ge(OH)6
First published:
1958
Classification of Stottite
4.FC.15
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
F : Hydroxides (without V or U)
C : Hydroxides with OH, without H2O; corner-sharing octahedra
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
F : Hydroxides (without V or U)
C : Hydroxides with OH, without H2O; corner-sharing octahedra
6.3.7.1
6 : HYDROXIDES AND OXIDES CONTAINING HYDROXYL
3 : X(OH)3
6 : HYDROXIDES AND OXIDES CONTAINING HYDROXYL
3 : X(OH)3
7.11.16
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
11 : Oxides of Sn and Pb
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
11 : Oxides of Sn and Pb
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Sto | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Stottite
Vitreous, Resinous, Greasy
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Comment:
Greasy on cleavages
Colour:
Brown, green, orange, red
Streak:
Grayish white
Hardness:
4½ on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
{100}, {010}, good; {001}, poor
{100}, {010}, good; {001}, poor
Density:
3.596 g/cm3 (Measured) 3.54 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Stottite
Type:
Uniaxial (-)
RI values:
nω = 1.737 - 1.738 nε = 1.728
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.009 - 0.010
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Comments:
anomalously biaxial.
2V(meas.) = Small.
2V(meas.) = Small.
Chemistry of Stottite
Mindat Formula:
Fe2+[Ge4+(OH)6]
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Stottite
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4/m - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
P42/n
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.594(4) Å, c = 7.488(6) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 0.986
Unit Cell V:
431.82 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Dipyramidal, pseudo-octahedral crystals with forms {111} (dominant), {100}, {001}, {110}, {011}, {012}.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0019859 | Stottite | Kleppe A K, Welch M D, Crichton W A, Jephcoat A P (2012) Phase transitions in hydroxide perovskites: a Raman spectroscopic study of stottite, FeGe(OH)6, to 21 GPa Mineralogical Magazine 76 949-962 | 2012 | Tsumeb mine, Nambia | 0 | 293 | |
| 0019858 | Stottite | Kleppe A K, Welch M D, Crichton W A, Jephcoat A P (2012) Phase transitions in hydroxide perovskites: a Raman spectroscopic study of stottite, FeGe(OH)6, to 21 GPa Mineralogical Magazine 76 949-962 | 2012 | Tsumeb mine, Nambia | 0 | 293 | |
| 0020264 | Stottite | Strunz V H, Giglio M (1961) Die Kristallstruktur von Stottit: FeGe(OH)6 Acta Crystallographica 14 205-208 |  | 1961 | Ongopolo mine, Namibia, Africa | 0 | 293 |
| 0001167 | Stottite | Ross C R, Bernstein L R, Waychunas G A (1988) Crystal-structure refinement of stottite, FeGe(OH)6 American Mineralogist 73 657-661 |  | 1988 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.767 Å | (very strong) |
| 2.655 Å | (strong) |
| 1 687 Å | (medium strong) |
| 2.171 Å | (medium) |
| 1.886 Å | (medium) |
| 7.672 Å | (medium) |
| 1.538 Å | (medium) |
| 7.254 Å | (medium) |
| 1.139 Å | (medium) |
Comments:
Tsumeb Mine, Namibia. Data from the type description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Stottite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Tetragonal dipyramidal, pseudo-octahedral, crystals to 1 cm.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Technical University, Berlin, Germany; National School of Mines, Paris, France; Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, 111460.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Secondary mineral in germanium-rich ore.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Other Language Names for Stottite
Relationship of Stottite to other Species
Other Members of Stottite Subgroup:
| Mopungite | Na[Sb5+(OH)6] | Tet. 4/m : P42/n |
| Nancyrossite | FeGeO6H5 | Tet. 4/m : P42/n |
| Tetrawickmanite | Mn2+[Sn4+(OH)6] | Tet. 4/m : P42/n |
| Zincostottite | ZnGe(OH)6 | Tet. 4/m : P42/n |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 11 photos of Stottite associated with Ludlockite | PbFe3+4As3+10O22 |
| 7 photos of Stottite associated with Leiteite | Zn(As2O4) |
| 6 photos of Stottite associated with Germanite | Cu13Fe2Ge2S16 |
| 5 photos of Stottite associated with Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| 4 photos of Stottite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 2 photos of Stottite associated with Fleischerite | Pb3Ge(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 4.FC.05 | Dzhalindite | In(OH)3 |
| 4.FC.05 | Bernalite | Fe(OH)3 · nH2O (n = 0.0 to 0.25) |
| 4.FC.05 | Söhngeite | Ga(OH)3 |
| 4.FC.10 | Mushistonite | (Cu,Zn,Fe2+)[Sn(OH)6] |
| 4.FC.10 | Natanite | Fe2+[Sn(OH)6] |
| 4.FC.10 | Burtite | Ca[Sn(OH)6] |
| 4.FC.10 | Vismirnovite | Zn[Sn(OH)6] |
| 4.FC.10 | Wickmanite | Mn2+[Sn(OH)6] |
| 4.FC.10 | Schoenfliesite | Mg[Sn(OH)6] |
| 4.FC.15 | Jeanbandyite | Fe3+Sn(OH)5O |
| 4.FC.15 | Tetrawickmanite | Mn2+[Sn4+(OH)6] |
| 4.FC.15 | Nancyrossite | FeGeO6H5 |
| 4.FC.15 | Zincostottite | ZnGe(OH)6 |
| 4.FC.15 | Mopungite | Na[Sb5+(OH)6] |
| 4.FC.20 | Ferronigerite-2N1S | (Al,Fe,Zn)2(Al,Sn)6O11(OH) |
| 4.FC.20 | Magnesionigerite-6N6S | (Mg,Al,Zn)3(Al,Sn,Fe)8O15(OH) |
| 4.FC.20 | Magnesionigerite-2N1S | (Mg,Al,Zn)2(Al,Sn)6O11(OH) |
| 4.FC.20 | Ferronigerite-6N6S | (Al,Fe,Zn)3(Al,Sn,Fe)8O15(OH) |
| 4.FC.20 | Zinconigerite-2N1S | (Zn,Al,Mg)2(Al,Sn)6O11(OH) |
| 4.FC.20 | Zinconigerite-6N6S | Zn3Sn2Al16O30(OH)2 |
| 4.FC.25 | Magnesiotaaffeite-6N’3S | Mg2BeAl6O12 |
| 4.FC.25 | Magnesiotaaffeite-2N’2S | Mg3Al8BeO16 |
| 4.FC.25 | Ferrotaaffeite-2N’2S | Be(Fe,Mg,Zn)3Al8O16 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Stottite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3795.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Stottite
Reference List:
Strunz, H., Giglio, M. (1961) Die Kristallstruktur von Stottit Fe[Ge(OH)6]. Acta Crystallographica, 14 (3) 205-208 doi:10.1107/s0365110x61000723
Bernstein, Lawrence R, Waychunas, Glenn A (1987) Germanium crystal chemistry in hematite and goethite from the Apex Mine, Utah, and some new data on germanium in aqueous solution and in stottite. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 51 (3) 623-630 doi:10.1016/0016-7037(87)90074-3
Ii, Charles R. Ross, Bernstein, Lawrence R., Waychunas, Glenn A. (1988) Crystal-structure refinement of stottite, FeGe(OH)6. American Mineralogist, 73 (5-6) 657-661
Localities for Stottite
Showing 1 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Namibia (TL) | |
| Strunz et al. (1958) |
Quick NavTopAbout StottiteUnique IdentifiersSimilar NamesIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence Other LanguagesRelationshipsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Tsumeb Mine, Tsumeb, Oshikoto Region, Namibia